新概念英语语法-ittherebe

1、 “It”的用法和“There be”结构知识要点：一、代词it用 法例 句代替前文提到过的东西或事情，用作人称代词。This is a new dictionary. I bought it yesterday.这是一本新词典，我昨天买的。Tom joined the army last mouth. Do you know about it?汤姆上月入伍了，你知道这事吗？代替指示代词，起着this或that的作用Is this your car? No, it isnt. 这是你的汽车吗？不是。Whats that?Its a video. 那是什么？它是一台录像机。Whose room

2、is this?It is theirs.这是谁的房间，是他们的。指明某人或某物的身分，还可指不明性别的婴儿Whos there? Its me. (Its John) 谁在那儿？是我。（是约翰）Go and see who it is that rings. Its Bill. 去看看是谁来的电话，是比尔。The Greens have a new baby. Its lovely. 格林家有一个新生婴儿。它很可爱。指时间，距离，自然现象（天气，气候，明暗）量度，价值等Its Sunday today. 今天是星期天。Its three months since he came here.

3、自从他来到这里，已经三个月了。How far is it to the Great Wall .到长城有多远？Its getting dark. 天快黑了。How much is the coat? Its ninety dollars. 这件衣服多少钱？九十美元。二、引导词it用 法例 句形代替不定式短语It is up to you to decide. 这事要由你决定。It makes me happy to hear you have recovered.听说你恢复了健康，这使我很高兴。式主代替动名词短语Its no good smoking. 吸烟没有好处。Its worthwhil

4、e working the whole night on the problem.用整夜的时间来研究那个问题是值得的。语代替主语从句It doesnt matter what you do. 你干什么都没有关系。It seems that everyone has known the news. 好象大家都知道这个消息。形式代替不定式短语I consider it better to be early. 我认为能够早一些更好。We found it impossible to get there before July.我们觉得，要在七月以前到达那里是不可能的。宾语代替动名词短语We thou

5、ght it no use doing that. 我们认为做那事没有用。代替宾语从句The teacher makes it clear that everyone should hand in his homework on time. 老师清楚地指出，每个人都应该按时交作业。三、it在强调结构中强调句型：It is (was) +被强调部分+ that (who) + 其它强调部分例 句说 明主语It is I who am to blame. 是我该受责怪。It was your uncle that (who) came yesterday. 昨天来的是你叔叔。原句的谓语动词如果是现

6、在或将来时态用It is that(who)如果原句谓语动词是过去时态，则用It wasthat(who)。宾语It was a new pen that Mother gave me.母亲给我的是一支新钢笔。在强调时间，地点，原因或方式时不要用when, where, how, 必须用that。地点It was in the classroom that I left my umbrella. 我把雨伞就落在了教室里。状时间It is at eleven that the train leaves.火车是在十一点钟离开。方式It was just as he ordered that I a

7、cted.我正是照他吩咐的那样做的。语原因It was because he was in trouble that I tried my best to help him.正是因为他处境困难我才尽力帮助他。宾补 It was red that we painted the gate.我们把门油漆成红的颜色。It was chairman that they elected him .他们选他担任的是主席的职务。there be结构 基本句型 结 构 例 句there 肯定句 there be +主+其它 There is a map on the wall. 墙上有张地图。be否定句 the

8、re be + not +主+ There is not a map on the wall. 其它 墙上没有地图。结构一般疑问句 be + there +主+其 Is there a map on the wall? 它 墙上有地图吗？肯定与否定 Yes ,there is . No, there isnt.回答 是的，有 不，没有特殊疑问 特殊疑问词+ be + How many maps are there on the wall?句及回答 there +主+其它 墙上有多少张地图？ There are two. 有两张注1：There be 句型也可以由其它动词代替be，常用的词有se

9、em to be , happen to be ,appear to be, used to be 等词组或用live, come, stand, lie, occur, exist, flow等动词。There seems to be much hope of our team beating theirs.好象我们队很有希望打败他们队。Only there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.从前有一位老渔夫住在海边的一个村子里。注2：There be 之后如有几个并列主语时，用is或用are要取决于第一个主语是单数还有复数，单数用

10、is,复数则用are.There is a pen, a pencil and two books on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔，一支铅笔和两本书。There are two books, a pen and a pencil on the desk.桌上有两本书，一支钢笔和一支铅笔。【专项训练】it的用法1、“Do you like fish?”“Yes, I like .”A×BitCthatDthem 2、 today?AHow is it BWhat is it CWhat is it like DHow is the weather. 3、“Do you want

11、 a watch?”“ .”AYes, I want it .BYes, I want one. CNo, Ive got it.DNo, Ive got the watch. 4、“Whose exercise-book is that?” “ hers”AThat isBThis isCIts DIts 5、 wont take long to get to Shanghai by air.AThatBHe CItDThis 6、What he has done helps us a lot, ?Aisnt he Bdoesnt he Cisnt it Ddoesnt it 7、We al

12、l thought no use doing that.Ait BthatCthisDthere 8、I took it for granted you would come to our party.Awhen BwhyCfor whatDthat 9、How happy to be able to study and live together with you!Athat will be Bis itCwill it beDit will be 10、I thought it to be .AhimBheCitsDshe11、 very foolish of you to say so.

13、AIts BItsCThats DThis12、Its not his habit for things.Aasks BaskCto askDasked13、It has been a great honour coming to visit me.Athey Byou CsheDhe14、I found to hear what he said.Athat difficultyBit difficultyCthat difficultDit difficult15、He is fifty , but doesnt Alook at it Blook for it Clook it Dlook

14、 him16、It was who telephoned me yesterday.AhimBhisChimselfDhe17、The sentence is wrong.Aits BitCitselfDits18、 is no doubt that he will succeed in his experiment.AIt BThisCThatDThere19、It seems Johns not coming after all.AthisBthatCifDto20、 was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas.AIt BThisCThat

15、DSuch21、Was the room the famous writer had ever lived in?Athat, it Bit , thatCit , whereDthat, which22、 is said that he has been to many places in the United States.AThis BHe CIt DThat23、What you want me to do?Ait is BthatCis thisDis it that24、Is not important who will go?AitBthatCthisD×25、Why

16、is it everyone thinks hes a thief?Abecause BasCwhenDthat26、 being Sunday, the library was closed.AWhat BIt CThatDThis27、Is believed he is ill?Ait, thatBhe, thatCit, if Dhe, for28、 is known to us Mary dances best.AShe, ×BIt, thatCIt, she DShe, who29、“Whats this?”“ a flag.”AThis is BThatsCIts DIt

17、s30、Jack is ill. Have you heard about ?AhimBit CthisDthatThere be 结构31、Is a typewriter in the room?Ahe BthereCit Dhas32、Theres no one in the house, is ?Ait Bhe CthereDthey33、 must be something wrong.AIt BHe CThereDThey34、 there anyone around?AWasBWereCThereDHas35、 used to be a church round the corne

18、r.AHereBThereCIt DIt is 36、It is reported that is going to be a storm.Ait BthereC×Dthe weather37、There still a lot of work to be done before the house is ready for occupation.Aare BwereCis Dhave38、There is a girl for the bus. Ato waitBwaitingCwaitedDwait39、There a pine tree at the top of the hi

19、ll.Astands Blies ClivesDhas40、 will be a good film on at the Rex next week.AThereBIt CThatDThis改错,下列每句所给的选项中，各有一项是错的，请指出并改正。 41、He is certain that the secretary will be there. A B C D42、I think that a good idea to get up early.A B C D43、It makes me feel sad that see you.A B C D44、Do you find it very

20、 dull live here? A B C D45、It is no use to cry over spilt milk. A B C D46、There it must have been a mistake. A B C D47、There is going to have an English party at the weekend.A B C D48、Is there any one who waiting to see me ? A B C D49、There have a man sitting beyond that fence.A B C D50、It was a car

21、 ready for us. A B C D【答案】：1、B2、D3、B4、C5、C6、D7、A8、D9、D10、A11、A12、C13、B14、D15、C16、D17、C18、A19、B20、A21、B22、C23、D24、A25、D26、B27、A28、B29、C30、B 31、B32、C33、C34、A35、B36、B37、C38、B39、A40、A41、A Heit42、B thatit43、C thatto44、D live前加to45、C to crycrying 46、B it 去掉47、B havebe48、C who后加is 或把who去掉49、A haveis 50、A I

22、t There十一、交际英语知识要点：一、Greeting（问候）1、Good morning! (afternoon, evening)2、Hello! (Hi)3、How do you do?4、How are you?5、How are you getting on with your studies?6、How's everything with you?7、Did you have a nice holiday? (summer vacation)二、Introduction（介绍）AIntroduction:1、 This is my friend, Tom.2、Let m

23、e introuduce you to my friend, Tom.3、May I introduce myself? I'm Tom.4、Please allow me to introduce my friend, Tom.5、I'd like you to meet my friend Tom.BResponses:1、How do you do? Pleased to meet you. (Glad to meet you. Nice to meet you.)2、It's my pleasure to have this chance to meet you

24、.三、Farewells（告别）AFarewells:1、It's getting late. I must be going.2、It's five o'clock already. I must be off now.3、Oh, God, it's late, I've got to go.4、It's time I was going, I'm afraid.5、I think I must go now.6、I think I'd better leave.7、I'm glad to have met you.BR

25、esponses:1、Come again whenever you are free.2、If you pass my home, drop in.3、Good night, have a nice dream.4、Can't you stay a little longer?5、I hope we'll meet again sometime.四、Asking and Directing the Way（问路和指路）AAsking the way:1、Can you tell me the way to the post office?2、Is this the way t

26、o the post office?3、Excuse me, how can I get to the post office?4、Which is the nearest way to the post office?5、Is the post office far from here?6、How long will it take me to get to the post office?7、Excuse me, is there a post office near here?8、Excuse me, does this bus go to the post office?BRespon

27、ses:1、Go ahead till you come to the next crossing.2、No, it's not far from here. It's only about ten minutes' walk.3、It's about 200 yards down the street.4、Take Bus No. 3 and it will take you right there.5、Go down the street and take the second turning on the left.五、Asking for Time an

28、d Date（询问时间与日期）AAsking:1、What time is it now?2、What's the time by your watch?3、What day is it today?4、What is the date today?5、Is your watch correct?BResponses:1、It's ten.2、It's Wednesday.3、It's October, 8th.4、My watch says it's 7:30.5、My watch always keeps good time.六、Asking abo

29、ut Health（询问健康）AAsking:1、How are you these days?2、What's wrong with you?3、Have you seen the doctor?4、You look tired. What's wrong?BResponses:1、I'm not quite myself today.2、My stomach hurts3、I don't feel like eating anything today.4、I've got a bad cold.七、Talking about Weather（谈论天气

30、）1、It's a fine day, isn't it?2、What's the temperature today?3、What's the weather like today?4、How is the weather?5、What's the weather going to be like at the weekend?6、Do you like the weather in Beijing?7、Do you think that we are going to have snow today?八、Invitations（邀请）AInvitat

31、ions:1、Would you like to come to my birthday party?2、Will you be able to come to my birthday party?3、I'd be very glad if you would come to my birthday party.4、Can you fix a time for a picnic?5、Are you free tomorrow? What (How) about having a picnic?6、Won't you come with me?7、You will come to

32、 have dinner with me, won't you?BResponses:1、I'd be glad to, thank you.2、It's very kind of you to invite me.3、I'd like to, but I'm too busy.4、Thank you for your kind invitation, I will.5、I'm afraid not. I will have to look after my sick mother.6、I'm sorry, I can't. Th

33、ank you very much.九、Making an Appointment（约会）AMaking an appointment:1、Are you free this afternoon?2、How about tomorrow evening?3、Shall we meet at 7:00 at the gate of the cinema?4、When will you be able to see us?5、What time can I call on you?6、Will you be at home next Sunday?7、Don't forget to com

34、e to my birthday party.BResponses:1、Tomorrow evening will be all right.2、Yes, I'll be free then.3、No, I won't be free then, but I'll be free next Wednesday.十、Making a phone call（打电话）AMaking a call:1、Hello, is Mary in?2、Hello, is that Mary speaking?3、Can I have your telephone number, plea

35、se?4、Hello, may I speak to Mary?5、Could you ask him to call me, please?6、Who is it, please?BResponses:1、This is Mary speaking.2、Hold on please.3、Mary, you are wanted on the phone.4、Mary isn't here right now. Can I take a message for you?十一、Shopping（购物）AShop assistant:1、What can I do for you?2、Ca

36、n (May) I help you?3、How much do you want?4、What about this (these)?BCustomer:1、I'd like to have a look at the sweater.2、That's too expensive (dear), I'm afraid.3、That's fine. I'll take it.4、How much is it?十二、Seeing the Doctor（看病）ADoctor:1、What's wrong (the matter) with you?2、How long have you been like this?3、Let me examine you.4、Take this medicine three times a day.5、Drink plenty of water and take a good rest.6、It's nothing serious. Take it easy.BPatient:1、There's something wrong with my stomac