被动语态讲解

1、The Passive Voice被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，时，谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的。当句子的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，时态通过构成，时态通过be表现出表现出来。来。1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+

2、am/is /are +过去分词过去分词His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed by his brother every day.改为被动语态nnnnnFootball is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beilun.English is spoken as

3、the first language in UK.你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.2一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词过去分词He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday .The tall building

4、was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Many trees were planted by them years ago.3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.3一般将

5、来时：一般将来时：S+ will+be+过去分词过去分词Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.Different kinds of v

6、egetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.4情态动词：情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the

7、 lights.4.They should learn English well.5.Jim could do it yesterday. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.It could be done by Jim yesterday.You must hand in your compositions after class. He

8、 can write a great many letters with the computer. Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.5现在进行时：现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词 现在进行时：现在进行时： The radio is broadcasting English lessons. We are painting the rooms. I was doing my homework at 8:00 la

9、st night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.6过去进行时：过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词过去分词过去进行时：过去进行时： Why didnt they drive there on time? Because the workers were mending the road. This time last year we were planting trees here. We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been

10、made by us.7现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词过去分词. 现在完成时：现在完成时： Someone has told me We have brought down the price. 8 过去将来时：过去将来时： The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. 9. 过去完成时：过去完成时： When I got t

11、o the theatre, I found The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; 1. 1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. (正确正确) A new computer have been bought. (错误错误) 2. 2.

12、 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语如果把直接宾语( (指物指物) )改为主语，则在间接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语( (指人指人) )前加适前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to m

13、e yesterday. 一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如：，如： bring, give, lend, offer, pass, promise, sell, show, teach, tell 等。等。 The cup with mixture was showed to the class. My bike was lent to her. 一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如：如： buy, cook, choose, fetch, get, ,make, order, 等。等。 Mot

14、her made me a new skirt. (A new skirt was made for me. ) The meat was cooked for us. 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）

15、5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return

16、the book in time.The ticket was found was told9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our wor

17、k today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory. was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bi

18、ke _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day. can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _? is studiedIs talked by them各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：情态动词：情态动词：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在进行时：现在完成时：现在完成时：过去进行时：过去进行时：S+am/is /are +doneS+was/were +doneS+ can/may/must/should + be+ doneS+ will+be+ done