材控专业英语-5.Plastics_forming_and_molds

1、Chapter 5 Plastics Forming and Molds5.1 Injection moldsWords and terms:linjection mold 注射模具注射模具lmolding shop 成型车间，造型车间成型车间，造型车间 linjection molded 注射成型的注射成型的 lgrind（ground）磨削，磨光）磨削，磨光 lSingle-cavity mold 单型腔注射模单型腔注射模lMulticavity mold 多型腔注射模多型腔注射模lClamping force 合模力合模力lInjection capacity 注射容量注射容量The c

2、ontinuing development of injection-molding technology demands more and more of the processor.注塑成型技术的持续发展要求越来越多的加工程序。注塑成型技术的持续发展要求越来越多的加工程序。The most important problem in the process of injection molding is undoubtedly the correct design of the injection mold, because the molding shop has little influ

3、ence, if any, on the construction of the machine. 注塑成型工艺中最重要的问题注塑成型工艺中最重要的问题无疑无疑是正确地是正确地设计注射模设计注射模。成型车。成型车间对工艺的间对工艺的影响不大影响不大，即便有，即便有，也是在注塑机器的结构上。也是在注塑机器的结构上。Efficient production of the most diverse injection molded parts depends primarily on the injection mold.多样化的注塑模具零件的高效生产主要取决于注塑模具本身。多样化的注塑模具零件的高

4、效生产主要取决于注塑模具本身。5.1.1 GenaralThe durability of the molds depends on their care and treatment. Since the moving components and cavity of the mold are always hardened and ground, they should produce between 500,000 and 1000,000,000 shots模具的模具的耐久性耐久性主要主要取决于取决于保养和加工处理。模具的活动件和保养和加工处理。模具的活动件和型腔在使用过程中会型腔在使用

5、过程中会硬化、磨损硬化、磨损，大概分别能生产，大概分别能生产500,000和和1000,000,000件产品。件产品。5.1.1 GenaralFor ease of construction and to lower manufacturing cost, injection molds are becoming standardized. Some firms offer ready-made bases of square or round design as standard or stripper plate molds for immediate use. Only the ins

6、erts then have to be fitted into the bases.为了简化结构，降低成本为了简化结构，降低成本，注射模越来越标准化。一些企业，注射模越来越标准化。一些企业提供提供已经生产好的已经生产好的方形或圆形底座，作为脱模板塑模直接使方形或圆形底座，作为脱模板塑模直接使用。使用时只需将嵌件与底座配套就可以了。用。使用时只需将嵌件与底座配套就可以了。5.1.1 Genarallbushing 套管；套管； runner system 流道系统流道系统lejector system 顶出装置；顶出装置； locate 位于位于Basically the injection

7、mold consists of two halves. One mold half contains the sprue bushing and runner system, the other half houses the ejector system, the molded part is located at the parting line (ref. To DIN 16700)注射模主要由两部分组成。注射模主要由两部分组成。一部分一部分包括浇口套管和流道系统，包括浇口套管和流道系统，另一部分另一部分放置放置顶出装置。开模零件放在顶出装置。开模零件放在分型线分型线。5.1.2 Ba

8、sic Mold Construction 模具的结构模具的结构5.1.2.1 工作原理工作原理5.1.2.2 Single-or Multicavity MoldslIncidental time 辅助时间；辅助时间； clamping force 合模力合模力lPlasticizing可塑性；可塑性； condense 提炼提炼/压缩压缩(To set up a calculation )concerning the choice of cavities in an injection mold requires accurate knowledge of the material to

9、be processed, of the injection-molding machine and of the molds.为了计算注射模中型腔的数目，要求具备准确的领域知识，为了计算注射模中型腔的数目，要求具备准确的领域知识，包括材料的加工，铸模机以及模具。包括材料的加工，铸模机以及模具。The mold costs increase with the rising number of cavities and the relative machine costs decrease.随着型腔数量的增加，模随着型腔数量的增加，模具的成本增加，而机器成本则相对降低。具的成本增加，而机器成本则

10、相对降低。The production time required for a given molded part depends on the wall thickness, the injection speed, the recovery rate, the time requird to cool the molded material, the cooling capacity of the mold and the necessary incidental times such as duration of pressure holding time, ejection time,

11、 delay times, etc.指定模制品的指定模制品的生产时间取决于生产时间取决于壁厚，注射速度，收缩率，模壁厚，注射速度，收缩率，模制材料冷却所需时间，模具的冷却能力和诸如压力保持时间，制材料冷却所需时间，模具的冷却能力和诸如压力保持时间，排放时间，延迟时间的耐久性等必要的辅助时间排放时间，延迟时间的耐久性等必要的辅助时间5.1.2.2 Single-or Multicavity Molds5.1.2.2 Single-or Multicavity MoldsTherefore the decision concerning the number of cavities to be d

12、etermined depends on:Size of the order (number of molded parts in connection with delivery time)Shape of the molded parts(size, quality requirements)Injection-molding machine (clamping force, plasticizing and injection capacity)Mold costs因此，型腔的选择主要取决于：因此，型腔的选择主要取决于：（1）订单大小（模具零件数量以及交货时间）订单大小（模具零件数量以及

13、交货时间）（2）模具零件的形状（尺寸，质量要求）模具零件的形状（尺寸，质量要求）（3）注塑成型机（合模力，可塑性，注塑容量）注塑成型机（合模力，可塑性，注塑容量）（4）模具成本）模具成本5.1.2.2 Single-or Multicavity MoldsThere are several known procedures for calculating the economical number of cavities. Unfortunately they are so varied that it is impossible to condense them.As an example:

14、F1 = Max.injection volume of machine in cm3 / Volume of molded parts,sprue and runner in cm3F2 = Plasticizing capacity in cm3/min / Number of shots/min . (parts,sprue and runner in cm3)Words and terms:5.1.3 Three-plate Moldsthree -plate mold 三板式注射模，三板式注射模，Sprue 注料口，流道，直浇道注料口，流道，直浇道 pinpoint gate 针孔型

15、浇口；针孔型浇口； compression spring 压缩弹簧压缩弹簧 spring washer 弹簧垫圈；弹簧垫圈； Stop 止动销，制动销，限位器止动销，制动销，限位器 retention system 滞留系统；滞留系统； dowel 定位销，轴销定位销，轴销 annular groove 环形凹槽；环形凹槽； ball catch 门碰球，球掣门碰球，球掣 ejector plate 顶料板；顶料板； ejector rod 顶料杆，出料杆顶料杆，出料杆 protruding rod 凸出杆，伸出杆；凸出杆，伸出杆； protruding spring 凸出弹簧凸出弹簧 ；La

16、tch 插销，撞锁，弹簧锁插销，撞锁，弹簧锁 Pin 钉，销；钉，销；leaf spring 片弹簧；片弹簧；star -shaped runner 星形流道星形流道 gating technique 脉冲选通技术脉冲选通技术 bulky runner 大流道，大浇道大流道，大浇道 sprue separating area 浇道分离面浇道分离面 ；Undercut 下（部凹）陷下（部凹）陷 retainer pin 开口销，固定销开口销，固定销 ；sprue -stripping plate 注料口分模板注料口分模板 Stripping 脱模，拆模；脱模，拆模；inclined plane

17、倾斜面，斜面倾斜面，斜面 plate assembly 板装置，板组合板装置，板组合 stripper sleeve 分型（模）套分型（模）套 ；mold core 型芯型芯 Words and terms:5.1.3 Three-plate Molds5.1.3 Three-plate MoldsThree -plate molds are injection molds possessing two parting lines, having been designed as degating molds. 三板式注射模有三板式注射模有两个分型线两个分型线，作为出浇口而设计。，作为出浇口而

18、设计。This means that the sprue is separated from the parts in the mold.这说明浇口被模具中的塑件分开。这说明浇口被模具中的塑件分开。At the conclusion of injection the mold opens at the first parting line, which contains the sprue and runner and separates the pinpoint gate from the part.注射注射结束结束时，第一个分型线首先开模，其中包括浇口和时，第一个分型线首先开模，其中包括浇

19、口和流道以及塑件中分流的针孔型浇注系统流道以及塑件中分流的针孔型浇注系统Only then is the second parting line opened, releasing the part. There are several possibilities for achieving this.这样第二个分型线才会开模，使塑件脱离型芯。脱离型这样第二个分型线才会开模，使塑件脱离型芯。脱离型芯有好几种方法。芯有好几种方法。Only then只有只有.才才5.1.3 Three-plate Molds5.1.3 Three-plate MoldsFig.5.1:with short str

20、oke distances of plate1, compression springs 3 or spring washers can be inserted between plates 4 and 1, which push plate 1 forward. The stops at 2 limit the stroke.在模板在模板1的短距离行程下，压的短距离行程下，压缩弹簧缩弹簧3或弹簧垫圈插入模板或弹簧垫圈插入模板4和和1之间，推动模板之间，推动模板1前进。前进。2止动销控制行程。止动销控制行程。图图5.1 弹簧式弹簧式1动模板动模板2止动销止动销3压缩弹簧压缩弹簧4模板模板5.1

21、.3 Three-plate MoldsThe retention system of plate 4 shown in Fig.5.2 is often employed. Dowel 1 is provided with an annular groove 3 into which the ball catch 2 is pushed. A not too heavy plate can be carried along by the resultant adhesive effect.图图5.2表示模板表示模板4采用的滞留系统。采用的滞留系统。定位销定位销1中有环凹槽中有环凹槽3，可以推

22、，可以推入球掣入球掣2。通过合成粘合面效应。通过合成粘合面效应可以推动一块不太重的模板运可以推动一块不太重的模板运行。行。图图5.2 滞留系统滞留系统 1定位销定位销2球掣球掣3环凹槽环凹槽4模板模板5.1.3 Three-plate MoldsThe plate 4 to be moved in Fig.5.3 is connected to the ejector plates by ejector rods, which in turn are fixed in their basic position by strong spring 3.图图5.3中模板中模板4通过顶料杆通过顶料杆与

23、顶料板相连，顶料杆与顶料板相连，顶料杆通过弹簧通过弹簧3安装在底座安装在底座图图5.3 三板式注模三板式注模推出杆推出杆顶料杆顶料杆弹簧弹簧模板模板模板模板5.1.3 Three-plate MoldsPalte 4 is carried along until the ejector plates are stopped by running against the ejector bar of the machine. Then only the complete mold body keeps moving on in the usual manner.当顶料板撞上设备的顶板时，模板当顶

24、料板撞上设备的顶板时，模板4停止运动。只有模具主体停止运动。只有模具主体以正常方式运行。以正常方式运行。Care must be taken with this design that the ejectors 1 are slightly delayed. They must not be rigidly connected to the ejector plate; otherwise there would be a tendency for the parts to be pushed back into the cavities in plates 4.设计中必须注意设计中必须注意，

25、推出杆，推出杆1稍微长一些。它们不能与顶料稍微长一些。它们不能与顶料板刚性连接，否则零件会有被推回模板板刚性连接，否则零件会有被推回模板4中模腔的可能。中模腔的可能。5.1.3 Three-plate Molds5.1.3 Three-plate MoldsWith this design the stroke of plate 4 can be arbitrary. Moreover, when the ejector rods 2 are hardened and guided in bushes, these rods can take over the function of the

26、guide pins fitted on the fixed mold half, so that the space between plates 5 and 4 is not cluttered up with protruding rods or spring. 这样设计，模板这样设计，模板4的行程可以随意。而且，顶料杆的行程可以随意。而且，顶料杆2采用轴套加采用轴套加固和引导，可以代替导向销与定模配合，所以模板固和引导，可以代替导向销与定模配合，所以模板4和和5之间不之间不能放置凸出杆或者弹簧。能放置凸出杆或者弹簧。This can be of advantage if a rathe

27、r complicated runner system has to be designed.设计一个流道系统比较好。设计一个流道系统比较好。5.1.3 Three-plate MoldsFig.5.4 shows a mechanical type of plate movement. Although more elaborate, it is nevertheless the safest way, particularly if large, heavy plates have to be moved. 图图5.4是模板运动的机械形式。是模板运动的机械形式。尽管更复杂一些，但仍然是最尽

28、管更复杂一些，但仍然是最安全的方式，尤其是针对较大安全的方式，尤其是针对较大较重的模板移动。较重的模板移动。插销插销销销导轨导轨5模板模板4弹簧片弹簧片The latch 9, which hooks over plate 5, moves the latter along. The movement is continued until the pin 8 in the hook is lifted by the rise in the guide strip 7 on which it runs. The pin has to escape upward, thereby releasin

29、g the hook from the plate 5.插销插销9挂在模板挂在模板5上，随模板一起移动。当挂钩上的销上，随模板一起移动。当挂钩上的销8被导轨被导轨7抬起时，移动停止。销向上移动，从而释放了模板抬起时，移动停止。销向上移动，从而释放了模板5上的挂钩。上的挂钩。The plate now pushed up against a stop, which in this case has been fitted to the underside of the guide strip at 3, and the mold can continue opening. The hook is

30、 pushed down again by the leaf spring 4.模板反向止动销向上推，止动销调整到模板反向止动销向上推，止动销调整到3处的导轨下面，模具处的导轨下面，模具可以持续打开。挂钩再次被弹簧片可以持续打开。挂钩再次被弹簧片4下推。下推。5.1.3 Three-plate Molds5.2.1 Compression Molds - GeneralChapter 5 Plastics Forming and MoldsWords and terms:Compression mold 压模；压铸模压模；压铸模Thermosetting 热固性热固性Compression-m

31、olding compound 压压塑成形料塑成形料Pellet 小球小球Demolding 脱模脱模Ejection 挤出；推出挤出；推出Finishing work 精加工精加工Draft angle 脱模角；模锻斜度脱模角；模锻斜度Incorporate 包含包含Specification 具体说明具体说明Tolerance 公差公差Exclusively 专门地专门地Aid 助手；辅助设备助手；辅助设备Mandatory 强制的强制的Concerning 关于关于Optimum 最适宜的最适宜的 Split 分裂分裂In advance 预先预先Due 适当的适当的5.2.1 Comp

32、ression Molds - GeneralThermosetting compression-molding compounds can be molded into articles of excellent rigidly and shape retention by supplying heat and pressure. Apart from the molding material, the mold itself is of great importance.对对热固性压塑成型料热固性压塑成型料加热加压，可以模塑成具有良好刚性和并加热加压，可以模塑成具有良好刚性和并能保持形状的

33、零件。能保持形状的零件。除了除了模具材料，模具本身也很重要。模具材料，模具本身也很重要。Compression molds nowadays are heated electrically exclusively. The mold is loaded with molding compound, by hand, with the aid of a filling device, or with pellets.现在压模专门用电加热。模具手动或者在装填机和小球的辅助现在压模专门用电加热。模具手动或者在装填机和小球的辅助下加载到成形料上。下加载到成形料上。5.2.1 Compression M

34、olds - GeneralA construction drawing should be mandatory for every mold to be newly produced. Any new ides concerning the mold, such as stability of the mold construction, optimum heating, aids to demolding and ejection, e.g., slides, split cavities, cores, etc., can be included in advance and given

35、 due consideration.模具的结构图必须包括新生产的每种模具。模具的结构图必须包括新生产的每种模具。关于模具的任何新的想法，比如模具结构的稳定性，最佳的加关于模具的任何新的想法，比如模具结构的稳定性，最佳的加热方式，辅助脱模和推出机构，即，滑板，模腔分离，型芯等热方式，辅助脱模和推出机构，即，滑板，模腔分离，型芯等都要都要预先预先包含在结构图中并包含在结构图中并适当适当考虑。考虑。5.2.1 Compression Molds - GeneralThe cost of such drawings will be more than justified as a rule by t

36、he ensuring efficient mold production and by fewer alterations and less finishing work on the completed mold.这种设计图的造价这种设计图的造价通常通常要确保压模模具的有效生产，过程中较要确保压模模具的有效生产，过程中较少的更改，以及较少的精加工。少的更改，以及较少的精加工。The more accurately details are incorporated in the design, the more finishing work is avoided, e.g., specifi

37、cation of the draft angle required and dimensional tolerances.设计中要包含更多的细节，避免精加工，比如，脱模角的具体设计中要包含更多的细节，避免精加工，比如，脱模角的具体说明和尺寸公差。说明和尺寸公差。5.2.2 Compression Molds - RequirementsWords and terms:Jamming 堵塞堵塞High-walled part 高壁件高壁件Trouble-free ejection 顺利脱模顺利脱模Glass-hard 特硬的；玻璃化硬度特硬的；玻璃化硬度Tough core 强韧的心部强韧的心

38、部Rib 肋；筋肋；筋Carburizing steel 渗碳钢渗碳钢Shape-giving mold part 成形模具零成形模具零件件Withstand 承受承受Deflection 偏移偏移Wage 工资工资Incur 引起引起Chrome 铬铬Plating 镀镀Interlock 互锁互锁Fraught 充满的充满的Insert 镶嵌件镶嵌件 5.2.2 Compression Molds - RequirementsThe mold must be of sufficiently solid and rigid construction （1）to enable it to wi

39、thstand the high pressures required with compression molding.模具必须足够结实具有刚性结构，以模具必须足够结实具有刚性结构，以承受承受压缩成型需要的高压。压缩成型需要的高压。The outer walls should be only slightly flexible（2）. If the mold is too flexible, the result could be jamming of the two mold halves on opening, or troublesome ejection.外壁弹性不能太大。如果模具弹

40、性大，模具的两部分就会在开外壁弹性不能太大。如果模具弹性大，模具的两部分就会在开模处卡住，或者不能顺利脱模。模处卡住，或者不能顺利脱模。High-walled parts may well exert the total compression pressure on the side wall. The bottom of mold must be well supported to absorb the pressure exerted on it and to avoid deflection.高壁件高壁件把把总体压缩压力总体压缩压力作用到作用到侧壁上。模具底部侧壁上。模具底部必须能必须

41、能承受承受所所施加的压力避免出现偏移。施加的压力避免出现偏移。5.2.2 Compression Molds - RequirementsAs the material costs are comparatively low compared to wages, one can afford to have the mold solidly constructed without incurring any significant increase in cost.鉴于材料成本相对于收入来说还是比较低的，我们可以在铸造鉴于材料成本相对于收入来说还是比较低的，我们可以在铸造时增加模具的坚固程度而

42、不需要进行很大的投入。时增加模具的坚固程度而不需要进行很大的投入。The higher steel content （3）ensures a more uniform temperature distribution and temperature control, apart form the greater rigidity.除了硬度更好之外，品质更佳的钢制品还可以除了硬度更好之外，品质更佳的钢制品还可以更好的保证温度更好的保证温度的均匀分布以及温度控制。的均匀分布以及温度控制。A good polish of the molding areas（4） is absolutely esse

43、ntial for troublefree ejection and to give a satisfactory surface to the molded article.模具成型区模具成型区光滑有利于顺利脱模光滑有利于顺利脱模，同时对被塑形物表面情况有，同时对被塑形物表面情况有至关重要的作用。至关重要的作用。5.2.2 Compression Molds - RequirementsThe mold surface should be glass-hard（5） so that it can withstand the wearing effect the molding materia

44、l exerts when flowing under pressure and so that it retains its polish.模具表面应具有模具表面应具有最高最高硬度硬度，如此才能承受高压下模型材料所施，如此才能承受高压下模型材料所施加的磨损效应，以保持光滑度。加的磨损效应，以保持光滑度。On the other hand, the tool steel needs to possess a tough core, as a slight distortion of the mold walls and the ribs is unavoidable. It is recomm

45、ended to use a carburizing steel for the shape-giving mold parts. This has already proved itself in the construction of molds for the plastics-processing industry.换句话说，由于模壁和侧板的轻微变形是不可避免的，因此工换句话说，由于模壁和侧板的轻微变形是不可避免的，因此工具钢要具有强韧的心部。具钢要具有强韧的心部。对于成形零件模具，建议采用对于成形零件模具，建议采用渗碳钢。这渗碳钢。这在塑性加工行业的模在塑性加工行业的模具结构中已经证

46、实。具结构中已经证实。5.2.2 Compression Molds - RequirementsThe mold surface must be resistant to constant attack by chemicals（6）, which is particularly prevalent with certain types of compression-molding compounds. A mold can be protected from chemical attack and frictional wear by chrome plating of the moldi

47、ng surfaces.模具表面尤其是一些特定的压塑成型混合物，必须能承受化学模具表面尤其是一些特定的压塑成型混合物，必须能承受化学物质的侵蚀。模具表面镀铬，可以保护其免受化学侵蚀和摩擦物质的侵蚀。模具表面镀铬，可以保护其免受化学侵蚀和摩擦磨损。磨损。A further important requirement is that the mold consists of as few interlocking parts as possible（7）. The fitting of several parts into each other is always fraught with dam

48、age because of the possible to distortion caused by the high compression pressure employed. Should it not be possible to avoid working with inserts, it is then essential that the inserts always be fitted into the compression mold in line with the pressure and never across it.另一个重要要求是模具组成中联锁部件越少越好。由于

49、高压缩力另一个重要要求是模具组成中联锁部件越少越好。由于高压缩力会产生变形，部件相互连接的越多越容易损坏。会产生变形，部件相互连接的越多越容易损坏。但是，完全避免内嵌部件是不现实的，这时应尽量使内嵌部件与但是，完全避免内嵌部件是不现实的，这时应尽量使内嵌部件与压模结合，并与压力保持一致且不能超越压力。压模结合，并与压力保持一致且不能超越压力。5.2.2 Compression Molds - Requirements5.2.3 Construction of a Compression MoldWords and terms:Asymmetrical 不对称的，不对称的，Flash 毛刺，飞边

50、，毛刺，飞边，Material residue 料渣料渣Ejector pin 推杆，顶杆推杆，顶杆Multitude 大量，众多大量，众多5.2.3 Construction of a Compression MoldA compression mold basically consist of an upper and a lower part. In normal cases the lower half is fitted to the table of the press and the upper half to the ram.压模基本上包含上半部分和下半部分。通常把模具的下半部

51、分压模基本上包含上半部分和下半部分。通常把模具的下半部分安装在工作台上，上半部分安装在压头上。安装在工作台上，上半部分安装在压头上。Both mold halves are guided by hardened dowel. Asymmetrical parts cause large one sided pressure loads to be exerted on the mold. They require compensation through special guides.这两部分都是由坚硬的榫钉为导向的。不对称的部分会引起很这两部分都是由坚硬的榫钉为导向的。不对称的部分会引起很大

52、的单面压力并施加在模具上。这就需要有补偿力通过特定的大的单面压力并施加在模具上。这就需要有补偿力通过特定的导向部件导向部件Ejection usually calls for special equipment. Parts such as flat dishes or plates are easily ejected by compressed air, which is already available on the machine for cleaning flash and material residue form the molds. In all other cases, e

53、jection by ejector pins or ribs is feasible. For parts with a multitude of ribs and openings, ejector pins are essential because of the material shrinkage.脱模通常需要特殊设备。诸如平盘或碟子就很容易通过压缩空脱模通常需要特殊设备。诸如平盘或碟子就很容易通过压缩空气进行脱模，气进行脱模，而压缩空气这种手段本身就用于清理模型的溢料而压缩空气这种手段本身就用于清理模型的溢料和材料残余物和材料残余物。其他情况下，通过推杆或侧板进行脱模的手段。其他情

54、况下，通过推杆或侧板进行脱模的手段也是可行的。另外，当零件有大量的挡边或开口时，就必须使也是可行的。另外，当零件有大量的挡边或开口时，就必须使用推杆，因为材料会收缩。用推杆，因为材料会收缩。5.2.3 Construction of a Compression Mold5.2.4 Construction of a Compression MoldWords and terms:Lathe 车床车床Milling machine 铣床铣床Profiler 仿形铣床仿形铣床Spark erosion machine 电火花加工铣床电火花加工铣床Spark eroded 电火花腐蚀的电火花腐蚀的M

55、illing head 铣刀头铣刀头Copy milling 靠模铣靠模铣Fine engraving 精细雕刻精细雕刻Hobbing 铣刀，齿轮滚铣刀铣刀，齿轮滚铣刀Aforementioned 前述的前述的Epoxy resin 环氧树脂环氧树脂Allowance 加工余量加工余量Stylus 触针，测头触针，测头Automatic tracing 自动跟踪自动跟踪Contour 外形，轮廓外形，轮廓5.2.4 Construction of a Compression MoldThe mold consists of case-hardened tool steel for the af

56、orementioned reasons with a glass-hard surface and a tough core. 模具由前述的具有极硬表面和强韧的心部的工具钢组成。模具由前述的具有极硬表面和强韧的心部的工具钢组成。The structure of the mold and all parts not subjected to wear is produced in steel of 600 to 700 N/mm2 strength, equivalent to material no.1.1730. 不承受磨损的不承受磨损的模具和所有部件的结构由强度为模具和所有部件的结构由强

57、度为600 到到700 N/mm2的钢生产，相当于的钢生产，相当于1.1730号材料（国产号材料（国产45#钢）。钢）。5.2.4 Construction of a Compression MoldThe machining of the shape-giving surfaces of the mold can be executed either with a lathe, milling machine, profiler or spark erosion machine, depending on the type and the shape of the molded part.根

58、据模具部件的类型和形状，采用车床、铣床、仿形铣床或根据模具部件的类型和形状，采用车床、铣床、仿形铣床或者电火花加工铣床对成型模具表面进行加工。者电火花加工铣床对成型模具表面进行加工。It goes without saying that one employs the most efficient machining process to suit a given mold. Irregularly shaped cavities in a compression mold are best milled out on a profiler.理所当然，理所当然，人们采用最有效的适合模具的加工工

59、艺。压模中人们采用最有效的适合模具的加工工艺。压模中不规则型腔最好采用仿形铣床加工。不规则型腔最好采用仿形铣床加工。5.2.4 Construction of a Compression MoldThe core model is produced in either epoxy resin or wood to the corresponding size, making allowance for the shrinkage of the plastics material to be processed. 考虑到考虑到塑性材料在加工时产生收缩，芯模用环氧树脂或木材塑性材料在加工时产生收缩

60、，芯模用环氧树脂或木材加工成相应尺寸。加工成相应尺寸。A epoxy resin casting is produced from the already existing core model to create the cavity model.根据已有的芯模型浇注环氧树脂形成型腔模型。根据已有的芯模型浇注环氧树脂形成型腔模型。This is then transferred to the copying machine for milling in manual operation with the aid of a stylus or by automatic tracing by t