名词所有格讲解及练习

1、名词所有格讲解及练习格是名词的语法范畴之一。它是名词和代词的一种变化形式,在句中表示与其它词的关系。名词有三个格:主格、宾格和所有格。在英语中有些名词可以加“s”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teachers book。它有两种不同的形式:一、在名词尾加s。主要表示有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的某些空间和时间名词的所有格,如the worlds, the suns,the earths,todays,yesterdays等。1. 单数名词词尾加“s”,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“s”。例the boys bag 男孩的书包mens room 男厕所2. 若名词

2、已有复数词尾又是s ,只加“”。例the workers struggle工人的斗争3. 凡不能加“s”的名词,都可以用“名词+of +名词”的结构来表示所有关系。例the title of the song 歌的名字4. 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词。例the barbers 理发店5. 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有s,则表示“分别有”;只有一个s,则表示“共有”。例Johns and Marys room(两间John and Marys room(一间6. 在复合名词或短语中,s 加在最后一个词的词尾。例a month or twos ab

3、sence7.作为一个整体的词组,一般在最后一个词的词尾加s。例an hour and a halfs walk (步行一个半小时的路程Carol and Ch arles boat (卡咯和查尔斯两人共有的船8. 不定代词后接else , 所有格放在else 上。例somebody elses bag9. 下列情况可以将s 所有格中的名词省略。1名词所有格所修饰的词, 如果前面已经提到,往往可以省略,以免重复。例This notebook is not mine, nor Johns, nor Peters. 这个笔记本不是我的,也不是约翰和比特的。The dictionary isnt m

4、ine, but Jennys. 这本词典不是我的,而是珍妮的。2名词所有格后面有指地点等的名词时, 有的在习惯上可以省略。例Before Christmas, there were lots of customers at the Richarsons.the doctors(office医生的诊所my uncles(house我叔叔的家10.起修饰作用的名词,如不表示所有关系,通常不用s。例room number tooth brush二、另外一种所有格是由介词of加名词构成的名词短语1.名词的所有格形式除s外,还可用of+名词构成短语修饰前面的名词或表示两个名词间的所有关系。2. 使用名

5、词所有格须注意: 一般地说,s 所有格多用于有生命的东西,of 所有格多用于无生命的东西,但也有许多例外。1表示天体的名词的所有格用s。例the suns heat the moons surface2表示地区机构的名词的所有格用s。例the citys developmentthe governmen ts plan3表示度量与货币价值的所有格用s。例ten kilometres distance200 dollars worth of goods4表示“有关”非所有关系的用of 介词短语。例students of the school the statue of liberty5表示同位关

6、系的用of 介词短语。例the city of Pisa6表示部分或全部的用of 介词短语。例the bottom of the sea the majority of people7表示抽象概念的用of 介词短语。例the cost of living the news of success8名词本身带有后置修饰语或含有“the + 形容词”表示一类人,其所有格用of 介词短语。例the housing problem of the poorthe skills of the workers who have been well trained9有些表示时间、距离等无生命和表示世界、国家、城

7、镇等的名词,也可以在词尾加s 或“ ”,变成相应的所有格。例five minutes walk 五分钟的路程todays newspaper 今天的报纸3.双重所有格双重所有格即“ of + 名词s 所有格”,表示整体中的一个或部分。用于修饰of前面的名词,但此时of前面的名词一定要有一个a(an,two,any,some,several,no,few, another或this,that,these,those之类的修饰语(这个修饰语一般不能是one和the。双重所有格也可由“of+名词性物主代词”构成, 如:a friend of mine 我的一位朋友。例Do you know any

8、friends of my husbands?Two classmates of my sisters will come to join us.注:在双重所有格中,用作介词补足成分的所有格的名词必须是确定特指的,而且一般指人。例an old friend of my fathers(=one of my fathers old f riends我父亲的一个老朋友this lovely baby of my aunts 我姨妈的可爱的孩子【巩固训练】1. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both

9、 of the _.A. rooms numberB. Room numberC. Rooms numberD. Room numbers解析本题应选A。起修饰作用的名词,如不表示所有关系,通常不用s。本题房间和号码不是所有关系。2. The newly-built library is a _ building.A. five-storeyB. Five storeysC. Five-storeysD. Five storeys解析本题应选D。3. - Whose umbrella is it?- Its _.A. somebody elsesB. Somebody elseC. Someb

10、odys elsesD. Somebodys else解析本题应选A。不定代词后接else , 所有格放在else 上。4. I feel terribly hot, Whats the _?A. temperature of roomB. Rooms temperatureC. Room temperatureD. Temperature of rooms解析本题应选A。5. _ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.A. The evensB. The EvensC. The EvensesD. The

11、Evenses解析本题应选B。6.The girl talking to Mary is a friend of _.A. Marys sisterB. Mary sistersC. Marys sistersD. Sister of Marys解析本题应选A。那个女孩是玛莉的姐姐的朋友。7. The woman over there is _ mother.A. Julia and ShelleysB. Julias and ShelleysC. Julia and ShelleyD. Julias and Shelley解析本题应选A。那个妇女是单数,是一个人。应该是朱莉娅和谢莉两人共同的

12、母亲。8. He is very tired. He needs _.A. a night restB. a rest nightC. a nights restD. a rest of night解析本题应选C。9.-Excuse me,where are _ offices?-Over there.A.teachersB.teachersC.the teachersD.the teachers解析本题应选D。D项的the teachers是复数名词的所有格形式,修饰复数中心名词offices。C项the teachers是单数名词所有格形式,从语法上讲不符合上下文,并且从内容上讲单个老师拥

13、有若干offices也讲不通,故舍之。A、B项前面少了定冠词the,成了泛指的offices,无法达到交际的目的,因此也不选。10. It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes round shape into a teardrop shape.A. of the dropB. the dropsC. drop ofD. drops the解析本题应选B。“It”是形式主语。“that”引导的是主语从句。主语从句的谓语是“changesinto”“把变成”。其中“into”的前后应是对

14、应的平行结构。很明显A和D都不行,不能把“changes”误作名词。C改变了“into”的平行关系。只有B既能与前边的动词“changes”衔接,又能保持“into”的平行关系。11.Today is September 10th. Its_ Day. Lets go and buy some flowers for our teachers.A. TeacherB. TeachersC. the TeachersD. Teachers解析本题应选B。注意不加冠词。2003年北京西城区、天津市和2002年长沙市试题都考查了这个知识点。12.Well have a _ holiday. What

15、 about going to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two-dayC. two-daysD. two days解析本题应选B。注意不同的表达方式:a two days holiday或a two-day holiday。13.This is my dress. That one is _.A. MaryB. MarysC. sisterD. mother解析本题应选B。one指代前面所提的dress。那件裙子是玛莉的,表示裙子属于玛莉。14. The is just around the corner and you wont miss it.A. bicy

16、cles shopB. bicycle shopC. bicycles shopD. bicycles shop解析本题应选B。名词作定语可分两种情况,一是名词所有格;二是表示中心词的性质、材料、类别或性别等时,一般直接用名词的单数形式,只有clothes, parents, goods, sports, sales 等少数几个名词必须用复数形式。此处指商店的性质,用单数形式,意思为:自行车商店就在拐角处,你不会错过它。15.The village is far away from her indeed. Its walk.A. a four hourB. a four hoursC. a f

17、our-hoursD. a four hours解析本题应选D。冠词、数词、量词和名词连用有两种形式:一种是a+数词+量词的名词所有格+名词,如果数词大于“1”,量词要用复数形式,如:a four miles journey; 另一种是:a+数词-量词+名词,这时量词要用单数形式。如:a four-mile walk.用所给词的适当形式填空:1.March 8th is _Day. (woman.2.Taking twenty _(分钟 exercise every day is good for your health.3.The shop sells _(妇女 handbags.4.Tea

18、chers in western countries have a _(三个月的 holiday ina year.5.Ill give my English teacher a card for _Day. (teacher6.Its only ten _walk from the station to the hotel. (minute7.Its an _(hour ride from here to the museum.Answers:1.Womens2. minutes3. womens4. three months5. Teachers6. minutes7. hours选择填空

19、:1.-Hows Joys skirt?-Her skirt is more beautiful than _.A.her sisters and KateB.her sister and KateC.her sister and KatesD.her sisters and Kates2.This is _ room. The twin sisters like it very much.A.Lucys and LilysB.Lucys and LilyC.Lucy and Lilys3.In _ time, those mountains will be covered with tree

20、s, too.A.few yearsB.a few yearsC.a few yearD.a few years4.We will have a _holiday after the exam.A. two monthB. twomonthC. two monthsD. twomonths5.Did you hear the _report?A. policemenB. policemensC. policemensD. policemens6.Its about _walk from my home.A. ten minuteB. ten minutesC. ten minutesD. te

21、n minutes7.This is my dress. That one is _.A. MaryB. MarysC. sisterD. mother8.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walkB. 20 minutes walkC. 20-minutes walkD. 20-minute walk 9.Where is _ sweater ? I cant see it.A. LucyB. LucysC. Lucys10._ mothers made them have piano lessons.

22、A. Peter and AnneB. Peters and AnnesC. Peters and AnneD. Peter and Annes11.The room on the right is _.A. herB. sheC. LucysD. Lucy12.Well have a _ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two days B. two-day C. two-days days holiday/two-day holiday） D. two-days（两天的假期：two 13The market isnt far fr

23、om here. Its only _ bicycle ride. A. half an hours half 14Wheres your father ? At _. A. Mr Greens B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Greens B. half an hours C. half an hour D. an hour and a 15The twin brothers always put small presents in _stockings on Christmas Day. A. each others B. each other C. each others

24、 D. each others 16My father will have a _ holiday next month. Hell take me to Qingdao. A. ten days B. ten days C. ten-days D. ten days 17Where have you been these days? I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend _. A. in Chinese B. of Japan C. of Americans D. from Canada 18When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between _. A. Ted and Ben Bens B. Teds and Ben C. Ted and Bens D. Teds and 19It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people wor