美国国家地理英文版2014年11月

1、CARNIVORES DILEMMASURVIVORS OF ITS DEADLIEST DAYNOVEMBER 2014REALSThe Strange Science of the Living Deadember 214DepartmentsNational Geographic SocietyFrom the Editor 3 Questions46EXPLORETHE FUTURE OF FOODWaste NotWILD THINGSL.A. Beekee Grasshopper SparrowsSCIENCEDng MachinePLANET EARTHStructures Ea

2、t SmogTHE FUTURE OF FOODBerry Road Trip Make Way for MilletENT WORLDSEarliest Bird PollinatorUSRetirement Ages8NG EXHIBITSGetting food from farm to fork can be tricky. Cooking, eating, and celebrating are sim- pler. Visitors to the exhibit Food: Our Global Kitchen can explore the many ways food isan

3、d moved around the world. Then they can taste seasonal treats, cook a virtual meal, and peek into famous gures dining rooms. The exhibit opens October 16 at the National Geographic Museum in Washington, D.C.NG CHANNELSince pistoric times, our appetite for meat has altered the ecosystem as well as th

4、elandscape. But at what cost? This fallas part of a new series, Eat: The Story of Foodthe National Geographic Channel tears into the subject of meat and how it tells the story of humankind. Check local listings for airdate.VISIONSYour Shot In the Loupe24Basic Instincts146PROOFOn the Cover A ladybug

5、stung by a parasitic wasp will host the wasps egg until it hatches, then protect the wasp larva as it emerges from the ladybug and spins a cocoon.Photo by Anand VarmaComment on our stories at ngsforum Friend us / natgeoTweet us onNatGeoMagFollow our photographers onnatgeostoriesproof.nationa

6、l PRINTED ON 100% PEFC-CERTIFIED PAPERSubscriptionsFor subscriptions, gift memberships, or changes of address, contact CustomerService at or call 1-800-NGS-LINE (647-5463). Outside the U.S. and Canada pleasePlease recycle.call.Contributions to the National Geographic Society are tax de

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12、 WITHIN TWO YEARS.PHOTOS: DENIS FINNIN, AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY (TOP); WYATT ROGOWSKI, NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC TELEVISIONhere.we breathe.Sucks up more dust, dirt and allergens than any other vacuum.and hard floors.*Find out more at*Testedupright market, dust-loaded, using ASTM F608, ASTM F260

13、7, and IEC60312-1 5.2, 5.9.FROM THE EDITORSherpasAfter the AvalancheOn the morning of April 18, a group of Sherpas and other Nepali climbers started out across the Khumbu Icefall, an unstable maze of frozen tow- ers and crevasses that is the deadliest stretch between the base of MountEverest and its

14、 summit. One thousand feet above them, a glacier estimated to weigh as much as 30 million pounds groaned, shifted, and crashed downthe mountain.Suddenly 16 people lay dead, buried under ice blocks the size of trucks. Dozens of others were injured in the worst disaster in the history of moun- taineer

15、ing on the worlds highest peak.In “Sorrow on the Mountain” contributing writer Chip Brownwho over the past year with photog- rapher Aaron Huey has traveled to Sherpa villages around Everestretells the story of the tragedy.They also assess the impact measured in the number of fatherless children28a c

16、anceled climbing sea- son, and perhaps, a permanent shift in practices on Everest. “You had a workforce that was romized and, to some degree, exploited at the same time,” Brown says of the Sherpas, who have supported climbers for more than a hundred years. “But the enormity of this accident will mak

17、e things that are wrong with the system impossible to ignore.”Huey, deeply touched by the disaster, helped organize a benet for the Sherpas, selling images by 13 photographers who had covered the Himalaya. More than $450,000 was raised.This months feature represents the most recent chapter in our co

18、verage, which began on national the morning of the avalanche. With the help of another experienced Everest reporter, Mark Jenkins, a steady stream of stories, maps, photos, andultimately attracted more than a millioners. Included was an online article by Brown and Huey about Sherpa culture, which yo

19、u can stillat It was originally intended for this months issue, but its relevance demanded immediate online publication. And, as an additional feature on our website, we explain how satellite imagery helped National Geographic determine the size of the fallen seracas big as an NBA basketball court.O

20、ur story in this issue is one we never wanted to tell, but it is an important, authoritative, and moving reection on a tragic event whose consequences are still being felt.This photo of prayer flags in the Himalaya by Aaron Huey was among nearly 4,000 prints sold to benefit Sherpa families.Susan Gol

21、dberg, Editor in Chief©2014 NGC Network US, LLC and NGC Network International, LLC. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC CHANNEL and the Yellow Border design are trademarks of National Geographic Society; used with permission.Inspiring people to care about the planetThe National Geographic Society is chartered

22、in Washington, D.C., as a nonprot scientic and educational organization “for the increase and diffusion of geographic knowledge.”Susan GoldbergCREATIVE DIRECTOR Bill MarrEXECUTIVE EDITORS Dennis R. DCEO Gary E. KnellINSPIRE ILLUMINATE TEACHCHIEF(Environment), Keith Jenkins (Digital),: Terry D. Garci

23、aSCIENCE ANDJamie Shreeve (Science)MEDIA: Declan MooreD RECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY Sarah LeenMANAGING EDITOR David BrindleyDEPUTY DIRECTOR: David Lindsey. DIGITAL NEWS DIRECTOR: Dan Gilgoff. SHORT-FORM DIRECTOR: Melina Gerosa BellowsMANAGEMENT/ FEATURESLEGAL AND INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING: Terry AdamsonCHI

24、EF OF STAFF: Tara Bunch: Betty Hudson: Chris JohnsNG STUDIOS: Brooke RunnetteTALENT AND DIVERSITY: Thomas A. SablóOPERATIONS: Tracie A. WinbiglerTRUSTEES: John FaheyDawn L. Arnall, Wanda M. Austin, Michael R. Bonsignore, Jean N. Case, Alexandra Grosvenor Eller, Roger A. Enrico, Gilbert M. Grosv

25、enor, William R. Harvey, Gary E. Knell, Maria E. Lagomasino, Nigel Morris, George Muñoz, Reg Murphy, Patrick F. Noonan, Peter H. Raven, Edward P. Roski, Jr., B. Fr s Saul II, Ted Waitt, Tracy R. WolstencroftGOVERNORS: Gary E. KnellVICE: Patrick F. NoonanBrendan P. Bechtel, Jack Dangermond, John

26、 Fahey, Gilbert M. Grosvenor, Marillyn Hewson, Charles O. Holliday, Jr., Lyle Logan, Julie A. McGee, William K. Reilly, Anthony A. WilliamsADVISORSDarlene T. Anderson, Michael S. Anderson, Sarah Argyropoulos, Dawn L. Arnall, Lucy and Henry Billingsley, Richard C. Blum, Sheila and Michael Bonsignore,

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30、d Douglas Carlston,Tracy R. Wolstencroft, B. Wu and Eric Larson, Clara Wu Tsai, Jeffrey M. ZellCOMMITTEE: Peter H. RavenVICE: John M. Fr sPaul A. Baker, Kamaljit S. Bawa, Colin A. Chapman, Keith Clarke, J. Emmett Duffy, Carol P. Harden, Kirk Johnson, Jonathan B. Losos, John OLoughlin, Naomi E. Pierc

31、e, Jeremy A. Sabloff, Monica L. Smith, Thomas B. Smith, Wirt H. WillsEXPLORERS-IN-RESIDENCERobert Ballard, Lee R. Berger, James Cameron, Sylvia Earle, J. Michael Fay, Beverly Joubert, Dereck Joubert, Louise Leakey, Meave Leakey, Enric Sala, Spencer WellsFELLOWSDan Buettner, Sean Gerrity, Fredrik Hie

32、bert, Zeb Hogan, Corey Jaskolski, Mattias Klum, Thomas Lovejoy, Greg Marshall, Sarah Parcak, Sandra Postel, Paul Salopek, Joel Sartore, Barton SeaverTREASURER: Barbara J. Constantz FINANCE: Michael Ulica DEVELOPMENT: Bill Warren SUSTAINABILITY: Hans H. WegnerTECHNOLOGY: Jonathan YoungMargaret G. Zac

33、kowitz. EDITORS: Patricia Edmonds, Peter Gwin, John Hoeffel, Robert Kunzig, Glenn Oeland, Oliver Payne, Victoria Pope, Jane Vessels.Jeremy Berlin, Christine DellAmore, Brian Clark Howard, Jane J. Lee, CathyChristina Nunez, Laura Parker, Rachel Hartigan Shea, Daniel Stone, Dan Vergano, A. R. Williams

34、. CONTRIBUTING: Caroline Alexander, Don Belt, Joel K. Bourne, Jr., Chip Brown, Robert Draper, Cynthia Gorney, Peter Hessler, Jennifer S. Holland, Mark Jenkins, Peter Miller, David QuammenSPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS: Bryan Christy.Catherine Zuckerman: Ashleigh N. DeLuca, Becky Little,DEPUTY DIRECTOR: Ken

35、Geiger. BUSINESS MANAGER: Jenny Trucano. SENIOR PHOTO EDITORS:PHOTOGRAPHYKathy Moran (Natural History), Kurt Mutchler (Science); Coburn Dukehart,Gabriner, KimHubbard, Todd James, Elizabeth Krist, Sadie Quarrier, Nicole Werbeck. PHOTO: Mallory Benedict, Sherry L. Brukbacher, Adrian Coakley, Janna Dot

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39、, Sandi Owatverot-Nuzzo, Daniela Santamarina, Anna Scalamogna, Matthew Twombly: Devon Maresco, Cinde ReichardDEPUTY MANAGING EDITOR: Amy Kolczak. RESEARCH DIRECTOR:S. Jones. COPY EDITORS:COPY/ RESEARCHKitry Krause, Cindy Leitner, Mary Beth Oelkers-Keegan, Leanne Sullivan. RESEARCHERS: Christy Ullric

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42、k,Jason Kurtis,Lunn, Spencer Millsap, Jennifer Murphy, Jason Orfanon, Shannon Sanders, Hans WeiseASSISTANT TO CHIEF CONTENT OFFICER: Karen Dufort Sligh. ASSISTANT TO EDITOR IN CHIEF: Lindsay N.Smith. SCHEDULING: Carol L. Dumont. FINANCE: Julie Rushing; Nikisha Long; Laura Flanagan, Emily Tye. PRE-PR

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51、n (Fin al Planning and Retail Sales), John A. Seeley(International). DIRECTORS: Anne Barker (Renewals), Richard Brown (New Business)national geographicnovember vintage and modern world map included!Celebrate the 100thof NationalGeographic cartography with this stunning, state-of-the-art portrait of

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54、oryatlas of Native American history and culture available covering the story of the tribes through maps, photos, art, and archival cartography.froment times tothe present day.AVAILABLE WHEREVER BOOKS ARE SOLDNational Geographic is dedicated to exploring our world and sharing exciting stories and dis

55、coveries. We invite you to explore with us at Like us on Follow us on: Nat Geo Books: NatGeoBooks© 2014 National Geographic Society3 QuestionsNominate someone for 3 Questions at nationalgeograp /3Q .Seek the Inner GeekAstrophysicist and author Neil deGrasse Tyson is director of the Hayden Plane

56、tarium in the Rose Center for Earth and Space at the American Museum of Natural History. He was also hostof the National Geographic television series C osm os.CAN SCIENCE SAVE US?I dont know if science can save us. What I do know is that the absence of science will kill us. If you look at the im- pr

57、ovement in quality of life around the world, it is entirely brought about by advances in science and technology.WHY IS IT CRUCIAL TO INTEREST ADULTS IN SCIENCE?In most adults Ive met, there is some ember within that carries their soul of curiosity. For some it is almostextinguished and needs to be fanned. For others its like a pilot light. You just have to put some ext