小学英语知识点汇总

1、小学英语知识点汇总一.学生易错词汇1. a, an的用法: 元音开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a。例如：a book ,an old book ,a new book， an apple, a big apple,a university student(注：university是以元音字母开头，但发辅音)2. am , is , are的用法: I 用 am , you 用 are，第三人称单数用is , 复数人称用are。be动词用法口诀：我用am，你用are,单数is，复数are。I am ,You are ,He is ,She is ,It is,We are ,They a

2、re3. have , has 的用法：第三人称单数用has , 除第三人称单数以外用have。I have ，You have ,He has,She has,It has,We have,They havehave/has的用法口诀：have,has表示“有”，位置就在主语后。 “三单”主语用has，其他人称用have。4. there is, there are 的用法:表示某地有某物，某人。there is +单数或不可数名词, there are+复数There is a book on the desk. There is some water in the cup.There a

3、re some trees near the river.5. some, any 的用法: some用于肯定句或表示委婉语气的疑问句, any用于疑问句和否定句I have some books. Would you like some tea?Can I have some tea?Do you see any monkeys? There arent any ducks in the river.6. can, cant, lets, dont, should，will后面一定要用动词原形She can sing a song.Lets play football.Dont be lat

4、e! You should water the plant every day.She will go to the zoo tomorrow.二、名词复数的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s, 如:girl-girls, book-books, pen-pens2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词后加-es, 如:class-classes, bus- buses, glassglasses,class-classes,dressdresses,box-boxes watch-watches, dishdishes 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y 为i 再加-es, 如:city-c

5、ities, country- countries，butterfly-butterflies, library libraries , baby- babies, strawberry-strawberries, company-companies,factory-factories hobby-hobbies4.以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v再加-es, 如:knife-knives, leaf-leaves,shelf-shelves5.以o 结尾的加-es或-s, 如: tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, mango-mangoes,zoo-zoos,

6、 photo-photos,piano-pianos,radio-radios6.特殊变法：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,goose-geese, child-children, sheepsheep, people- people, fish- fish mouse-mice,deer-deer,Chinese-Chinese三、形容词的比较级1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-er ，如:small-smaller ,

7、short-shortertall-taller,strong-stronger ,oldolder, young-younger, long-longer 2.以辅音字母+y结尾的, 变y 为i 再加-er, 如: heavy-heavier，funny-funnier,happy-happier,early-earlier 3.以重读闭音节,一个辅音字母结尾的,双写该字母,再加-er 如:big-bigger, thin-thinner,fat-fatter4.以e结尾加r,如：nice-nicer,late-later5.多音节词在原级前加more: beautifulmore beau

8、tiful5.特殊变法：goodbetter比较等级变化规律口诀：比较级要变化，一般词尾加-er。词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以。如遇重读闭音节，单个辅音字母要双写。辅音字母加y，字母y摇身改为i。形容词若是多音节，只把more来前面加。四、反义词1.black -white 2.new old 3.old- young 4.short -long 5.big small 6.tall- short 7.yes no 8.open- close 9.hot- cold 10.here- there 11.thin- fat 12.right- wrong 13.left- right 14.

9、go -come 15. good- bad 16.cool-warm17.win-lose 18.late-early 19.up-down 20.hungry-full21.different-same2 2.first-last 23.heavylight 24.sit-stand 25.behind-in front of 26.cheap-expensive 27.over-under 28.happy-sad 29.far-near 30.always-never 31.north-south 32.west-east 33.weak-strong 34.before-after

10、五基数词和序数词一、二、三变字体，onefirst,two-second,three-thirdth从四上起，four-fourth six-sixth seven-seventh八加h,九减e,eight-eighth ,nine-ninthf来把ve替，five-fifth,twelve-twelfthty变成tie,twenty-twentieth,thirty-thirtieth若是遇到几十几，十是基来个是序,twenty-one-twenty-first六代词人称代词物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性I我me我my我的mine我的you你，你们you你，你们your你的，你们的yours

11、你的，你们的he 他him他his他的his他的she她her她her她的hers她的it它it它its它的its它的we我们us 我们our我们的ours我们的they 他们（她们，它们）them他们（她们，它们）their他们的（她们的，它们的）theirs他们的（她们的，它们的）七、完全、缩略形式1.Im=I am 2.hes=he is 3.shes=she is 4.it's=it is 5.theyre=they are 6.youre=you are 7.theres=there is 8.cant=can not 9.dont=do not 10. doesnt=doe

12、s not11.isnt=is not 12. arent=are not 13.lets=let us14. wont=will not 15.Ill=I will 16.who's= who is17.what's =what is 18. wheres =where is 19.we're= we are 20.that's =that is 21. Ive= I have 22. Id= I would 23.hasnt =has not 24.didnt=did not 25.wasnt=was not26.werent =were not八、同音词1

13、. to- too - two 2. right- write 3. no -know 4. for- four 5. hear- here 6.Ii-I -eye 7. Cc-see - sea 8. son -sun 9.Bb- be - bee 10. there -their 11.buy bye-by 1 2. pair -pear 13.where-wear14.Pp-pea 15.Rr-are 16.Tt-tea 17.Uu-you 18.Yy-why 19.dear-deer20.meat-meet 21.high-hi 22.hour-our 23.flour-flower

14、24.week-weak九句子的时态四 种 时 态 顺 口 溜现在进行时： 动作正发生，要用进行时。am /is/ are 走在前，现在分词跟在后。一般现在时：表达经常做的事，要用一般现在时。第三人称作主语，动词后面加s/es。其它人称作主语，动词只需用原形。一般将来时：介绍将要发生的事，记住要用将来时。be going to后面跟原形,be的形式随主语变。一般过去时：过去发生的事，要用一般过去时，动词要用过去式。过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加-ed，特殊变化要牢记。1一般现在时态：表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。规律：一般用动词原形，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词用三单形式。标志性的单

15、词：always , usually , often , sometimes ，every day,如：She usually goes to school on foot.动词的三单形式：do-does,go-goes,watch-watches, catch-catches teach-teaches,fly-flies,study-studies,tidy-tidies,empty-empties,wash-washes ,have-has2现在进行时态：表示说话时正在发生或进行着的动作。规律：be + 动词 ing 形式，标志性的单词：look , now , listen ,如：Lo

16、ok , the boy is playing football .动词的ing形式的构成规则： 一般直接在动词后面加ing , 如:doing , going , working , singing , eating 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e再加ing,如:have-having ,write- writing,ride-riding,make-making,dive-diving,take-taking,skate-skating, dance-dancing,drive-driving, 双写最后一个辅音字母，在加ing：running , swimming , sitting现

17、在分词构成口诀：现在分词用途多，进行时态不可缺。它的构成很好记，动词后缀ing。词尾若有哑音e，去e再加没问题。一辅重读闭音节，这个字母要双写。3一般将来时态：表示将来发生的动作或情况。规律：be going to +动词原形 , will +动词原形(第一人称可以用shall+动词原形)，标志性的单词：tomorrow , next weekend ， 如：I am going to visit Beijing tomorrow .I will visit Beijing tomorrow .I shall visit Beijing tomorrow4一般过去时态：表示过去某一时间内发生的

18、动作或情况。标志性的单词：yesterday , last weekend,如：He went to the park yesterday.动词过去式:(1)一般情况动词后面加ed , 如：watch-watched, wash-washed, clean-cleaned, play-played, visit-visited, cook-cooked, row-rowed, learn-learned, climb-climbed(2)以不发音e结尾的动词加d就可以了； 如：dance-danced(3)以辅音加y结尾的动词把y改成i再加ed ； 如：study studied 动词过去式变

19、化规则口诀：过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加-ed。如果词尾有个e,只要直接加个-d。结尾若是“辅+y”, 变y为i加-ed。“一辅重闭”作词尾，双写之后加-ed。过去式用于过去时，表示过去发生的事。 (4)不规则变化：do-did,go-went,read-read,fly-flew,swim-swam, sing-sang,take-took,have-had,buy-bought,see-saw,leave-left, get-got,is-was,am-was,are-were,say-said,tell-told,draw-drew, comecame,lose-lost,find-found,drink-drank,hurt-hurt,feelfelt,eat-ate,make-made,read-read,win-won十.句型转换1、 肯定句变否定句：（1）动词be的句子则“be+not”，可缩写成“isnt，arent,wasnt,werent”，但am not 不能缩写。肯定句：She is reading a book.否定句：She isnt reading a book.肯定句：She was busy yesterday.否定句