高中英语语法-分词上课讲义

1、分词的用法高中英语语法-分词分词的用法语态语态形式形式及物动词及物动词writeVi. go主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态主动语态现在现在分词分词一般式一般式writingbeing writtengoing完成式完成式having writtenhaving been writtenhaving gone过去分词过去分词writtengone说说 明明及物动词过去分词有被动及完成的意义，不及物动及物动词过去分词有被动及完成的意义，不及物动词的过去分词没有被动的意义。词的过去分词没有被动的意义。分词的否定形式由分词的否定形式由 not + 分词构成。分词构成。分词在句中作定语、状语、

2、表语和补语。分词在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。对比两类动词、两种分词形式的两类动词、两种分词形式的分词的用法Crusoe hurried home, looking behind as he went.Laughing and talking, they went out of the hall.Did you notice his hand shaking?2. 现在分词完成式主动语态：表示分词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已经现在分词完成式主动语态：表示分词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已经完成。完成。eg.Having finished his breakfast, he took his f

3、ishing things and went into his boat.Not having done it right, I tried again.分词的用法3. 现在分词一般式被动语态：表示一个被动动作正在进行。现在分词一般式被动语态：表示一个被动动作正在进行。eg.The car being repaired belongs to Mr. Smith.4. 现在分词完成式被动语态：表示分词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已经现在分词完成式被动语态：表示分词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已经完成完成。eg.The large building being built down the stree

4、t will be a hospital.Having been shown the labs, we were taken to see the library.Having been questioned, the murderer was thrown into prison.分词的用法 过去分词只有一个形式，过去分词只有一个形式， 及物动词的过去分词有完成和被动的意义；及物动词的过去分词有完成和被动的意义；不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成的意义，而没有被动的意义。不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成的意义，而没有被动的意义。 eg.The visitors looked surprised.A

5、re you married or single?She had her hair dressed yesterday.You may have your work done if you are too busy.Heated, water will change into steam.Encouraged by his teachers words, Robby tried again and succeeded in the end.过去分词过去分词分词的用法分词和分词短语的用法分词和分词短语的用法1. 作作定语定语 单纯分词作定语前置，分词短语作定语后置单纯分词作定语前置，分词短语作定

6、语后置。eg.Ask the children to keep away from the running machine.The man giving a talk is a professor from the USA.Miss Green is a teacher loved by all the students.The boy crying there lost his way home.The boiling water is giving out steam.The people injured in the accident last week are still in hos

7、pital.分词的用法Living in the next door, I know him very well.Not knowing what to do, he turned to his father.Having been set free, the doctor discovered the terrible wrongs that the nobles had done to the poor.The man got on a taxi, taking a suitcase in his hand.Surrounded by a lot of newsmen, the mayor

8、 of the city felt he had to say something.Deeply moved by the story, their eyes were full of tears.Helped by her friend, she worked out the problem in the end.表示时间、伴随、方式、原因等。表示时间、伴随、方式、原因等。eg.2. 作作状语状语分词的用法3. 作作表语表语说明主语怎么样。说明主语怎么样。 eg.The whole family felt excited about Grandpas arrival.The story so

9、unds very exciting.The little boy seemed frightened.He was so excited at the good news that he could hardly fall asleep.That they had won the game was surprising.What the father had said was really encouraging.People of the whole country were encouraged when they heard the news that their army had defeated the enemy.分词的用法4. 作作宾补宾补补充说明宾语怎么样或正在做什么。补充说明宾语怎么样或正在做什么。 eg.I often see him doing morning exercises in the open air.He could feel his heart beating very fast.He went to his office early only to find it broken into.Have you had your temperature taken? The computer doesnt wo