英语必修ⅰ人教新课标同步知识点学练考定语从句-关系代词

1、定语从句-关系代词2【教法探析】定语定义：定语定义：定语定语用来限定、修饰用来限定、修饰名词名词或或代词代词的，是对名词的，是对名词或代词起或代词起修饰、限定修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用汉语中常用的的表示。表示。 3定语概述定语概述Attributive Clause （定语从句）（定语从句）Tip1:Tip1:在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语定语从句从句。Tip2:Tip2:被定语从句修饰的词，叫被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词先行词。Tip3:Tip3:引导从句的词，叫引导从句的词，叫关联词关联词。4引导定语从句的

2、关联词有：分类关联词关系代词that, which （在从句中作主语或宾语）who, whom（在从句中作主语或宾语）whose（在从句中作定语）1.引导定语从句。引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。在定语从句中担当一个成分。关联词的作用：关联词的作用：5The boy who is reading needs the pen.先行词先行词关联词关联词定语从句定语从句先行词：被修饰限定的词先行词：被修饰限定的词关系词：引导定语从句的词关系词：引导定语从句的词定语从句：一个句子充当定语定语从句：一个句子充当定语单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。

3、单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 6（一）关系代词 that（1）A car is a machine that can carry me to school. （2）Mr. Wang is the teacher that we all like. 作主语，指物作宾语，指人That 作主语，宾语，指人，指物7(二) 关系代词 which（1）They watered the trees which were still young. （2）The vegetables w

4、hich we bought yesterday are died.作主语，指物作宾语，指物指物，作主语或宾语8（三） who (1) The students who are singing are from the No.1 Middle School.(作主语，指人)（四）whom (1) The young man to whom I just talked is my friend.(2)That is the man whom I met in Beijing last year.指人，做to的宾语指人，作宾语指人，作宾语9（五）whose（1）Do you know the ma

5、n whose house was burned down. (2) I like the house whose window faces south.指人，作定语指物，作定语10关联词在从句中所作的成分先行词的类别关联词的选择主语主语人人物物who/thatwhich/that【学法引导】11Yao Ming is a good man.People all like him.He is a good man whom / that people all like.12关联词在从句中所作的成分先行词的类别关联词的选择宾语宾语人人物物whom/that/who/省略省略which/that/

6、省略省略13 He loves He loves basketballbasketball. . He plays He plays basketballbasketball very well. very well.He loves basketball which/that he plays very well.14关联词在从句中所作的成分先行词的类别关联词的选择 定语定语人人物物whosewhose15He is a famous basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He is a famous basketball player whose wife

7、 is Ye Li.He has a wife.Her name is Ye Li.He has a wife whose name is Ye Li.16关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：指人指物subject (主语)object (宾语)attribute（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose17关系代词的用法（1）如果先行词是all，much，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which.例如：All the people that

8、 are present burst into tears.（2）如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，mush，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which，who，或whom.例如：（3）which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition，which made his parents very happy

9、.（4）that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。18 （5）which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征。品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。（6）如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which；若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who.（7）先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that.例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.（8）如果先行词是anyone，anybody

10、，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用which.例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you？19Which baby is JackWhich baby is Jack? ?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。The baby is Jack.The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redwho is wearing red trousersJack【模拟练习】20Which house is mineWhich house is mine? ?

11、My house房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brown21The question_ I dont understand is about grammar.(that/which)指物: that/which (宾语,可省略)22Yesterday she talked with one woman _ husband died in that accident.A. which B. whoseC. of which D. thatB关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用关系代词表示先行词的所属关系，指人和物时都用whose,

12、whose,可理解为可理解为“的的”23【真题再现】 （2012 上海卷）Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from you received gifts A. which B. them C. that D. whom【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。介词+关系代词中只能用which或whom根据先行词是relatives(亲戚)为人选whom。from whom=and from them。句意：你从亲戚那儿收到了礼物后，有没有给他们发感谢信？24(2011 新课标卷）The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.A. that B. which C