初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

1、初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表名称用法动词形式以do为例常用时间状语例句般现在 时1. 现在的状态2. 经常性或习 惯性的动作3. 主语具备的 性格或能力/We/You/They do.He/She/lt does.in the morning/afternoon/ morningevery day/morning/Sunday on Sundayalways usually often sometimes1.She is twelve.2.I get up at 6:30 everyday.3.She likes swimming.般过 去 时1. 过去某时发 生的动作或存 在的状态2. 过

2、去经常或 反复发生的动 作/We did.You did.He/She/lt did.They did.yesterday(morning/afternoon) last night/Sunday in 1990 two days ago always usually often sometimes1.I got up at 6:30 yesterday.2.He always went to work by bus last year.般 将 来 时1. 将来某时间 要发生的动或 存在的状态2. 将来经常或 反复发生的动作shall do.'m going to do.We/You/

3、They/He/She/ t will do.We/You/They are goingto do.He/She/It is going todo.tomorrow(morning/afternoon/evening)next year/month/week1.1 will go to my home town next week.2.1 'll come to see you every Sunday.3.I'm going to swim tomorrow afternoon.现在进行时现在或当前一 段时间内正在 进行或发生的 动作rm doing.He/She/It is

4、 doing.We/You/They are doingnow1.She is watering the flowers.2. Are they working now?3. They are listening to the teacher.过进行时过去某一时刻或某一段正在进行的动作I/He/She/It was doingWe/You/They were doingthis time yesterdayat ten o'clock yesterdayat that timewhen he came back1.We were reading in class this time y

5、esterday2.I was drawing a picturewhen the teachercame in.现在1.过去发生或 已经完成的某He/She/It has done.already just before neverWe/You/They havefor three years1.I've already posted the letter.完成时一动作对现在 造成的影响或 结果2.表示过去已 经开始并持续 到现在的动作 或状态donesince 1990this morningthese days2. We have known each other for ten

6、 years.3. They lived here since 1997.4. Have you ever been to Beijing?过 去 完 成 时过去某一时间 前已经发后的 动作或状态l/We/You/He/She/lthad done by the end of when+ 一般过去时 before+ 一般过去时1.I had learned 2000 words by the end of last term.2.When I got out,the bus had already left.现在 完 成 进 行 时现在以前的一 段时间里一直 进行的动作， 这个运作可能 仍在进

7、行,也 可能继续进行 下去/We/You/They have been doing He/She/It has been doing .since nine o' clockfor five hours1.I have been skating for five hours.2.She has been skating since nine o' clock.初中英语时态专项练习1、一般现在时。通常用 “ usually, ofte n, every day, sometimes 。一般现在时根本用法介绍一、一般现在时的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky

8、is blue.天空是蓝色的。2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3. 表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时的构成：肯定句：1) .主语+系动词be(is, am, are )+ 名词形容词，介词短语2) .其他主语+动词原形+其它第三人称单数+动词-s+其它如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。We study En glish.我们学习英语。 Mary likes Chi nese.玛丽喜欢汉语。般现在时的变化他不是工否认句：1)主语 + be is

9、,am,are + not + 其它。 女口： He is not a worker.人。2) 其他主语 +do not(don 't) 动词原形 +其它I don't like bread第三人称单数 +does not(doesn 't) 动词原形 +其它 He doesn't often play.一般疑问句： 1)BeIs,Are +主语+其它?如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.2)Do 其他主语 +动词原形 +其它？Does+第三人称单数+动词原形+其它+?注意：遇 I/we yo

10、u, my your, some any.Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.特殊疑问句： 疑问词 +一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?How does your father go to work?2、现在进行时。通常用“ now/look/listen .1 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在 进行的动作。2现在进行时

11、的结构：肯定句 ： 主语 +be is,am,are + 动词现在分词 -ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.否认句： 主语+be is,am,are +not + 动词现在分词-ing一般疑问句： Is(Are)+ 主语+动词现在分词 -ing ？ 特殊疑问： 疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing?3. 动词加 ing 的变化规那么1 )一般情况下，直接加 ing ，如： cook-cooking2) 以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing

12、，如： make-making, taste-tasting3) 如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing ，如： run-running, stop-stopping,swimswimming3 、 一般过去时态一般过去时通常用“ a mome nt ago, just now, yesterday, last 等。1 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一 般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为waso was not=wasn' tare在一

13、般过去时中变为 were。 were not=weren ' t带有was或were的句子，其否认、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否认句在 was或were后加not，般疑问句把 was或were调到句首。3. 行为动词的一般过去时变化肯定句Positive动词过去式I went shopping last night.否认句(Negative)didn ' t +动词原形I didn ' t go shopping last night.一般疑问句(Yes/No)Did+动词原形？Did you go shopping last night?特殊疑问句(w

14、h-)What did+动词原形？What did you do last night?4.动词过去式的变化:规那么动词的变化：一般动词+edplanted,watered,climbed以不发音的e结尾+dliked辅音字母加y结尾-y+ iedstudy_ studied, cry- cried重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写最后一个字母+edstop -stopped plan - planned不规那么动词的变化:原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式sweepsweptteachtaughthavehadgowentkeepkeptthinkthoughtdodidfind

15、foundsleepsleptbuyboughteatatesaysaidfeelfeltdrinkdrankis/amwastaketookreadreadgivegaveareweremeanmeantputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbeganspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawflyflewrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/ learntgetgotknowknew

16、5.特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如： Who we nt to home yesterday?4、一般将来时概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、方案或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, n ext day(week, mon th, year),so on, the day after tomorrow 后天等。1. 根本结构：主语+be (is,am,are)going to +动词原形.主语 +will+ 动词原形 .2. 否认句： 主语 +be (is

17、,am,are)+not +going to +动词原形.主语+will +not(won ' t)+ 动词原形 .例如：I ' m going to have a pic nic this after noon.I ' m not going to have a pic nic thisafternoon.3. 一般疑问句：Is(Are)+主语+going to + 动词原形.+?Will+主语+动词原形+?例: We are going to go on an outing this weekend.t Are you going to go on an outi

18、ng this weeke nd?Yes,we are.No,we aren' t.Will he go to Beijing next week?Yes,he will.No,he won't.4. 对划线局部提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线局部有三种情况。1) . 问人。Who 例如：I ' m going to New York soon.tWh6 s going to NewYork soon.2) . 问干什么。What d o.例如： My father is going to watch a race with methis after noon. tW

19、hat is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3) . 问什么时候。When.例如：She' s going to go to bed at nine.tWhen is she going tobed?5. 同义句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow 明天 . = I willgo swimming tomorrow.5. 过去进行时：肯定句：主语+助动词 be (was,were)+ 动词现在分词 -ing+ 其它 否认句：主语+助动词 be (wa

20、s,were)+not+ 动词现在分词 -ing+ 其它 一般疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+动词现在分词-ing+其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词 +was(were)+ 动词现在分词 -ing+ 其它 ?用法:1 、表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作， 往往有表示过去的时间状语 then, at that time, this time yesterday 等，或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作即与 when, while 引出的时间状语 从句连用。例: They were talking about a film at six yesterday evening.昨晚 6 点他们正在谈论一部电影。

21、What were you doing at this time last week?上周的这个时候你在干什么？When the teacher came in, they were talking.老师进来时，他们在讲话。2、表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作。例: They were swimmi ng from two to three yesterday after noon.昨天下午 2 点至 U 3 点他们在游泳。She was watching TV the whole morning.她整个上午在看电视。3、 表示过去将要发生的动作。例： He said he was leavi

22、ng on Tuesday. Tom said he was going tomorrow.4、用过去进行时描写故事背景。 例： It was getting dark. The wind was rising.他说他周二动身。汤姆说他明天去。天渐渐黑了下来，风势增强了。队伍在前The procession was going. He was standing among the crowd looking on. 进。他站在人群中观看。6. 现在完成时构成：肯疋句：主语+助动词have has+动词过去分词-ed否认句： 主语 +助动词 have has+not(haven 't,h

23、asn 't)+ 动词过去分词 -ed一般疑问句：Have(Has)+ 主语 +动词过去分词 -ed+ ？特殊疑问句：疑问词 +have(has)+ 主语 +动词过去分词 -ed+ ？用法：1、 表示说话之前已完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在是情况仍有影响。常被 just,already,yet 等副词修饰。Mr. Wang has just come back from America.王先生刚从美国回来。2现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有 for 或 since 等表示一段 时间的状语。如： Mr Wang has lived here since 1

24、983.3. 现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 常见终止性动词与延续性动词 ( 或状态动词 ) 的对应关系如下 :come / go / arrive / get / reach / move- be in/at open - be open deadclose - be closed-be borrow - keep buy - have begin / start be on end/finish be overjoin the army be in the army,die - bebecomeput on - wearleave be away (from)

25、 fall asleep be asleepcatch a cold have a coldbe a soldierjoin the Party be in the Party , be a Party member例：吉姆买这支已有两年了。Jim bought this pen two years ago.Jim has had this pen for two years.Jim has had this pen since two years ago.Jim has had this pen since 2007It is two years since Jim bought this

26、pen.4. 在表示“最近几世纪/年/月以来时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days ；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等5. 表示“第几次做某事，或在“ It is the best (worst, most interesting ) + 名词 + that 后面跟现在完成时。例： This is my firs

27、t time that I have visited China.This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.That is the only book that he has written.6. have / has been to + 地点意为“曾去过某地 ，暗含目前已不在该地，仅表示当事人的 一种经历而已。have / has gone to + 地点“到了某地去了，暗含“已离开原地去了某地之意，但是否到 达了某地尚不确定。如：He has gone to Shanghai.他去了上海。He has been to Shangh

28、ai. 他去过了上海。7. 现在完成进行时表示一个动作从过去某时开始，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。常与表示一 段时间的状语，如： for two hours,since early morning,these few days等连用。构成：肯定句：主语+助动词 have(has)+been+ 动词现在分词 -ing 否认句：主语+助动词 have(has)+not+been+ 动词现在分词 -ing 一般疑问句：Have(Has)+主语+ been+动词现在分词-ing+? 特殊疑问句： 疑问词+ have(has)+主语+ been+动词现在分词-ing+?例： It has

29、been raining for three hours.We have been waiting here since an hour ago.How long has it been raining?雨下多久了？She has been sitting there for more than 2 hours.他已经在那坐了两个小时了。We've been seeing quite a lot of each otherrecently. 最近我们常见面。He has been telephoning me several times in two days.这两天他打好几次 给我。

30、考前须知：与现在完成时相比， 现在完成进行时更强调： 在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态 一直持续或一直反复出现。8. 过去完成时构成：肯定句：主语+助动词had +动词过去分词-ed+其它否认句：主语+助动词had +not(hadn ' t)+动词过去分词 -ed+其它一般疑问句；Had+主语+动词过去分词-ed+其它+ ?特殊疑问句： 疑问词+had +主语+动词过去分词-ed+其它+ ?例： There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book