英语句型专练-There-be句型讲解和练习(共10页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上简单句的九大基本句型一、简单句的九大基本句型1. “主语 + 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同，说明“某人或某物如何动作”，或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。例：They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析：“他们”(主语)“到了”(谓语动作)。The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。2. “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)这一句型英汉语言的结

2、构形式完全相同，用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”，或者说“某人或某物发出了动作，并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。例：I study English.分析：“我”(主语)“学习”(谓语动作)“英语”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。3. “主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”(主谓双宾)这一句型英汉语序结构相同，说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”，或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象，其中一个间接对象为人，另一个为物”。例：Our teacher taught us English.分析：“我们的老师”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“我们”(间接宾语)

3、“英语”(直接宾语)。4. “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”(主谓宾补)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。例： He asked her to go there.分析：“他”(主语)“要求”(谓语动作)“她”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“去那里”(补语补充说明宾语应做什么)。5. “主语 + have + 宾语”(即“拥有”句型)这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么(宾语，即有形或无形的资源)”。例： You have a nice watch. 你有一块漂亮的手表分析：“你”拥有一块漂亮的手表，即你拥有一个可以及时且漂亮的器具。6.

4、“There + be + 主语+ ”(即“存在”句型)这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或物”。例：There is a bird in the tree. 在树上有一只鸟。分析：“在树上”(地点)“有一只鸟”(存在物)。7. “主语 + 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be, keep，lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, s

5、ound, taste, 等。例： I am a teacher. 我是一名老师分析：“我”(主语)“是”(系动词)“一名老师”(表语即表明主语的身份)。She felt very tired. 她感觉到很累。He became an engineer.他成为了一名工程师。You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天脸色看起来苍白，病了吗?8. 比较句型这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。1) 相等比较: as + 形容词/副词原级 + as;as + 形容词+名词 + as例：He is as rich as John.他和约翰一样富有。例：He has as

6、 much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多2) 劣等比较： less + 形容词/副词原级 + than 例：He is less careful than she. 他没她细心。3) 优等比较：+ 形容词/副词比较级 + than ;the + 形容词/副词比较级 + of the two例：She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。例： He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。4)最高级：the + 形容词/副词最高级(单数名词或one)+ of(among) + 人或物in + 场所例

7、： He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。9. “it + is/was + 形容词 + to do/从句”(即评价句型)这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。即对某一动作或事情进行评价。(这里it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to do 结构或 that 从句)例：It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。分析：本句重在说明“学习一门外语”(to learn a foreign language)这一动作的性质是“重要的”。 There be句型 There be句

8、型1、定义： There be 结构主要用以表达 “某地有某人(某物)”。其基本句型为“There be +某物或某人(主语) + 某地”2、be动词的选择： There be 结构中的谓语动词be（is / are）在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is ；主语是复数时用are。 3、具体结构：(1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. E.g. There is a desk in the classroom. 在教室里有一张桌子。 (2) There are + 复数名词+ 地点状语. E.g. There are 5 app

9、les in the box. 盒子里有五个苹果。 (3) There be +人+doing sth + 地点状语. 口诀： “有”字放前面，有“啥”放中间； 时间地点放后面； 单数is, 复数are 注意be的两变化。 4、句型变化： (1)、否定句：there be的否定式通常在be后加not。 E.g. There is a bike under the tree. 树下有一辆自行车。 There isn't a bike under the tree. E.g. There are 2 little girls in the room.在房间里有两个小女孩。 There ar

10、en't 2 little girls in the room. (2)、一般疑问句及其答语： 1、一般疑问句：把be动词提前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。 2、回答时，“用什么问，就用什么答”，用Is / Are there来提问，就用there is / are来回答。 肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't. E.g. 1、There are two cats in the tree.树上有两只猫。 Are there two cats in the tree? Yes, there are.

11、 No, there aren't. . 2、There is a computer on the desk . 在桌子上有一台电脑。 Is there a computer on the desk？ Yes, there is. No, there isn't.课堂练习：1. There is a new bed and an old desk in the room .否定句 一般疑问句 否定回答 (3)特殊疑问句：There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用 “Whos + 介词短语?”；当主语是物时，用 “Whats + 介词短语?”。

12、其中there在口语中常常省略。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There is a bird in the tree. Whats in the tree? There are some bikes over there. Whats over there?There is a little girl in the room. Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：用 “Where is are + 主语?”表示（注意其答语变化）：例如： There is a computer in my offi

13、ce. Where is the computer? -Its in my office. There are four children in the classroom. Where are the four children?They re in the classroom. 对数量提问：一般有两种提问方式： 如果主语是可数名词，无论是单数还是复数，都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？”表示：There are twelve months in a year. How many months are there in a year?There i

14、s only one book in my bag. How many books are there in your bag?There is a cat in the box. How many cats are there in the box?如果主语是不可数名词，则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？”表示：There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse? 5、some和any在“there be”句型中的用法： some 一些（some用于肯定句）

15、any 一些（any用于否定句和一般疑问句） 注意：There be句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时，要注意把句中的some变成any。 E.g.1、There is some water in the bottle .在瓶子里有一些水。 There isn't any water in the bottle.（否定句） Is there any water in the bottle？（一般疑问句） 2、There are some children in the picture. 图片里有一些小孩。 There aren't any children in the pictu

16、re. （否定句） Are there any children in the picture？（一般疑问句）课堂练习：1. - Are there _ shops near here? - No, there are _ shops near here. A. some, not  B. some, any    C. any, not   D. any, no 2There are some tables on the floor.（变为否定句） 6、就近原则： there是个近视眼。若句子中有几个并列的主语时, be的形式要与离

17、其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。 E.g. 1.There is a pen, two pencils and some books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔、两支铅笔和一些书。 2.There are two pencils, a pen and some books on the desk. 书桌上有两支铅笔、一支钢笔和一些书。3.There some books，two pencils and a pen on the desk. 书桌上有一些书、两支铅笔和一支钢笔。课堂练习：There milk and eggs on the table .在桌子上有牛奶和鸡蛋

18、。 There eggs and milk on the table. 7、“there be” 和“have”的区别 There be表示“存在有” ；have（has）表示“所属有”他们都翻译为“有”，但具体用法不相同，且两种结构不能同时合用。 E.g.1、I have a book .我有一本书。 （注：书归我所有，我是书的主人。 所属有） 2、There is a book on the desk .在桌子上有一本书。 （注：书只是存在于桌子上，但书不属于桌子所有。 存在有）（2）变式练习 一、用恰当的be动词填空。 1. There _a map on the wall. 2. Th

19、ere _many things on her desk. 3. There _a big dog and a small cat near the table. 4. There _two bikes under the tree. 5. There _a pen, two pencils and an eraser in the pencil-box. 6. There _some books, a pencil-box and a pen on her desk. 7.There some milk in the glass. 8.There some people under the

20、big tree. 9.There lots of flowers in our garden. 二、单选题 1. _ there a radio on your desk? A.  Are        B. Is C. Am 2. _ there a map on the wall? Yes, there _. A. Are / is      B. Is / are     C. Is / is  &

21、#160;  D. Are /are 3.There _ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table. A. has         B. are C.am D.is 4.There _ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table. A.is          B. are C.am D.have 5. Are the

22、re _ pictures on the wall? No, there aren't _ . A. any / any B. some / any    C. some / some D. any/some 6.There_ some water in the cup . A. is B.am C. are D. be7.    There isnt _water in the glass. Lets go and get some.A. many      B. lots&

23、#160;  C. any     D. some8. There _ many changes in the village recently.  A. is       B. are    C. have been    D. to be9. -There _a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some?-Just a little, please.A. is B

24、. are C. am D. be10. There _ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk. A. is B. are C. have D. has11 There _ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.A. is B. are C. have D. has12. There is a boy _at the door.A. stand B. standing C. stood D. is standing13. -_is in the house?- There is an o

25、ld women in the house.A. What B. Whose C. Who D.Which 14.There were _ students in our school Ahundreds Beight hundred Ceight hundreds of 15.There is _ waterYou needn't get some more Afew Blittle Cmuch四、巩固练习一、用 have或has填空。 1I _ a nice picture. 2He _ a good friend. 3They _ some kites. 4We _ some f

26、lowers. 5Her mother _ a vase(花瓶). 6Nancy _ many skirts. 7My friends _ a football. 8What do you _ ? 9What do your friends _ ? 10His brother _ a basketball. 1. 把下列句子改为否定句和一般疑问句。 1I have a ping-pong ball. 否 疑 2There is a book and a pen in the bag. 否 疑 3His aunt has a new TV. 否 疑 4There are some boys in

27、 our class. 否 疑 五、拓展训练一、单选题 1.There_ some water in the cup . A. is B. am C. are D. be 2. _there a book on the desk now ? A. Is B. Are C. Were D. Was 3. How many people _in your family ? A. do you have B. are there C. you had D. there are 4.There _any trees in front of the classroom. A. isn't B.

28、aren't C. hasn't D. haven't 5. There _sheep in the field . A. is B. are much C. are many D. are a 6. There are _in the field .They are eating grass. A. a horse B. much horses C. many horse D. many horses 7. There _a new bed and an old desk in the room . A. is B. are C. have D.has 8._any

29、trees in the picture ? A. Is there B. Are there C. Was there D. Were there 9.There _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some 10. How many _ are there in your classroom? A. desks B. desk C. chair D. door二、用“have, has” ， “there is ，there are” 或者“is

30、 there ，are there”填空。 1. I _ a good father and a good mother. 2. _ a book on the desk. 3. He _ a tape-recorder. 4. They _ a nice garden. 5. What do you _ ? 6. _ a reading-room in the building? 7. What does Mike _ ? 8. _ any books in the bag? 9. My father _ a story-book. 10. _ any flowers in the garden? 11. How many students _ in th