职称英语真题之卫生类A级阅读理解(20211012182414)

1、职称英语真题之卫生类 A 级阅读理解 2第二篇 Mental Retardation 智力迟钝 .Mental retardation is a condition in which people have lower than normal intelligence and are unable to function at the level expected for their age。 People with men tai retardati on are usually born with it。or it develops early in their life . They m

2、ay also have some difficulty with daily living skills such as learning to read and write and caring for them selves.Doctors and other professionals determine that a person has mental retardation based on their intelligence and how well they can do everyday activities.Intelligence is the ability to l

3、earn and understandLevels of intelligence are measured by special tests called intelligence testsThe score a person gets on one of these tests gives a numerical数字的measure of a person s intelligenee. This is called an in tellige nee quotie nt智商Or IQ.An average score on an IQ test is about 90 to 110.

4、A person with mental retardation will usually score below 75 on an IQ test.The IQ test alone does not determine whether someone is mentally retarded . A person must also have trouble with everyday activities such as geeing dresse，d eating， washing，or learning basic reading，writing ，and arithmetic sk

5、ills.Mental retardation is not a disease itself. 1t cannot be cured and it's not eontagious传染的.This eondition can be caused by several things that injure the brain or don't allow the brain to develop normallyMany times we don't know why a person has mental retardation.Sometimes it may be

6、 caused by genesGenes are chemical units found in every cell They carry the instructions telling , cells what to do Sometimes。 children receive abnormal genes from their parents.A defective gene may also develop spontaneously Neither parent would have passed on the gene，but the gene changes before t

7、he baby develops.Some other problems that can cause mental retardation also happen before a child is born It is important for the brain to develop properly if a child is to have normal intelligence “ Planninga pregnancy is the most important decision most of us will make in our lifetime A healthy li

8、festyle and good medical care should begin before a woman becomes pregnant and continue throughout the pregnancy， saysJodi Rucquoi，a genetic counselor from ConnecticutIf a woman abuses alcohol or drugs or doesn' t eat well， there is a risk to the developing baby Also，a premature birth or problem

9、s during childbirth can sometimes harm the baby ' s developing brain while premature babies are generally fine ，there is a greater chance that they may have mental retardation.1n some cases a young child can develop mental retardation after being sick with a serious infection or other illness or

10、 after suffering a bad head injury.36. A child can be taken as mentally retarded f he or she.A. was born prematurely.B. has lower than normal intelligence.C. has low intelligence and low daily living skills.D. has normal intelligence but difficulties in learning.37. A person of high intelligence wil

11、l probably score.A. above 110 on an IQ testB. 110 on an IQ test.C. 90 on an IQ testD. below 75 on an IQ test.38. Which Of the following is NOT true of mental retardation?A. It is not curable.B. Its victims are usually born with it.C. Its causes are not fully identified yet.D. It can spread among family members.39. Which is NOT a possible cause of mental retardation?A. Alcohol or drug abuse B. Abnormal genes from the