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1、高一下学期英语语法总复习及专项练习(一主谓一致重点知识(结合课本第155-156页则更好一 .名词作主语:1.集体名词做主语1 有些集体名词,如果视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数;若就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数。2有些集体名词(如:people,police,cattle,folk只当复数看待,谓语动词用复数。3有些无生命的集体名词(如 :jewellery, poetry, equipment, clothing 等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。注意:population用法(表 入口总量”用单数,入口总量中的部分人”用复数2 .表示时间、金额、度量、距离等复数名词作主语时,作整体看待,谓语
2、动词用单数。3 .国名、书报名、剧名、山水名、城市名、学科等专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。山脉(the himalayas 群岛(the philippines、瀑布(the nigara falls等名词作主 语时,谓语动词用复数。4 .一些由两个部份构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语常用复数形式,如 :clothes,trousers,shoes,shorts,glasses,goods,chopstiCSf 等,但由 a pair of,a kind of, a series o用修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数。her trousers are beautiful indeed. a
3、 pair of shoes was on the desk.5 .单复数同形的名词 (如:means,works,chinese,japanese,sheep, deer, fish,作单数时,谓语用单数;反之谓语用复数。The glass works was rebuilt in july,1979.These glass works are near the railway station.它们前面有 a, such a,this,that,every修饰时,谓语用单数;有 all,such,these, those 修饰时,谓语用复数。means,no means,the means无
4、修饰词时,谓语单复数均可。1every means has been trie她种办法 all means have been tried所有办法 there is(are no means of getting there.6 .不定代词each,every, nc#饰的名词,即使以and或逗号连接成多个并列主语,谓语的动词仍然用单数形式。each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future.7 .主语由more than one或many a构成,意义复数,谓语动词却用单数。morethan one student h
5、as seen the film“ titanic ”.many a ship has been damaged in the storm.但“ more +词复数+than one作主语,谓语动词一般用复数形式。more young teacthers than one are against this plan8 .the number of,a/the/this pair(kind, type of,either/neither of +名词复数作主语,谓语动词用单数Is either of your parents an engineer?There is a pair of shoe
6、s left on the shelf.This kind of book=a book of this kind ( 这种书,其谓语用单数;This kind of men=men of this kind,但前者谓语用单数,后者谓语用复数。this kind of men is dangerous. men of this kind are dangerous.9 .主 +as well as ( as much as, no less than, with, along with, together with,rather than, like,but, except, besides,
7、 including寸,其谓语单复数与主语保持一致。10 .由and, bothandl并列主语时,谓语动词常用复数。Plastics and rubber never rot.Both my father and my sister are writers.但并列主语表示同一人、同一事物、同一概念,谓语动词用单数。the poet and writer is gone.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habbit.A knife and fork is on the table.Bread and butter is ser
8、ved for the breakfast.2No clothes and no food is difficult to live.11 .名词所有格之后名词被省略的情况下,动词一般用单数。my sister s is not far from here.12 .由 or, either or, neither nor, not only but alsoynol白并歹bUii§ 谓语动词遵循就近原则。there be /here be吉构类似13 .在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。Between the two windows hangs a picture.
9、There lies a beautiful small town at the foot of the hill.二 .代词作主语1.名词型物主代词后的动词, 根据所替代的内容决定谓语单复数形式。ours (our party is a great party.your shoes are black and mine are brown.2.such +be +主语such is our plan. such are his words.3. 定语从句中关系代词后的谓语形式要同被修饰的代词保持一致。Those who want to go please sign your names he
10、re.Bob is one of my friends who are helping me with english.He is the only one of the officers who was invited to the ball here.I, who am wrong, should apologize to him.4 .疑问代词who, what, which 作主语时 ,视情况而定。who lives next door? it is xiao lin.who live next door? zhang and liu.which is(are your book(s
11、?5 .every-, some-, any-, no-,等构成的不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数Everybody obeys the rules.3I ll tell you something that sounds interesting.any, either, neither, none, all, some, moreH乍主语时,谓语动词有两种情况 : 单独作主语all has been changed. all are presenteither, neither单独作主语,谓语用单数。后接of短语,of后宾语为不可数名词,动词当然用单数形式,of后宾语为复数 名词或代词,动词单
12、复数均可。Do(es any of you know his address? none of them has(have seen the film.all of the water is gone.each单独作主语,动词用单数。each of the students has a dictionary.The boy and the girl each have their own toys.三 .数词、量词等作主语1 .half, the majority, the rest, some, most, (a part, a lot, lots, plenty,a large quant
13、ity ,massesZ及分数、百分数+of+名词/代词作主语,视情况而定。 Half of the work is left unfinished.Half of the apples are given to the children.More than 70 percent of the surface of our earth is covered by water.但qunatities of作主语,谓语动词一般用复数quantities of food (nuts were on the table.2 .a (great number of, many, a few +可数名词复
14、数,谓语动词用复数;a little, much, a great deal of , +不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。A number of students have gone to the countryside.A great deal of waste is poured straight into the river.3 .one and a half +复数名词,谓语动词用单数。One and a half bananas is left on the table.4四 .其它作主语1.the+ 形容词/过去分词表示一类人,谓语用复数,如 :the blind, the poor,
15、 the rich, the breave, the dead, the wounded, the employed,the Chinese the blind in china study in special schools.表示抽象概念用单数。the beautiful is not always the beautiful.3 .从句作主语,谓语动词用单数。whether we shall go there hasn t been decided.what we need is more time.但 what we need are doctors.what he said and
16、what he did have greatly encouraged his brother.4 .不定式、动名词作主语Nodding the head means agreement, while shaking it means disagreement.To catch what he had said was difficult.但 to say it and to do it are different things.主谓一致专练:1. We each strong points and each of us on the other hand weakpoints.A. have
17、 , haveB. has, haveC. has , hasD. have, has2. A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift. ( MET 90A. is offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD. have offered3. In this institution(机构 a medal together with a prize of certain sum of money gains success in science and technology every two
18、years.A. are given to anyoneB. is given to whoeverC. are given to whoD. is given to whom4. Only one of the students who presentto speak at the meeting .A. is, isB. are, areC. are , isD. is, are5. When and where to build the new factory yet. ( MET 91A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. had not decid
19、edD. have not decided6. Either Tom or Jane did homework in the classroom .5A. theirB. theirsC. hisD. her7. Reading magazines and novels helpful.8. are9. have10. has8. In spring, many plants bloom 时花,which the world even morebeautiful.A. madeB. makeC. makesD. have made9. It s not you but Mr. Anderson
20、 who to answer the incident.A. are, forB. were, toC. is, forD. was , back10.The dancer and the singer _ coming to Kaili next month.A. areB. will beC. isD. be比较 11.The dancer and singer _ coming to Kaili next month.A.areB. will beC. isD. be12.Mr Smith, is from Australia, with Tom and Jacktalking abou
21、tsomething in the office.A.which;areB. whose;isC. that;isD. who;is13. There are two books on the bookshelf. of them worth.A. Both , are, being readB. All, are , readingC. Neither, is, being readD. Either, is , reading14. The number of people invited fifty, but a number of them absentfor different re
22、asons. ( MENT 96B. was, wasC. was, wereD. were , were15. I don t think the poor poor.A. have been alwaysB. has been alwaysC. is alwaysD. are always16. At the meeting each man and each woman praised by the manageryesterday.A. wasB. wereC. would beD. had been17. Sixty percent of the workby now.A. have
23、 been doneB. had been doneC. has been doneD. has done18. neither you nor your brother interested in swimming ?6A. AreB. IsC. DoD. Does19. Three fourths of the earth urface _s_s_ covered with water.A. isB. areC. wasD. were20. About 85 percent of the students good , and part of them interestedin biolo
24、gy.A. is, areB. are, areC. are , isD. is , is21. Politics now taught in all schools.A. isB. areC. beD. being22. Do you know what his politics ?A. isB. areC. beD. being23. The wounded sent to the hospital at once .A. wereB. areC. isD. was24. The Chinese hard-working.A. beB. beingC. isD. are25. The Un
25、ited Nations in 1945.A. are foundB. is foundC. was foundedD. were founded26. Our headmaster and secretary always kind and strict.A. isB. beC. areD. were比较 26. Our headmaster and his secretary always kind and strict.E. isF. beG. areH. were27. Many a student in the exam.A. have failedB. had been faile
26、dC. has failed28. A pair of broken glasses on the desk.A. is layingB. is lyingC. are lyingD. are laying29. No boy and no girl waiting for the bus.A. areB. beC. wereD. is30. There I d like to answer this evening.7A. are one or two lettersB. has one or two lettersC. is one or two lettersD. have one or
27、 two letters31. Why she didn t come here quite clear.A. are notB. will notC. isnD. were not32. Not only politics but also English is important. In other word, isimportant.A. English , as well as politicsB. politics as well as EnglishC. both politics and EnglishD. politics as well as the English33. T
28、his is the only one of the books on the subject that ever been written inChinese.A. haveB. hasC. hadD. are比较 33. This is one of the books on the subject that ever been written inChinese.E. haveF. hasG. hadD. areC. my34. The exam he paid no attention to him the chance to go to college.A. being costed
29、B. costingC. costedD. costs35. Not only the students but also the teacher about the matter.A. are talkingB. is to talkC. have talkedD. are having talked36. On the ceiling of our classroom four lights.A. hangB. are hangedC. hangedD. hangs37. He is one of the students who , I am sure, always do best.A
30、. hisB. one sD. their38. The population of China over 12 million and eighty percent of thepopulation peasants.A. is; areB. are; isC. is ; isD. are ; are38. He said that the twelfth and last lesson rather difficult .A. wereB. wasC. will beD. are比较 38. He said that the twelfth and the last lesson rath
31、er difficult .A. wereB. wasC. will beD. are8It的用法专项练习1. Was it on her way home she was robbed her walletA. when, ofB. that, ofC. where, byD. that, off2. It wasn t their own good that they did all this.A. becauseB. because ofC. onlyD. for3. Was it because his father illTom asked for leave?A.whereB. w
32、hichC. thatD. why4. Was it in Shanghai you first met him?A. whereB. whichC. thatD. in which5. Isn t rude him to talk to his teacher like that ?A. that , forB. he , ofC. it , forD. it , of6. It was in the house he used to live the exhibition was held.A. that, thatB. that , whichC. where , thatD. whic
33、h , that7.Actuallyis a hard job for the police to keep order in the street of that town.9A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it8. It was failed the exam.A. his illness that heB. because his illness whichC. because of his illness so heD. because of his illness that he9. is said that he has been to many places i
34、n the United States .A. ThisB. HeC. ItD. That10. We all thought no use doing that.A. itB. thatC. thisD. there11.1 found _ to hear what Mr Wang said.A. that difficultyB. it difficultyC. it is difficultyD. it difficult12. It was in 1921 our Party was founded.A. whenB. whichC. in whichD. that13. It s d
35、ifficult me to answer this question .A. forB. ofC. withD. about14. When was that you saw her last ?A. thatB. thisC. itD. there15. It was on the train the thief stole the gold ring which Tom had justbought for his wife.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. when16. Is it Shakespeare theatre you are going to watch
36、 " The Merchant ofVenice" ?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. as17. Is it in Shakespeare theatre you are going to watch " The Merchant ofVenice" ?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. as18. It was difficult the poor to living before liberation.A. of , doB. for , workC. to , findD. for , makeA. thatB. whoC. whenD. which1020. who helped the old man several days ago. A. It was my friend and IB. It were my friend and me C. This was my friend and I D. Tha
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