专八改错技巧总结

1、英语专八改错解题思路1. 宏观层面分析（ 1）句子结构（理顺整个句子的结构，必要时检索上下文）（ 2）逻辑关系（关联词选择：并列、递进、因果、转折、假设、让步等）（3）时态和语态（完成时和虚拟语气是考查重点）2. 微观层面分析（ 1）缺漏（介词、代词、引导词）（ 2）冗余（两个主语、同义重复）（ 3）误用（词性、分词、正反义、主被动、形容词和副词级别）（4）一致性（名词单复数、主谓一致、先行词）（5）词义与固定搭配3. 注意事项（ 1）即使按照语感很快找到了疑似错误， 也要坚持读完全句再做判断， 可能会有新的发现。过于相信第一感觉而带来的失分是划不来的。（ 2）分两次改比较合理，因为毕竟只有少

2、数人能够在第一遍看材料的时候就找出所有的错误，尽管这些错误不见得隐藏得多深。（3）常考题型，高度警惕。冠词： the 变 a, a 变 the，补 the 补 a，删 a 删 the ，每年都玩的把戏。单复数：无非是his 变 their 之类的，关键是细心。近义词：例如distinct 和 distinctive ，move 和 movement ， interest 和 interests反义词：尤其看到dis, un, im ，in， non 之类的，更要琢磨一下。关联词：几乎是保留节目，and, but, however, though, moreover, therefore非谓语动

3、词：见了ing 想 ed，见了 ed 想 ing, 就是这么贱。形容词比较级：多半是把原形改为比较级。考的频率也蛮高的。虚拟语气：注意一下还是比较容易看出来的，多长个心眼儿吧。It ：有时要加，有时要删，有时要变itself，总之多盯“它”几眼。动词词组：其实主要是介词的问题，这个没办法临时抱佛脚，要靠积累.改错：1、改错虽然为主观题，但错误类型相对集中，可分为以下几种情况：定冠词： a, an, the 误用，甚至多出来；解决办法：分析定冠词的主语及上下文有无指代；级：分两类错误，第一种是原级用成比较级，比较级用成最高级，反之亦然。有一种除外，是两者比较谁最好，可以用最高级；第二种是意思相反

4、，如most 改为 least；连词错误： 也分两种，第一种为连词误用， 应该表示转折的用成了并列， 比如 while 改为 and；第二种为近义词。 在不同语境中用 However, Nonetheless, 比用 but 更合适，更合乎语法；（与逻辑关系也有关，看上下文，联系语境）词性错误：多出现为形容词转变为副词，反之亦然；也有可能是限定，如adv.+adj.+n.，如下所说；形容词改为动词或名词等，多出现在一词多性的情况下；形容词限定错误：出现在adj.+adj.+n. 要知道第1 个 adj.是限定第 2 个 adj.还是限定n.；若是限定第 2 个 adj.，大多改为副词adv.；

5、搭配错误：多为介词搭配错误，如in some extent 改为 to，rely in 改为 on 等；也有搭配词没有给出，需要自己添加，比如define.as；词义错误：比如：rather than 改为 other than ；（此项比较难）近义形容词错误：例如：respective, respectable, respectful, respecting, respected ；（此项比较难）缺失：例如the fact后面直接接了句子，中间缺少that ，表明同位关系；多余：有的地方莫名其妙多出一个词，多为介词，是没有用的；词义相反：多出现在形容词，需要在前面添加或去掉in-, im-,

6、 ir-, un- 等否定前缀；主动被动：分析主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系是主动还是被动，多出现在分句中；三单： 主语与谓语是单数还是复数，主语是否为不可数名词，是的话如何判断谓语动词是单数还是复数，还是有特殊用法；时态：现在时用为过去式，或者进行时用成了现在时等；定语从句用错先行词：which 用成了 that ；难点儿的比如：for which 用成了 which ，要知道for which=why, in / at which=where；还有什么情况下必须用that ，比如人和物搭配，序数词，the one, the only, 不缺任何成分，有否定词，有all 等；以下八大高频考点的分类

7、出自华研 专八人文知识与改错，现将八大类错误整理如下，主要包括： 1.短语搭配错误； 2.易混词错误； 3.逻辑关系错误； 4.代词错误（一致错误）； 5.冠词错误； 6.形容词和副词使用错误； 7.成分残缺或冗余；8.动词时态或语态错误。 笔者认为这八类错误基本涵盖了改错考试中出现的错误，首先了解错误类型， 对应对改错具有重要意义。 另外，笔者在总结华研 专八人文知识与改错和星火 专八改错满分突破 60 篇两本练习册中近 100 篇改错题的基础上，搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子（语法词汇类错误居多），并根据所属错误类型整理如下。（注意：带 的表示前边的是错误的，后边的是改正之后的；其他的没有

8、正确错误之分）1.短语搭配错误（大部分为介词错误）carry/get with things carry/get on with thingsto let alone let alonein return to in return forthe need of the need forsubstitute A with B substitute A for Baccount 70%- account for 70%under the grounds of/that on the grounds of/thatattitude on life attitude towards/to lifein

9、 a quick speed at a quick speedwith many respects in many respectsat the face of in the face(s) ofconsiderations to considerations forbecome victims of- becomevictims toride in a train ride on a trainthe problems with the government the problems for the governmentresistive against resistive toresist

10、ance of resistance toembark sth embark on sthwith the belief that in the belief thatat advance of sth in advance of sthinterpret to interpret asin line to in line withto varing degrees in varing degreestake pride of take pride inleap out to me leap out at meinject them lethal strains inject them wit

11、h lethal strainscharge himwiththe same price charge him the same priceimbalance of A and B imbalance between A and Bshortage of protein with them shartage of protein among themfortify sb for sth fortify sb against sth ( 加强 以抵御 )shed light to sth shed light on sthin proportion with in proportion topa

12、y for it with dollars pay for it in dollarsbe in liberty to be at liberty tobegin at doing begin with doingbe contrasted to be contrasted withcommit an offence to commit an offence againstmodern time modern timesability of (doing) sth ability in (doing) sthdefend sth against defend sth fromat the fi

13、rst place in the first placepay money in doing pay money for doingtake to do take to doing ( 求助于，“开始 ”， to 为介词 )yearn to yearn forat average on averageidentify oneself to identify oneself withbe successful on doing be successful at/in doingget one s teeth on get one埋s头teeth做，into(认真做 )the action of

14、formation the action of forming (of后应接动名词而非名词 )approach to do approach to doing one contributorof one contributor toconsumers demand of luxury goods consumers demand for luxury goodson one s 30s in onebalks30sto balk at (回避，绕过 )differ A from B distinguish A from Bsuit to sb/sth suit for sb/sthvary b

15、y vary withemphasis of emphasis on2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词imaginative imaginaryadapt adoptconfirm conformformer formaldiary dairypersonal personnelbeside besidesprincipal principleintelligent intelligibleconscious conscientiousstationary stationeryconsiderate considerableaffect( 影响 ) effect( 致使、达成 )contact c

16、ontractmoral moraleindustrious industrialdesert dessertrequire acquire inquirepresence presentationsensible sensitivetransformation transmissionvalue evaluatetense tensionanything somethingcooker cookcomplexity( 复杂性 ) complex(合成体 )insurance assuranceprovide( 提供 ) provided/providing( 假设，如果 )perceive

17、conceiveeffective( 有效的 ) affective( 受 影响的，由 引起的 )(2)形近 (形异 )近义词latter laterlate( 迟的，已故的 ) latest( 最晚的，最新的 )farther( 距离更远 ) further( 程度更进一步 )healthy( 健康的 ) healthful( 有益健康的 )effective efficientcontinual( 连续的 ) continuous( 持续不断的 )respectable respectfulhistoric historicalrise arise raise arousesure ins

18、ure ensure assurein return to in response tooppositeoppositionproducing productivelonely aloneacross crossimpressed - impressivepermit(n. 通行证 ) permissionrelating relatedmemorizing memorablenormal(n. 常态 ,通常标准 ,一般水平 ) norm( 规范 ,行为标准 )favorite favorableacceptability acceptanceeconomical economicfew li

19、ttlea few fewlittlea littleinventdiscoverbefore agoanother otheragent(代理人 ) agency(代理机构 )reward( 回馈 ) award( 奖赏 )special specific(3)兼有两种形式的副词firstly first (firstly 用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first 表示时间上 “第一次、首次 ”)hardly( 几乎不 ) hard( 努力地 )sure surelylate latelyclear(完全地、径直地 ) clearly(显然、清楚地 )high( 高度高地 ) highly( 程

20、度高地、非常 )close(接近地、紧密地 ) closely(紧密地、严密地 )most( 最 ) most( 大部分 )(4)反义词with withoutpossible impossiblesubjective objectiveimport exportbetter worseemployee employeremployment unemploymentmodifiable unmodifiablenatural unnaturaldiscernable indiscernablelent borrowedexclusive inclusiveindependency depend

21、encywilling unwillingnothing more than nothing less thanagree disagreerarely frequently / oftenspecific generalless more (still more still less)most leastknown unknownrespective irrespective (irrespective of表示 “不管 ”)majorityminorityresult in result fromfortunatelyunfortunatelypowerfulpowerlesseasine

22、ss uneasinessprofessional amateuraware unawareinclude exclude(5) 名词单复数异义moral morals( 作名词时用复数形式,表示 “道德、伦理 ”)collection( 不可数名词表示 “各种因素集合体 ” ) collections(可数名词表示 “收藏品 ”)manner( 方法 ,方式 ) manners(礼仪 ,礼节 )saving savings(复数表示 “存款 ”)specie(硬币 ) species(种类 )（species 只有单数）mean(n. 平均值 ) means(方法 )(6) 易混短语live

23、 with( 同一起生活 ,忍受 ) live by(靠 过活 )go about (doing) sth( 开始做某事 ,四处走动 ,流传 ,经常从事于 ) go around( 四处走动 ,绕道走 )tend to intend toin next week( 以当下时间为基准点) in the next week( 以过去的时间为基准点)spend in doing sth spend on sthdie of( 内部 ) die from( 外部 )rather than other thanhave sb do sth have sth donetake on( 从事，开始对付，呈现

24、) go on(继续 )take place take the place ofconsist in(在于 ) consist of( 包括 )in all(总共 ) after all( 毕竟 )in return( 作为报答 ) in turn( 反过来，轮流 )one reason for + 短语one reason why + 句子bring out( 使显露，使显现) bring up( 教育，培养，提出，(船 )抵达目的地 )be worth doing be worthwhile to doreact to( 对作出反应 ) react with( 以作出反应 )apply t

25、o(将 应用于 ) apply for( 请求，申请 )3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）therefore nevertheless/however (大部分 therefore都要改为 however, 反之亦然 )and but / whileor andbut becausemoreover howeverafter beforesince althoughthere is nothere is alsothat iffrom now on from then onall nonebesides yetif unlessbesides excepttherefore becauseso

26、becauseso does he neither/nor does hethat s why结+果 that s because原+因as if even ifwhether if4.代词错误（一致错误）their itsthat those (需要特别注意 )which that ( 有些情况下关系代词只能用that)which whatit itself ( 主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)that/thisit ( 只有 it 可作形式主语)his one s泛(指时用one)you yourselfit theythis suchXX is less sophisticated than

27、what they are todayXX is less sophisticated than they are today5.冠词错误(1)定冠词多余on the either side on either sidein the Europe inEuropein the winter inwinter ( 季节前不加定冠词)Kaufman, the/an author of a recent book Kaufman, author of a recent book( 同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词 )take the issue take issue(对 持异议，不同意)(2)定冠

28、词缺漏among most among the mostone of first one of the firstatmosphere the atmosphere( 表示独一无二的事物 )（另外还有如： the Equator, the Outerspace）between us and rest between us and the restin minority in the minorityaround floor around the floorpiano the piano ( 西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)English language the English languageat

29、 heart of at the heart ofworld the world( 表示 “地球 ”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)in long run in the long run(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用illustrate the further difference illustrate a further difference (diference第一次提及 )注意以下短语的区别in church in the churchat college at the collegein court in the courtin hospital in the hospitalin o

30、ffice in the officein prison in the prisonat sea at the seain school in the schoolat table at the table6.形容词与副词使用错误have been currently currentbe well equipped as be as well equipped asheavy industrialized heavily-industrializedspread colossal spread colossallysimilar strong similarly strongkeep the

31、number constantly at X a year keep number constant at X a yearfeel hopeless thwarted feel hopelessly thwartedcomparative high proportion comparatively high proportion(quakes) start deeply in the earth start deep in the earthin the passed 5 years in the past 5 yearsculture embedded attitudes cultural

32、ly embedded attitudesas much as as often asfrom one meter afar from one meter awayincreasing increasinglysimple simplypure purelymuch manymany morelarge largerearly earlier7.成分残缺或多余 (单复数错误 )a world which I could get a worldin which I could getshows that shows ( 先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)take for granted that take it for grated that1980 1980sone of the most glaring form one of the mist glaring formstheir jobs engage in their interest their jobs eng