策略一提问(Asking

1、.策略一：提问(Asking Questions)在交流当中，如果你没有听清或不确定对方所说的话，提问是一种有效的交际策略。比如可以通过提问请求对方重复，换一种表达，进一步解释或放慢语速。并且，通过提问可以获得更多相关的信息。（下划线部分表示该处运用了相应策略） Example 1: Interviewer: Can you explain to me how film editing works?Film editor: There are different steps. synching up, for example.Interviewer: What do you mean by s

2、ynching up? Example 2: Student A: Im excited about the 2010 Shanghai Expo. Do you know its mascot (吉祥物)? .Student B: What do you mean by mascot?Student A: Oh, it is the lucky symbol. Student B: Its Haibao.Example 3:A: Whats the time for your train? If possible, I will go to see you off.B: Its seven

3、fifteen. A: Fifteen or fifty? B: a quarter. Example 4: A: Pro. Wang, Im sorry I cant catch what you said just now. Could you please kindly repeat what you say?/ Pardon?/ I beg your pardon? B: With pleasure.Example 5: A: How do you like the weather here?B: Its muggy.A: Whats “ muggy”? B: It means hot

4、 and wet.Example 6:A: Whats going on here? B: You mean, whats happening? Well, Im trying to get out of the window and Tom is here helping me. 策略二： 母语策略(switching to the mother tongue)我们的母语汉语在英语交流中也可以“一展身手”！比如，遇到一些富有中国文化特色的词，可以使用母语，比如先使用拼音，然后再解释。或者一些比较生僻的词，也可以采取母语策略。 Example 1: A: What is the special

5、ty in your hometown?B: It is Zaozi (枣子), which is a kind of fruit shaped like a little finger.A: Oh, it is jujube. Example 2:A: What do Miao people eat?B: They eat Youcha (油茶)，or oil tea. 策略三：寻求帮助策略(getting help)在英语交流中，如果你遇到不会表达的词，可以向对方或第三方求助，以使得交际顺利进行。 Example 1: A: Hi, this is my friend Peter. He

6、is a Er, what is the word for “ a person who works for sick animal”? B: Oh, it is a “vet”. （兽医） Example 2: A: Hi, this is my hometown fellow Xiaoming. He is an English major. He is a Er How to say “ the second year student” in English?B: Oh, its sophomore. 策略四：肢体语言策略 (use body language) 我们的肢体语言也能传递丰

7、富的信息。如果你遇到不会表达的单词，可以运用身体语言，把这个词表演出来。 Example 1:A: Which is your favorite sport in Olympic Games?B: I like basketball, swimming and How to say er. Its popular in Japan and Korea, and. (make a gesture of fighting with bare feet)A: Oh, I see. Its judo. Example 2:A: What is the symbol of Guilin?B: Its e

8、lephant let me see. Oh, it is the (putting his arms in front of his nose)A: Oh, I see. Its elephant-trunk hill. 策略五：避免不熟悉的话题(avoiding communication partially or totally) 如果在交流当中，对方问到一些你不熟悉的问题或你不想回答的问题，为了保持礼貌和交流的顺利进行，你可以使用部分或完全回避这个话题的策略。 Example 1: A: You look in your thirties. Do you have children?B

9、: Oh, the weather is fine today, isnt it? Example 2: A: I heard that your company is shrinking. Are you going to leave your company?B: Oh, thats a question. Im afraid I have to go now. See you later. Example 3: A: May I ask if you have got married?B: Its a secret. 策略六：选择熟悉的或感兴趣的话题 (selecting the top

10、ics you like or you are familiar)该策略和策略五相似，如果对方问到你不熟悉的话题，你可以把话题引向自己熟悉或感兴趣的话题上来，这样不仅可以避免尴尬，也可以使得交流更加丰富。 Example 1:A: Do you like biology?B: Yes, but I like geography better. Next week there will be a lecture on the life in Amazon. Shall we go together?Example 2: A: Whats the population in Guilin?B: O

11、h, not many people, but they are hospitable. And the food here is really delicious. 策略七：调整策略 (adjusting or approximating)调整策略是指对方在不愿意交流或交流出现困难时，如何鼓励对方或想办法理解对方的意思。 Example 1: A: Whats the matter?B: Oh, I dont know.A: Oh, come on its something. Whats it?B: Its just life its so boring. Example 2:A: The

12、re are several trails to the top of the mountain.B: Does “ trail” mean “road” or “ way”?A: Yes. 策略八： 临时造词策略(coining words)在交流当中，如果遇到不会表达的词，我们还可以自己造词，当然要符合语法规范的前提下。在语境当中，对方也会明白我们的意思。 Example 1:Situation: Two students are going to have supper in the school canteen.? While one students forget to bring

13、“饭卡”.A: Oh, I forget to bring my eating card. Can I borrow yours?B: Oh, do you mean “food card”? Yes, with pleasure. Example 2:Situation: An American couple is traveling in Long Sheng. They dont know the name of a kind of fish in the river. Actually it is giant salamander（娃娃鱼）So they ask their tour

14、guide. A: Do you know the name of the fish?B: Oh, let me see. Its called baby fish. 策略九：迂回策略(using a circumlocution or synonym.)迂回策略是指用解释或用近意词的办法来表达自己一时忘记或不会表达的词语。 Example 1: A: Which university are you in?B: Im in Guangxi (Forget the word “ normal”) Teachers University. Example 2:A: What is your major?B: I s