专业型硕士研究生英语课文讲义unit 5

1、1Text 1 Lincoln in History.Unit 5 Biography biography bairfi n. 传记 graph r:f n. 图表, 曲线图 biology baildi n. 生物学 (词根bio-和生命有关；词根-ology表示学问，如：physiology ,fizildi n.生理学; sociology ,susildi n.社会学；archeology :kildi n. 考古学)2Prepare Yourself humilityhumility endeavorendeavor sinceritysincerity patriotismpatr

2、iotism faithfaith divinedivine reconcilereconcile self-observationself-observation 谦逊谦逊 努力努力 真诚真诚 爱国主义爱国主义 信念信念 神圣的神圣的 调和调和 自我审视自我审视3 善意善意 成就成就 抱负抱负 原则原则 奉献奉献 高尚高尚 忠诚忠诚 平等平等 good intentionsgood intentions achievementachievement ambitionambition principleprinciple delicatedelicate noblenoble loyaltyl

3、oyalty equalityequality4Paragaraph 1 The annals of the past contain few accounts of truly good men. Historians are more used to analyzing a mixture of ingredients, good and bad intentions, success and failure, high endeavors threatened by flaws in execution, and to balance out the sums ending with a

4、 careful plus or minus.5 contain kntein 包含，包括；含有；容纳 This book contains helpful information. 这本书里载有有用的资料。 container kntein n. 1. 容器; 2. 集装箱, 货柜6 account kaunt n. a) 报道，记述 keep an account of 记录 take something into account/take account of将考虑进去 account for 解释，说明；构成 b) 账；账目 The barman was doing his accou

5、nts. 酒吧男招待在记账。7 ingredient inri:djnt n. a) any of substances that are combined to make a particular dish（菜肴的）配料，原料 b) a component part or element of something成分，因素8 endeavor indev v. 努力，尽力He is endeavoring to help the Third World. 他正努力帮助第三世界。 n. a) 尝试；企图 make every endeavor尽一切努力 b) 事业，活动 a political

6、 endeavor政治事业9 execution ,eksikju:n a) 实施；实行；执行 b) 死刑的执行 the place of execution行刑地点 execution by hanging绞刑 there were mass arrests and executions. 进行了大量拘捕并有许多人被处决。 execute eksikju:t vt. 1. 处决；2. 执行, 实现; 使生效10Paragraph 2 Lincoln is rare in providing much for history to ponder and reflect on but littl

7、e to dispute with except in the shortcomings in the execution of his policies. He is the rarer for his absolute success through four years of bitter politics and bloody warfare. He sought power, without pretending otherwise, and exercised it to the full. But he is singular, perhaps unique in history

8、, in that he was never corrupted by power. 11Paragraph 2 His ambition was tied not to personal gain but to a pair of succeeding and complementary principles; to restore a nation dedicated to the proposition that “all men are created equal” and to ensure that a union so recovered was purged of the gr

9、eat contradiction which had lain at the heart of its constitution.12 rare r 稀罕的；稀奇的 Its rare to meet someone whos content with his life. 对生活感到满足的人很少见。 a rare bird珍禽 rare metals稀有金属 rarity rriti n. 1. 稀有, 罕见; 2. 稀罕的东西; 珍品13 dispute dispju:t v. & n. 争论；辩论 The point has been much disputed. 这一点已经被反复

10、讨论了 the frontier disputes边界之争 dispute with sb. over/on/about sth. 和某人争论某事 in /under dispute在争论中; 尚未解决 settle a dispute with sb. 同某人解决争端14 bitter bit adj. 1 有苦味的 2 严寒的, 刺骨的 3 辛酸的, 引起痛苦的; 难以接受的 4 充满仇恨的 5. 激烈的，尖酸刻薄的15 exercise ekssaiz v. 发挥（能力）；行使（权利）；运用（方法） exercise a power行使权力 What others think exerc

11、ises great influence on most of us. 别人的想法对我们多数人产生很大的影响。16 corrupt krpt v. 腐蚀；行贿 corrupt a policeman with money贿赂警察 adj. 腐败的；堕落的 a corrupt official贪官污吏 corrupt practices舞弊行为17 succeed sksi:d vt. 接任，继承，接替 He would succeed Hawke as Prime Minister. 他将接替霍克成为首相。 He had no son to succeed him. 他没有儿子继承他。 表示“

12、继承”的名词、形容词形式为 succession, successive 表示“成功”的名词、形容词形式为 success, successful18 complementary ,kmplimentri adj.互补的 A is complementary to B. complement kmplimnt v. add to or make complete补充，增强 Two discussions from different points of view may complement each other. 不同观点的两种讨论可以彼此互相参证。19 proposition ,prpzi

13、n a) 陈述，主张；命题 the proposition that high taxation is undesirable关于高税率不合适的主张 b)（尤指商务活动）提议，建议，提案 I made a proposition that we should cancel the meeting.20 propose prpuz a) 提出，提议，建议 He proposed to attend the meeting. 他提议去参加会议。 b) 向某人求婚 I have already proposed to Sarah. 我已经向萨拉求婚21 contradiction ,kntrdikn

14、 n. 矛盾；对立；抵触 Thats a flat contradiction of what you said before. 这可和你以前说的恰恰相反。 in contradiction to/with与.相反，同.矛盾22 constitution ,knstitju:n n. 1 宪法, 法规, 章程2 体格, 体质, 心理素质3 构成方式, 构造 4 制定, 设立, 组成, 任命 a) constitute knstitju:t vt. 构成, 组成 Twelve months constitute a year. 十二个月构成一年。 b) establish by law以合法形式

15、建立 constitute new traffic regulations制定新交通规则23Paragraph 3 His loyalty to government by consent required that he could only achieve his aims if his fellow citizens agreed with him and could be held to their purpose through the darkest hours. In that art of persuasion, he was a consummate politician,

16、subtly and ruthlessly working the levers of parties and politicians to achieve a balance between the fractions and factions of competing groups and ideas, whose particular interests threatened to destroy the precarious patriotism which sustained the army. He listened, avoided argument, kept his coun

17、sel, and then he made his decisions from which he could not diverge.24 consent knsent n. 同意，赞成，准许 Silence means consent. 缄默就是默许。 vi. 赞成，准许，许可 consent to (do) sth. 同意做某事 They consented to come with us. 他们答应和我们一起来。 by common consent经一致同意；公认 by mutual consent 双方同意25 sustain sstein a) （在体力，精神方面）支持，支撑 Th

18、is thought had sustained him throughout the years. 这个念头支撑他过了这么多年。 b) 忍受；经受 sustain losses 蒙受损失 c) 保持；使持续不断 food sufficient to sustain life sustainable adj. 可持续的26 counsel kaunsl v. a) give advice to (someone) 劝告；建议 b) 给（某人）专业的心理指导（或咨询） n. 意见，忠告，建议; 辩护律师，法律顾问 vocational counsel就业指导 legal counsel法律顾问

19、take counsel with sb. 征求某人意见 易混词 council kaunsl n. 1. 委员会, 理事会；2. (郡、镇等)政务会, 地方议会27Paragraph 4 His skills in reconciling oppositions and commanding their respect grew from his apprenticeship in the little rural communities where he had learned to make his way though the full diversity of the world,

20、and from his long reflective self- observation in times of depression, which gave him the same sympathetic insight into the character of others that he had into himself. As the war continued and the casualty figures grew, the found a convinced agnostic faith that there was some divine purpose in the

21、 affairs of men, though he could not define or confine the deity within any Christian confession. A man must observe the ebb and flow of events and act on what he can discern in the tides. He had no faith that man could deflect God from his course.28 reconcile reknsail 使和解，使和好；把争取过来 She wanted to be

22、 reconciled with her father. 她想跟父亲言归于好。 使接受；使顺从于，使安心于，使甘心于 He was reconciled to leaving. 他甘心离去。29 confine knfain vt. a) restrict限制 He is confined to the house by illness. 他因病而闭门不出。 b) 关押，禁闭 be confined to(局)限于， (被)限制 confine oneself to只涉及， 只限于 within the confines of在.(范围)之内 confinement knfainmnt n.

23、(被)限制,(被)禁闭,产期,分娩30 discern dis:n 察觉；识别（某物）； We discerned a change in the weather. 我们看出天气有变化。 discern right and wrong discern the road in the dark在黑暗中认路 I can discern no difference between the two policies. 我看不出这两种政策有什么区别。31Paragraph 5 evolve ivlv v. 演变, 进化 evolve from从.进化而来 evolve into发展/进化成 evolut

24、ion ,i:vlu:n n. 演变; 进化; 发展 revolve rivlv v. 1 (使)旋转2 细想 revolution ,revlu:n 1 革命2 彻底改变, 重大变革3 旋转; 运行, 公转32Vocabulary Study (A) 1. confined1. confined 2. depression2. depression 3. corrupting3. corrupting 4. mixture4. mixture 5. to the full5. to the full 6. endeavor6. endeavor 7. evolved7. evolved 8.

25、 at risk8. at risk 9. insight into9. insight into 10. account10. account33Vocabulary Study (B) 1. exercise1. exercise 2. practice2. practice 3. threatened3. threatened 4. threat4. threat 5. war5. war 6. warfare6. warfare 7. restore7. restore 8. recover8. recover 9. reflect9. reflect 10. deflect10. d

26、eflect34Vocabulary Study (C) 1. in1. in 2. of2. of 3. in 3. in 4. of4. of 5. so5. so 6. into6. into 7. up7. up 8. in8. in 9. from9. from 10. to10. to35Translation (English - Chinese) Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, ca

27、n long endure. We have met on a great ballet-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives so that the nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. 目前我们正在进行一场伟大的国内战争，我们的国家或任何一个有着同样理想与目标的国家能否长久存在，这场战争就是一次考验。我们在这场战争的一个伟大的战场上相聚。我们来到这里，将这战场的一小块土地奉献给那些为国家生存而英勇捐躯的人们，作为他们最后的安息之地。我们这样做是完全恰当的，完全应该的。36 But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate-we can not co