英语形容词副词的比较等级的用法

1、v1.0可编辑可修改5形容词副词的比较等级的用法教学内容：形容词副词的比较等级的用法形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。（一）原级的构成和用法1. 构成：形容词，副词的原级形式是形容词，副词的原形。2. 用法：表示双方在程度，性质，特征等某方面相等时，用"as +原级形容词或副词+ as"的结构；表示双方不相等时，用"not so（ as）+原级形容词或副词+as"的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用”倍数+as+原级形容词或副词+ as"的结构。.Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Liu.This bui

2、lding looks not so（ as） high as that one.Ms. Sun speaks English as fluently as you.This room is three times as large as that one.（二）比较级和最高级的构成和用法1. 比较级和最高级的构成：（1）单音节以及部分双音节形容词和副词在词尾加"er"，" est"great greater greatestfast faster fastestn arrow n arrower n arrowestclever cleverer cl

3、everest（2）以e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以一ble , ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后，加"r" , "st"large larger largest ; able abler ablestsimple simpler simplest（3）以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词，其前的元音字母发短元音时，该辅音字母要双写，然后加"er" , "est"hot hotter hottest（4）以辅音加y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加ly构成的副词要将y改为i ,再 加"er" , &

4、quot;est"easy easier easiest ; happy happier happiest(5) 一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前加more或most.beautiful more beautiful most beautiful ; carefully more carefullymost carefully(6) 少数单音节形容词也加more和most构成比较级和最高级。tired more tired most tired ; pleased more pleased most pleased(7) 下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法。of

5、te n ofte ner ofte nest ; more ofte n most ofte nstrict stricter strictest more strict most strictfriendly friendlier friendliest more friendly most friendly(8) 下列形容词，畐恫的比较级和最高级的构成不规则。good，well better best bad, ill worse worstmany, much more most little less leastfar farther farthest further furthes

6、told elder / older eldest / oldest2. 比较级的用法(1) 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用”比较级+ than"的结构表示。This pen is better tha n that one.(2) 表示一方不及另一方时，用"less+原级+than"的结构表示。This room is less beautiful tha n that one.even,(3) 表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较前加表示程度的状语，如a lot , a bit , a little , still , much, far , yet

7、 , by far 等修饰。He works even harder tha n before.注意：by far通常用于强调最高级用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，在前面, 应在二者中间加"the"。He is taller by far than his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.(4) 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用"the+比较级(主语+谓语),the十比 较级(主语+谓语)”的结构。The harder he works ，the happier he feels.(5)

8、 不与其它事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用”比较级+ and+比较级”的结 构。The weather is getting colder and colder.The girl becomes more and more beautiful.(6) 在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that (those)，one (ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人，也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可 数名词，而one只能代替可数名词。The book on the table is more in teresti ng tha n that on the desk.A

9、 box made of iron is stron ger tha n one made of wood.(8)表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型(A) A is three (four , etc ) times the size (height , length , width , etc)of B.The new building is four times the size(the height ) of the old one.这座新楼是 那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍高三倍)(B) A is three (four , etc ) times as big (

10、high , long , wide , etc.) as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍。)(C) A is three (four , etc. ) times bigger (higher, l on ger , wider , etc.)than B.Your school is three times bigger than ours你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大。)用times 表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍可以用 twice 或 d

11、ouble3. 最高级的用法：(1)三者以上相比，表示最咼程度时，用"the+最咼级"的结构表示。这种句式一般常 有表示比较范围的介词短语。Tom is the tallest of the three.He works (the ) hardest in his class.not(2) 最高级可被序数词以及by far , nearly , almost , by no means, not quite , really ，等词语所修饰。This hat is by far/ nearly / almost / not nearly/ by no means/not quite thebiggest.How much did