谓语动词分类

1、百度文库-让每个人平等地提升自我7谓语动词分类网络知识结构宾浑及物动词双宾语/实义动词4复合宾语不及物动词/系动词：bei seem* turn, become 等十表二吾 !doing a动词的种类be 十(done+J助动词 have + J done /，、| been doin do (does- did>,will shalL would, should，-VWV-4*情态动推司： may, can, must, might, could1.行为动词(实义动词)：实义动词词义完整，能独立作，可分成：及物动词( transitive verb )和不及物动词 (intransit

2、ive verb )。及物动词后面必须跟宾语，意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词( transitive verb )。英语中 的及物动词有：interest , worry , guess,please,surprise,love 等"How long can I keep the book " Harry asked问：这本书我可以借多久 ？”不及物动词本身意义完整，后面不用跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词( intransitive verb )。Birds can fly.鸟会飞。It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月。My w

3、atch stopped.我的表停了。1 .及物动词要求有宾语Mr. Smith gave his wife twenty pounds for her birthday .史密斯先生给了他的妻子 20英镑过生日。He asked the teacher a few questions .他向老师问了几个问题。 We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。Children and young people like bright colors .孩子和年轻人喜欢亮丽的颜色。2 .不及物动词不要求有宾语 Most shops in Britain op

4、en at 9:00 A . m. and close at 5:00 or 5:30 in the evening .英国大部分商店九点开门，晚五点或五点半关门。George's father lives there .乔治的爸爸住在那里。Let's go home .我们回家吧。The examination ended at 11:30 a . m .考试上午H一点半结束o3 .特殊实义动词英语动词很多既是及物动词又是不及物动词，如close , begin , study , leave , work 等。The post office closes at 9:00 p

5、. m .邮局晚上 9 点关门。Close the window,please. 请关窗。Shall we begin now? 我们现在开始吗？1 Bill began working as a sailor after he left school .比尔毕业后当水手。They left yesterday .他们昨天离开的。When did you leave Washington?你什么时候离开华盛顿的？The students study hard.这些学生学习努力。The students study English and German .这些学生学习英语和德语。2 He wor

6、ks in a supermarket.他在一家超市工作。He works the machine on Mondays.他星期一操作这台机器3 .情态动词四大分类：只做情态动词 ：must,can,may 可做情态动词又可做：如：need, dare具有情态动词特征：have(had,has) to,used to, ought to可做情态动词又可作：如：shall(should),will(would)常用can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would)1-

7、具有作用，可以用来构成，及用于简单回答。Can you sing an English song ?你会唱英语歌吗？Yes I can.是的，我会。2-后接，即不带to的。She may lose her way.她可能迷路了。3-无人称和数的变化。We must stay here.我们必须待在这儿。He must stay here.他必须待在这儿。4-有一定的，但并不完整，必须与动词原形一起构成。（后面加动词原形）5-在以Could引导的表示委婉语气的，常用来表示请求别人帮助或对长辈的请求的。如：（Could you come to my party on Saturday aftern

8、oon? ）注意：这里不是情态动词的 用法。回答为：肯定： Yes , I can./Sure./Certainly. 否定:Sorry,I am afraid not.情态动词+have done的用法must have done sth. 一定做某事can/could have done sth. 本来能够做某事，而实际上未做can't/couldn't have done sth.不可能做过某事ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有4 .系动词系动词，亦称（Link Verb ）,是用来帮助说明主语的动词。它本身有词义，

9、但不能单独 用作谓语，其后必须跟，构成说明的状况、性质、特征等情况。系动词的主要分类：1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有 be 一词，例如：He is a teacher.他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lay,stand,例如：He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。3）表像系动词用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有 seem, appear, look, 例如：He looks tired. 他看

10、起来很累。He seems （to be） very sad.他看起来很伤心。4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有 feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。This flower smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。5)变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get,go, come, run.例如：He became mad after that.自那之后，他疯了。She grew rich within

11、a short time.她没多长时间就富了。6)终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有 prove, turn out,表达"证实"，"变成"之意，例如：The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。His plan turned out a success.他的计划终于成功了。 ( turn out表终止性结果)常见类型归纳：be 动词(am, is, are),感官动词(feel , look , smell , sound , taste , seem ), 变得

12、“词(get, become , turn , grow ), 保持“(keep , stay )。5 .助动词协助主要动词构成谓语的词叫助动词( Auxiliary Verb )。最常用的助动词有：be, have, has, do, does, shall, did, will, should, would 等，助动词可以协助主要动词构成或者，也可构成疑问句和否定句，构成否定句时与否定not连用。分类半助动词在功能上介乎主动词和助动词之间的一类结构，称为半助动词。常见的半助动词有beabout to, be due to, be going to, be likely to, be mea

13、nt to, be obliged to, be supposed to, be willing to, have to, seem to, be unable to, be unwilling to 等。情态助动词情态助动词 1.情态助包括 will(would), shall(should), can(could), may(might), must, need, dare, ought to, used to, had better后接原形不定词。2.情态助动词不受主语的人称和数的限制。3.两个情态助动词不能连用。中文:他将能够及时完成此事。(误)He will canfinish it

14、 i基本助动词基本助动词 基本助动词只有三个：be, do, have,它们没有词汇意义，只有语法作用，如协助构成进行体，完成体，被动态，否定句，疑问句等。例如He is giving a lecture. 他在作才艮告 He has made a plan.他已经订了计戈U The small animals are kept in the cages.小动物都关在笼子里。1 .基本助动词be的用法1) be+ ,构成进行时态。如：They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。2) be+ ,构成被动语态。如：The window was broken by Tom. 窗

15、户被 Tom 打破了。English is becoming more and more important.英语变得越来越重要。be+动词不定式1)表示最近、未来的计划或安排。如：He is to go to New York next week.他下周要去纽约。We are to teach the fresh persons.我们要教新生。但应注意：这种用法也可以说是一种将来时态的表达法。2)表示命令。如：You are to explain this.对此你要作出解释。He is to come to the office this aftermoon.他今天下午要来办公室。3)表示征

16、求意见。如：How am I to answer him?我该怎样答复他？Who is to go there?谁该去那儿呢？4)表示相约、商定。如：We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。have的用法一、have作助动词主要变化形式：have , has, had动名词/现在分词：having1) have +过去分词，构成，例：He has left for London. 他已去了 伦敦。By the end of last month, they had finished h

17、alf of their work.上月末为止，他们已经完成工作的一半。2) have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时(现在完成时)，例：I have been studying English for ten years.我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。3) have+been +过去分词，构成完成时态的被动语态，例：English has been taught in China for many years.中国教英语已经多年。do的用法形式主要变化形式：do,did , done, does动名词/现在分词：doing1)构成一般疑问句，例如：Did you study Ger

18、man?你们学过德语吗？2） do + not 构成否定句，例如：He doesn't like to study.他不想学习。3）构成否定祈使句，例如：Don't go there. 不要去那里4）放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气，例如：Do come to my birthday party please.请定来参力口我的生日宴会。5）/用作代替动词，例如：-Do you like Beijing? -你喜欢北京吗？2.情态助动词may和can的用法may用来表示许可用于所有人称的现在时及将来时句子中。might用于所有人称的过去时及条件句中。否定形式： may not/m

19、ayn't , might not/mightn't疑问式：may I ? might I ?等否定疑问式： may I not ? /mayn't I?等表示许可的may的其他形式可用 allow , be allowed的相应形式代替。may后面接不带to的不定式（即动词原形）。can用来表示许可用于所有人称的现在时及将来时的句子中。could用于所有人称的过去时及条件句中。否定式： can not/can't,could not/couldn't疑问式：can I ? could I ?等否定疑问式:can I not ? /can't I ? could I not ? /couldn't I ?等表示许可的can的其他形式可用于 allow , be allowded的相应形式代替。can与不带to的不定式连用。1shall和will的用法shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成，例如：