人教版初三英语知识点Unit1--How-can-we-become-good-learners？

1、Unit1 How can we become good learners？by的几个基本用法： (1)“通过”，表示手段、方式，后接名词或动名词。by + v. -ing常用来回答“How do yo？或How can I.？”之类的问题。 eg：My uncle makes a living by teaching. (2)和交通工具连用：by bus /by train eg：Mary often goes to work by bus. (3)表示位里“在旁” eg: He stands by me. (4)表示时间“在前，不迟于” 【拓展】(1)with用某种工具 (2) in用某种

2、方法、声音和语言 What about doing sth.？ 【拓展】英语中，表示征求意见的句式有：(1)Will /Would you please do sth？(2) Lets do sth. (3)Why not do sth？ (4)Why dont you do sth？ (5) Shall we do sth？practice, keep, finish, mind, enjoy等动词之后跟sth./doing sth. ask+ sb.+ for .向某人请求，向某人要求 eg：They asked me for help. 他们向我求助。 too. to太而不能 常用句型：

3、sb.be + too + adj. to do sth., sth.betooadj.for sb.to do sth. eg：English is too hard for me to learn it well. 英语太难我学不会。 The more you read，the faster youll be. 你读得越多，你就读得越快。 the+比较级主谓，the比较级十主谓 eg: The more you eat, the taller you11 be.at first起初，开始的时候，暗示后来有变化，与at last相对。 called被叫做 “called + n.”作定语表示

4、被动，同义词为named. eg：Do you know the player called Zhang Hong?你认识一个叫张虹的运动员吗？ 【辨析】find, find out和discover (1) find发现，找到”，指无意识地发现某人物。 (2 )find out弄清，查明 (3) discover发现”，指发现了自然界固有的东西，在此之前未被别人发现。 eg：I want to find out who discovered Cao Caos Tomb.我想弄清谁发现了曹操的墓。 【辨析】so that和sothat so that引导目的状语从句， so . that引导结

5、果状语从句。 as well“也”，用于肯定句末，相当于too. 【拓展】either用于否定句末。 I dont know him either.as well as“也”用于肯定句，但之后跟宾语. eg：He is a driver as well as a player. 他是一位司机也是运动员。 【拓展】be afraid to do不敢干(害怕得不敢做某事) eg：He is afraid to see the dog. be afraid of doing担心会发生某事She is afraid of waking his father up.她担心会吵醒她父亲。(出于关心) 其他

6、短语 (1) because of因为 (2)fall in love with爱上 (3)lookup in the dictionary查字典pronounce v.发音 pronunciation n.发音，发音法 eg：He cant pronounce the word, can you tell him its pronunciation?他不会发那个单词的音，你能告诉他它的发音吗？ spoken English口语 【拓展】speaking意为“讲话的，说(某种语言)的” eg: an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家 get the pronun

7、ciation right 准确发音 注意：get +宾语十adj. /to do sth.让怎么样 【拓展】make mistakes/make a mistake出错，犯错误 (1)make mistakes in sth. /doing sth.在某方面犯错误；(2) by mistake错误地 I dont have a partner to practice English with. 我没有同伴可以练习英语。 该句中的to practice English with是动词不定式作定语，修饰partner,介词with不能省略。 辨析join和take part in (1)join

8、sb. /team /cluborganization (2)take part inactivitymeeting /test /competitionmatch (群众性活动) who, what, which, when, how等疑问词可以跟不定式，组成不定式短语作宾语。 eg：I dont know where to go.我不知道去哪里。 create an interest in对产生兴趣 interest是名词,interest组成的短语有：take /show an interest inbe interested in对感兴趣 【拓展】 interested adj.感兴趣

9、的；interesting adj.有趣的 be born出生于 eg：He was born in May, 1971 /on May 5, 1971.他出生于1971年5月/1971年5月5日。 ability n.能力 eg：I want to improve my listening ability.我想提高我的听力能力。 【拓展able adj.能干的,有能力的 eg: I am able to finish this task. pay attention to十n./ pron.v. -ing注意 eg:I didnt pay attention to his expressio

10、n on his face. 我没有注意到他脸上的表情。 connect v.(使)连接 connect. with把和连接联系起来 eg：People often connect the Internet with our life.人们通常把网络和我们的生活联系起来。 【拓展】connect . to.把连接到 Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you.你学到的一切都变成你的一部分并改变你。 注意：that you learn是定语从句，修饰everything, 此句的关系代词只能用that,不能用wh

11、ich,因为先行词是复合不定代词（即由some-, any-, no-, every-加上-one, -body, -thing等所组成的不定代词。复合不定代词共有12个：something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone,他们都具有名词性质，在句中可作主语,宾语或表语，但不能用作定语）。 There are three good ways to do sth.有三种干某事的好办法 名词way后面可接动词不定式作定语,也

12、可以接of短语，即ways to do sth./ways of doing sth Are you stressed out each time you have a test? 每一次你考试，你紧张吗？ each time相当于连词when,“每一次”，引导时间状语从句eg: Each time I go home on weekends, my mother always cook delicious food for me.每次周末回家，妈妈总是为我做好吃的。 You dont have to be stressed out if you develop smart study ski

13、lls. 如果你发展聪明的学习技能，你就没必要紧张。 (all) on your own (1)单独，独自，相当于alone eg：John lives (all) on his own.John lives alone. (2)独立，相当于without help eg：I repaired the car on my own.我独立把车修好了。 I repaired the car without help. Try to study and practice information bit by bit instead of waiting until the last minute t

14、o study everything at once. 努力学习并一点一点地练习而不是一直等到最后一分钟来立即学习每件事。 (1) bit by bit慢慢地；渐渐地；一点一点地 eg：Bit by bit we try to get the information we need. 我们一点儿一点儿地努力去取得我们所需要的资料。 (2) instead of sth.(doing sth.) 取代(做)某事 at once立刻，马上 eg：He walked there instead of taking a bus. 他步行去那儿而不是乘公交车。over and over again重复地

15、，一遍又一遍地 eg: She kept saying the same thing over and over again. 她不断重复着相同的话。 单元语法精讲 一、by的用法 1.表示做某事的方式、方法等，“by十动词一ing形式表示“用手段或方式”，其后也可接名词，表示“借助手段”。 eg：I study English by listening to tapes.我通过听磁带学习英语。 2.“by名词”也可表示“通过某种方式”，此结构中，在表示交通工具的bus, train, taxi, plane, ship等词前不必加任何冠词。 eg: I go to school by bus

16、 every day.我每天坐公共汽车去上学。 3. by表示“在旁边” eg：The teacher is standing by the window.老师正靠窗站着。 4. by表示“不晚于；在之前” eg：Can you finish your homework by seven oclock?5. by也常用于被动语态，表示“被，由”，用于引出原主动语态的主语。 eg: The book was written by Lu Xun. 这本书是鲁迅写的。 6. by与反身代词oneself连用，构成by oneself，意为“独自，单独”。 eg：I cant leave her by

17、 herself. 我不能把她单独留下。 二、动名词用法小结 1.动名词作主语，此时句子中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 eg: Learning English well isnt easy.学好英语不容易。 注意：此种结构可改为Its + adj.十to do sth.结构。it是形式主语，其中动词不定式作真正的主语。 eg：Its not easy to learn English well. 2.动名词作宾语，一般放在某一及物动词或介词之后。 (1)后跟动名词的动词有finish, enjoy, keep, practice，allow，mind等。 (2)作介词的宾语，包括以介词结尾的

18、动词短语。有：give up, do well in, be good at, look forward to, be used to等。 eg：I do well in singing.我擅长唱歌。一、 选择所提供词的正确形式填空：loud, pronounce, speak, textbook, report, conversation, prepare, listen, increased, skill1. Do you have_ with your friends in English?2. Lilei is reading the _.3. He studies by _ to tapes.4. My _ is very good.5. Please read English _.6. She is a _ writer.7. You need to give a _tomorrow.8. He is making _for t