2020届山东省滨州市高三三模考试英语试题解析

1、高三英语试题注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50 分 ）第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHere are four women who made it t heir life s mission to make the world a better

2、place through environmental activism.Greta Thunberg“ I have not accomplished anything.” This statement was made by Greta Thunberg（17 yearsold）and it couldn t be further from the truth. Her dedication teocptirnog the environmenl for ourfuture generations is all accomplishment on its own. Her ability

3、to resist to adults in power is admirable and continues to push the importance of conservation to the front of our minds. Peggy ShelmrdWE ACT for Environment al Justice is an organization that“ th，roupglahnandinvgo，cacayndresearch mobilizes loWncome communities to make environmental changes.”密t the

4、helm（权 ）of WE ACT is Peggy Shepard. Her goal is to make sure that sustainable environmental practices are accessible to all， regardless of circumstance.Rachel CarsonAmerican marine biologist ， writer ， scientist ， and ecologist ， Rachel Carson（1907 1964） ，was way ahead of her time. She wrote about c

5、onservation in the late 1930s and focused on her mission of protecting our oceans.Julia “ Butterfly ” HillIn the late 90s， Julia “ Butterfly ” Hill spent 738 days living in an ancient re，dwcaololedd Luna.This act brought awareness to the immense human threats to Redwood trees. Julia continues toadvo

6、cate for the environment.ndi “ngBtoygsettaher in unity ， solidarity and love ， we will heal thewounds in the earth and in each other. We can make a positive difference through our actions.1. What do we know about Greta Thunberg?A. She has not accomplished anything.B. She seldom tells the truth.C. Sh

7、e faces powerful people bravely to protect environment.D. She shows great respect and admiration to people in power.2. Why did Peggy Shepard set up the organization WE ACT?A. To help poor people to lead a better life.B. To appeal to low-income group to protect our environment.C. To make people aware

8、 of the environmental status.D. To control the changes of environment.3. Who preferred taking on-the-spot actions to protect environment?A. Greta Thunberg.B. Peggy Shepard.C. Rachel Carson.D. Julia “ Butterfly ” Hill.【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述了四位女性将通过环保行动让世界变得更美好作为她们的人生使命。【 1 题详解】细节理解题。根据第

9、二段Her dedication to protecting the environment for our future generationsis all accomplishment on its own. Her ability to resist to adults in power is admirable and continuesto push the importance of conservation to the front of our minds （她为子孙后代保护环境的奉献精神， 本身就是一种成就。 她抵抗成年人掌权的能力令人钦佩， 并继续将保护的重要性推广我们的脑

10、海中）可知，在面对强权人物是，她勇敢保护环境的行为令人钦佩。故选 C 项。【 2 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段WE ACT for Environmental Justice is an organization that “ throughadvocacy, planning , and researchmobilizes low-income communities to make environmentalchanges （“我们为环境正义而行动”是一个“通过倡导、规划和研究动员低收入社区改变环境”的组织）可知 ，这个组织是为了让低收入者参与到保护环境的行动中来。故选B 项。【 3 题

11、详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段In the late 90s ， Julia “ Butterfly ” Hiellnstp738 days living in anancient redwood ， called Luna. This act brought awareness to the immense human threats toRedwood trees( 90 年代末， Julia“ Butterfly ” Hill 在一棵名为卢娜(Luna) 的古老红杉里生活了 738 天。该行为使人们意识到人类对红杉的巨大威胁)可知， Julia “ Butterfly ” Hill 以自

12、己的行动 - 居住在一颗古老红杉树738 天的行为来告诉人们要保护环境。 他采用现场行动的方式来保护环境。故选 D 项。BEvery so often ， someone so young does something so amazing that you can t help but wonderhow he manages it. That s what happened the first time we heard Matthew Whitaker play the piano.Matthew is a jazz pianist who is blind ， and since th

13、e age of 11， he s been performing around the world.Matthew Whitaker was born at 24th week. He weighed 1 pound and 11 ounces. His parentswere told he had less than a 50 chance of survival. One of the many complications( 并发症 )he faced was a disease which led to blindness.No one in Matthew s family was

14、 a mu，sicbiaunt his grandfather bought him his first keyboardwhen he was 3 years old. It didn t take long for Matthew to show that he had a gift. So the Whitakersdecided to get Matthew a teacher， which proved to be difficult.，“wAetgthoet atimloet of answersthat he s too young and they don t know how

15、 to teac，h a” bMlinodsechsilWd hitaker said. “ He was3 years old at the time.”Finally ， Dalia Sakas agreed to meet Matthew. Dalia is the director of music studies at a musicschool in New York City ， a school for the visually impaired. To her surprise ， Matthew could 1istento a piece of music once an

16、d then play it.“ Because it is rare to meet someone of the world and I wantto make that possible.”She did. Matthew has played in more than 200 clubs and concert halls around the world. Hislove of music has never been in doubt. Matthew s latest album is called Now Hear This. One criticnoted that it s

17、ounded like Matthew was playing with six hands.4. Which word best describes Matthew as a pianist?A. Fruitless.B. Ordinary.C. Remarkable.D. Ambitious.5. What was the root cause of Matthew s blindness?A.His premature birth.B.Hislow weight.C.His low chance of survival.D.A disease running in his family.

18、6. What increased the difficulty finding Matthew a music teacher?A.His family background.B.Hislack of talent.C.His age and disability.D.Hischaracter.7. Why did Dalia accept Matthew as her student?A. Because she sympathized Matthew for his experience.B. Because she was struck by Matthew s talent for

19、music.C. Because she gave in to the insistence of Matthew s grandfather.D. Because she knew how to teach a blind student well.【答案】 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B【解析】本 文 为 一 篇 记 叙 文 。 文 章 讲 述 了 MatthewWhitaker 在弹奏钢琴方面的天赋、经历以及所取得的成就。【 4 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段最后一句 Matthew is a jazz pianist who is blind, and since the

20、ageof 11, he ' s been performing around the w词d.,马修作为一名盲人钢琴家，在H一岁的时候就开始全世界演出了。 通过此句， 我们可以推断出他是一个非常卓越、优秀的人。故此题选 C。【 5 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二自然段第一句 Matthew Whitaker was born at 24th week. 可知，马修是一个早产儿，所以带来了一系列的问题，从而导致了他的失明。故此题选 A 。【 6 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段At the time ， we got a lot of answers that he s too you

21、ng and they don tknow how to teach a blind child 可知，老师们觉得马修太小了，并且是个盲人，所以不愿意接收。由此可知，马修的年龄和残疾增加了给马修找音乐老师的难度。故此题选 C。【 7 题详解】细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段To her surprise， Matthew could 1isten to a piece of music once andthen play it. （让她吃惊的是，马修能听一段音乐，然后就弹出来。）接受马修作她的学生，是因为她被马修的音乐天赋所打动。故此题选DaliaB。CFor the most part, Ame

22、rican children aren t great at math. But Chinese children tend to beexcellent. It s consistently found Chinese students at the top of the academic pile and Americans much nearer the bottom.In Lenora Chu s book “ Little Soldiers: An American Boy, a Chinese School” , she begins treveal the cultural di

23、fferences that lead to this gap. The differences she notices in children s focusand discipline are dramatic, but she also notices cultural differences that influence how Chinese schools are run, and the reason why its students test so well. Along with factors such as highly trained teachers and an e

24、mphasis on memorizing before pursuing deeper understanding, the difference comes down to a belief that has begun slowly making its way across the US: achievement is the result of hard work, not natural ability.This approach comes from a firm belief that anything is possible with hard work, with chik

25、u, or“ eating bitter ” . Studies show that for kids who score poorly. Chinese teachers believe a lack of effort rather than of smarts is to blame.Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck, author of“ Mindse£（态）”,is responsible for making upthe terms “ growth mindset ” and “ fixed mindset ” . Chinese st

26、udents are trained to have a growth mindset: if they aren t doing well, they 11 work harder, and they ll be successful. American children tend to be trained to have a fixed mindset about academics: their abilities are largely predetermined and static. If they aren t doing well, it s because they re

27、not good at it.In America students are told that learning is fun and easy. But real learning is actually very difficult and takes suffering and anxiety. If you re not willing to go through that youlearn deeply. The downside is these students often give up when something gets hard or when it longer f

28、un.8. According to Lenora Chu, what co ntributes most to the Chinese students excellent academic performance?A. School operation model.B. The emphasis on memorizing.C. High-qualified teachers.D. Chinese culture.9. According to Chinese teachers, students failing an exam are.A. lazyB. slowC. unfocused

29、D. foolish10. Which of the following is TRUE according to Carol Dweck s theory?A. A majority of Chinese students are born excellent learners.B. American students tend to believe learning ability is genetically determined.C. Amerlcan students should choose a Chinese school to achieve success.D. Ameri

30、can students are lacking in a fixed mindset, compared to Chinese students.11. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Students should study in a fun way.B. American students are always anxious about their study.C. American students have no difficulty in learning deeply.D. Diligence plays an ess

31、ential part in learning.【答案】 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D【解析】这是一篇说明文 。文章阐述了中美两国因为文化差异导致了对学生学习的不同看法。【 8 题详解】细节理解题。 根据文章第二段In Lenora Chu s book “ Little Soldiers: An American Boy, a ChineseSchool ” , she begins to reveal the cultural differences that lead to this g璀（Lenora Chu 的书 LittleSoldiers: An American

32、Boy, a Chinese School 中，她开始揭示导致这一差距的文化差异） 可知，Lenora Chu 认为中美学生之间的差异是因文化差异引起的。 即中国文化让中国学生在学业上变得优秀。故选 D 项。【 9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Studies show that for kids who score poorly. Chinese teachers believe alack of effort rather than of smarts is to blame.（研究表明，对于成绩差的孩子来说。中国的老师们认为，问题的症结在于缺乏努力，而不是缺乏智慧 ） 可知，中国老师认为

33、，考试不及格的学生是懒惰的。故选 A 项。【 10 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段American children tend to be trained to have a fixed mindsett doinabout academics: their abilities are largely predetermined and static. If they arenbecause they ' re not good aH国儿童往往被训练成对学术有一种固定的心态：他们的能力很大程度上是预先决定的，而且是静态的。如果他们做得不好，那是因为他们不擅长）可知，美国学生倾向

34、于认为学习能力是由基因决定的。原文中的“预先决定和静态”指的就是遗传或者基因。综合分析，故选 B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后段In America students are told that learning is fun and easy. But reallearning is actually very difficult and takes suffering and anxiety. If yough ' re not willing to gthat you ' re not going to learn deeply. The downside is

35、these students often give up when something gets hard or when it ' s no longer国0年生们被告知学习是有趣而简单的。但真正的学 习实际上是非常困难的，需要痛苦和焦虑。如果你不愿意经历这些，你就不能深入学习。缺点是，当事情变得困难或不再有趣时，这些学生往往会放弃）可知，因为学习是困难、痛苦和焦虑的，所以学习的过程中勤奋刻苦是很重要的。故选 D项。DThe sixth mass extinction is not a worry for the future. It, mubhsOhappthning nowpre

36、viously expected , and it's entirely our fault , according to a study puhlished Mooday.Humans have already wiped out hundreds of species and pushed many more to the brink of extinction through wildlife trade , pollution , habitat loss and the use of toxic substances. The findings published in th

37、e scientific Journal Proceedings of the National Academy ofSciences（ PNAS）show that the rate at which species are dying out has accelerated in recent decades.Gerardo Ceballos Gonz lez, aa professor of ecology at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and one of the authors of the study , said

38、approximately 173 species went extinct between 2001 and 2014. 173 species is 25 times more extinct species than you would expect under the normal extinction rate." he told CNN in an email. He and his team found that in the past 100 yearsmore than 400 vertebrate（脊椎动物的 ）species went extinct. In t

39、he normal course of evolution , such extinctions would have taken up to 10 , 000 years, they said.Mass extinctions are just as severe as their name suggests. There have been five mass extinction events in the Earth, 'eachiwtorng out between 70 % and 95% of the species ofplants, animals and micro

40、organisms. The most recent, 66 million years ago , saw dinosaurs disappear. The past events were caused by catastrophic changes of the environment, including massive volcanic eruptions or collision with an asteroid.s caused byThe sixth mass extinction the one happening now is different: scientists s

41、ay it humans. The researchers also said the current coronavirus（冠状病毒）crisis shows people recklessness信莽）towards nature can seriously hurt themselves. Many endangered species are dying in large numbers due to the trade in wild animals and plants.12. What does the underlined word“toxic ” in Para. 2 me

42、an?A. PoisonousB. UsefulC. AlternativeD. Environment-friendly13. How does the writer convince readers of the seriousness of the mass extinctions?A. By listing reliable statistics.B. By imagining a picture of the extinctions.C. By mentioning some news from CNN.D. By explaining the history of the exti

43、nctions.14. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To tell the difference between the fifth and sixth extinction.B. To explain the cause of the coronavirus crisis.C. To warn humans to get rid of their wrong actions.D. To show the writer s concern about the endangered species.15. What does this

44、 article mainly talk about?A. The changes of the environment do harm to wildlife.B The sixth mass extinction is much faster than expected.C. Mass extinctions are just as severe as their name suggests.D. The current coronavirus has arisen from the illegal trade.【答案】 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文

45、。 文章讲述了第六次大灭绝正在到来， 且比我们想象的来得快。 同时文章分析了产生第六次大灭绝的原因，即人类的行为。【12 题详解】词义猜测题。 根据第二段第一句话， 人类已经使数百种物种灭绝， 并将更多物种推向灭绝的边缘的方式是通过野生动物贸易、污染、毁掉栖息地和toxic substances 的使用。根据句意，B. Useful 有用的； C. Alternative 供A 项。此处应表示“有毒物质”的使用。 A. Poisonous 有毒的；选择的 D. Environment-friendly 环保的。通过分析，故选 【 13 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Gerardo Ceball

46、os Gonzalez, a professor of ecology at the NationalAutonomous University of Mexico and one of the authors of the study ， said approximately 173 species went extinct between 2001 and 2014.“ 173 species is 25 times more extinct species thanyou would expect under the normal extinction rate. ” he told C

47、NN in an email. He and his team found that in the past 100 years， more than 400 vertebrate species went extinct. In the normal course of evolution , such extinctions would have taken up to 10 , 000 years, they said （墨西哥国立自 治大学的生态学教授、该研究的作者之一Gerardo Ceballos Gonzalez 表示， 2001 年至 2014年间，大约有173 个物种灭绝。

48、173 个物种的灭绝数量是正常灭绝率下的 25 倍。他在电子邮件中告诉CNN 。他和他的团队发现,在过去的 100年里 ,超过 400种的脊椎动物物种灭绝。他们说，在正常的进化过程中， 这样的灭绝会持续一万年之久）可知， 作者通过列出可靠的 统计数据，使读者相信大规模灭绝的严重性。故选 A 项。 【14 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段The sixth mass extinction the one happening now is different ：Scientists say it s caused by humans. The researchers also said the c

49、urrent coronavirus crisis shows people s recklessness towards nature can seriously hurt themselves. Maneyndangered species are dying in large numbers due to the trade inwild animals and plants （现在正在发生的第六次大灭绝是不同的:科学家说它是由人类引起的。研究人员还表示, 目前冠状病毒危机显示了人类对自然的鲁莽会严重伤害自己。 由于野生动植物贸易， 许多濒危物种正在大量死 亡） 可知， 现在正在进行的第

50、六次大灭绝和人类的错误行为有关。 人类的活动导致了许多濒 危物种正在大量死亡。 最终人类也会伤害到自己。 综合分析， 最后一段的目的是警告人类去 除他们的错误行为。故选 C 项。【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段The sixth mass extinction is not a worry for the future. It shappening now ， much faster than previously expected ， and it's entirely our fault （第六次大灭绝 并不是未来的担忧。它现在发生了，比之前预期的要快得多，完全是我们的

51、错）可知，第六 次大灭绝正在到来， 而且比我们预期的还要快。 再根据文章最后一段可知， 第六次大灭绝是 由人类造成的， 并且最终会危害到人类。 综合分析， 本篇文章讲述的是由于人类行为导致的第六次大灭绝的到来，且比我们预期来的快。故选 B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。Do you have difficulty falling asleep at night? If so , here is a piece of advice for you: listen to some soft m

52、usic.16 This works for sleepers of all ages, and even for those with sleeping problems. Soft music can help us fall asleep faster, wake up less during the night and feel more rested in the morning. You may not notice the effects overnight , though. 17.Why can soft music help us sleep better?The reas

53、ons aren' t clear yet. It may have something todo with the relaxing effect of a good song. Music can have real physical effects , too. Soft music can lower our heart rate and slow down our breathing. 18.Scientists say that for most people, music that has 70 beats per minute works best 19.Familia

54、r songs work well , too. You may need to experiment to make your own playlists. If you are not sure how many heats a song has in a minute you can find out by entering its title into songbpm. com. And remember to get the volume right. 20. Otherwise , you may be woken up by thesudden silence.It is ver

55、y important to get enough high-quality sleep. Before you go to bed tonight , play some soft music. Then , just prepare to be rocked off to dreamland!A. This prepares us for sleepB. Make sure that the final piece is one that slowly fades outC. It would take as many as three weeks to see any improveme

56、ntsD. Therelore, folk music is something that anyone can understandE. Classical, jazz and folk music are usually more effective than other musical stylesF. Scientists have found that soft music can help to improve sleep quality and quantityG. Music plays a more important role in our life than just b

57、eing a source of entertainment【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者告诉我们轻音乐有助于我们提高睡眠质量，增加睡眠时间。【16题详解】划线后提到“这个方法对所有年龄段的睡眠者都有效，甚至对那些有睡眠问题的人也有 效”。同时划线后在第二句话也提到了 “轻音乐可以帮助我们更快地入睡，在晚上少醒来， 在早上感觉更休息的更好”。由此可知，F项“科学家发现，轻音乐可以帮助改善睡眠质量和睡眠时间”统领下文， 且划线后的this指代F项的“轻音乐改善睡眠质量和睡眠时间”这 个发现。因此F项切题。故选 F项。【17题详解】根据前句提到“不过，你可能不会在一夜之间注意到这些效果”可知， C项“可能需要长达三周的时间才能看到任何改善”是对前句进行补充说明。因此C项切题。故选C项。【18题详解】根据前句提到“轻音乐可以降低我们的心率和呼吸速度”可知，A项“为我们睡觉做好准备”和前句构成因果关系，且 A项中的this指代前句提及的“降低我们的心率和呼吸速 度”。因