动词的ing形式作定语和状语

1、动词的ing形式作定语和状语动词动词-ing形式在句中作定语和状语形式在句中作定语和状语1. 作定语作定语 单个的动词单个的动词-ing形式修饰名词，作定语形式修饰名词，作定语,放在名词的放在名词的前面，这时有前面，这时有3种情况。种情况。(1)动词动词-ing形式，表示所修饰名词的用途，形式，表示所修饰名词的用途，“供作供作.之用之用”, 这类作定语的这类作定语的-ing形式叫动名词。形式叫动名词。 a swimming poola walking stick=a stick for walking= a pool for swimming(2)动词动词-ing形式，表示所修饰名词的性质特征

2、形式，表示所修饰名词的性质特征a moving storyexciting news(3)动词动词-ing形式，表示形式，表示“.的的”意思意思, 此时含有此时含有“正正在在”的意思，这类作定语的的意思，这类作定语的-ing形式形式叫现在分词。叫现在分词。 a sleeping boy a walking man= a boy who is sleeping= a man who is walking动词动词 -ing 形式是短语，应放在所修饰的名词后面，形式是短语，应放在所修饰的名词后面，相当于一个定语从句。相当于一个定语从句。They are visitors coming from se

3、veral countries.=who come from several countries. They lived in a house facing south.=which faces south.The girl standing there is my classmate.=who stands therePractice: 1)_ dogs seldom bite.Bark B. To bark C. Barked D. Barking2) The wolf spoke in a _ voice and Mr. Dongguo felt_.frightening; fright

4、ened B. frightened; frightened C. frighten; frightening D. frightening; frightening3) Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby.asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept4) The _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming.A. A. shaking B. shook C. shaken D. shake 5. The picture _ on the wall is pa

5、inted by my nephew. Having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung6.Do you know the boy_ under the big tree? lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 7.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 8.-Who is the man _ to the

6、 teacher? -A model worker _ our school. A. talks,visits B. is talking;is visiting A.C. talking;visiting D. talking;visited 现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，句子的主语，但要注意它的各种形式变化：但要注意它的各种形式变化： 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-ed having been V-ed 一般式一般式完成式完成式现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加现在分

7、词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not (never)，即加在含有，即加在含有 ing 这个单词的前面。这个单词的前面。Eg. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。1.When I was walking in th

8、e street, I came across an old friend of mine.2.While he was waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.1)表时间状语表时间状语Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.2) 表原因状语表原因状语 1.Being ill, he didnt go to school.2.Thinking h

9、e might be at home, I called him.As he was ill, he didnt go to school.As I thought he might be at home, I called him. 3)表方式、伴随情况的状语表方式、伴随情况的状语 ：作伴随状语的分：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个 动作，动作，或是或是与谓语所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。充说明。这时候，可以变成一个这时

10、候，可以变成一个 and 连接的并连接的并列句。列句。Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.) 1.他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_ , they went into the classroom.2.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。着墙站着。 He stood leaning against the wall.Laughing and talking 4) 表结果表结果 ( 表示自然而然、顺其自然的结果）表示自然而然、顺其自然的结果） Eg. Her mother d

11、ied in 1990, leaving her an orphan. 全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受 欢欢 迎的歌曲。迎的歌曲。 The song is sung all over thecountry,_. making it the most popular song=Her mother died in 1990, and left her an orphan. 5)表条件表条件 Using your head, you will find a way. 一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。 _,

12、 you will see a white house.Going straight=If you use your head, you will find a way.ing 形式的否定式、完成式及其被动语态（完成式表示形式的否定式、完成式及其被动语态（完成式表示v-ing的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前）的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前）1. Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to ask her sister for help.2. Being built, the buildings are not open to the students.

13、3. Having experienced the bitterness of laziness, Jack made up his mind to work hard.4.Having been told that their parents had had an accident, the twin sisters burst into tears.如果动词如果动词 ing形式的逻辑主语不是形式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语怎么办？句子的主语怎么办？ 动词的动词的ing形式（现在分词）作状语必须形式（现在分词）作状语必须满足一个条件满足一个条件: 现在分词的逻辑主语必须现在分词的逻辑主语必须是句

14、子的主语。是句子的主语。 如果不是这样，那么就要在现在分词的如果不是这样，那么就要在现在分词的前面加上它的逻辑主语，这样就变成了前面加上它的逻辑主语，这样就变成了独立主格结构。独立主格结构。 动词的动词的inging形式形式与逻辑主语构成独立主格与逻辑主语构成独立主格结构：结构：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. . 所有的票已经卖光了，他们

15、失望地离开了。所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。 Time permitting, well do another two exercises. 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。1.European foot ball is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.(NMET 98) B. makes C. made D. to make现在分词表结果状语现在分词表结果状语AI. Multiple Choices2. “Cant you read?” Mary sa

16、id angrily,_ to the notice. (MET93) pointing B. pointed A.C. point D. and pointing现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语A3. _ a reply, he decided to write again.(MET92)Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 4. The student sat there, _ what to do. doesnt knowing B. didnt knowing C.

17、not know D. not knowingCD现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语作原因状语现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语5._ the notice, he had an idea.A. When he was watching B. Watching C. When watching D. all the above6._ the notice, an idea came to his mind.A. When he was watching B. Watching C. When watc

18、hing D. all the above 独立主格结构独立主格结构DA=When he watching 1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. _ _ Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. II. Rewrite the following sentences. Whenapproaching2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages

19、.The person _ _ _ can speak seven languages.translating the songs3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body language. The boy _ _ _ there isreading a book about bodylanguage.who is standing4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question._ _ Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question.Coming from5.Her money _ (steal), she could not buy a ticket for her home.6.the