Module4Rulesandsuggestions词句精讲精练

1、Module 4 Rules and suggestions词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. rule( 1) rule 作名词，意为 “规则 , 规章, 规定 , 条例 ”。 follow/obey the rules 意为 “遵守规则” ；break the rules意为违反规则”。例如：There are a lot of rules in my family. 我们家有很多规定。You should obey the traffic rules. 你应该遵守交通规则。(2) rule 作动词，意为 “统治； 控制 ”。例如：The King ruled his people well and

2、 wisely. 这位国王贤明地统治着他的臣民。Hilter ruled Germany for only 12 years. 希特勒统治德国仅 12 年。2. sound/noise/voice(1) sou nd这个词的使用范围很大，大自然的任何 声音"都可以用sou nd来表示,无论高低、好听难听等。例如：At midnight he heard a strange sound. 半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。( 2) voice 一般指人的声音， 说话、 唱歌等人发出的声响都可以用 voice 表示。例如：Meg raised her voice. 梅格提高了她的声音。(3)

3、noise意为 噪音”，专指人们不喜欢或者不愿意听到的声音。例如：Don' t make any noise!别吵了 ！3 go offgo off 意为 “离开，走掉，走散 ”。例如：He went off in a hurry. 他匆匆走掉了。Do n' t go off the mai n road, or you不要离开大路，否则会迷路的。【拓展】 go off 的其他用法：( 1 ) go off 意为 “发出响声 ”。例如：My alarm clock didn' t go我的闹钟没有响。The alarm went off. 警铃骤然响起。( 2) go

4、off 意为 “变质，变坏 ”。例如：Milk goes off quickly in the hot weather. 牛奶在热天很容易变坏。( 3) go off 意为 “(电灯)熄灭，(电)中断 ”。例如：There was a power cut and all of the lights went off. 停电了，所有的灯熄灭了。4. on one ' s ownon one ' s ov意为独自，单独”，相当于all by on eself或者alo ne。例如：She lives on her own. = She lives all by herself. =

5、 She lives alone. 她一个人生活。This is not group work, Tom, you should do it on your own.这可不是小组活动，汤姆，你应该独自完成。5. clear(1) clear作形容词，意为 与不接触的；与 分离的”，其后常与of连用。例如：Keep clear of fires. 远离火源。Stand clear of the stage. 站得离舞台远些。(2) clear 作形容词，意为 “清澈的；透明的；晴朗的；明白的 ”。例如：How clear the water in the lake is! 湖里的水真清澈啊！St

6、anding on the top of the building, you can see most of the city on a clear day. 在晴朗的天气里，站在这座楼的顶部你能看见这个城市的大部分。"Is that clear? ” the teache明白了吗?"老'师问道。（3）clear 的副词形式有两种： clearly 与 clear。 clearly 表示抽象意义上的 “清楚地 ” clear表示实际上的 清楚地，明显地”。例如：He knows this clearly. 他清楚地知道这一点。I can hear you loud

7、and clear. 我能听见你说话，声音响亮又清楚。（4）clear 还可用作动词，意为 “移除，清除， （天）变晴 ”等。例如：My father usually clears the table after supper. 晚饭后我爸爸常收拾桌子。The sky cleared after the storm. 暴风雨过后天放晴了。6. towardstowards 介词，意为 “向，趋向，朝 ”。常用在动词的后面表示动作的方向，用在表 示时间的名词前则表示 “接近”。例如：He pushed the cup towards me. 他把茶杯推向我。They left towards t

8、en o ' cl他们将近10点钟时离开了。【拓展】 towards to（1 ）towards 指“朝”目的地移动。例如：The dog is coming towards the boy. 狗朝男孩儿走去。（2）to 含有“到达 ”之意。例如：The dog came to the boy. 狗走到男孩儿那儿。7. put up（1） put up 是由“动词+副词 ”构成的动词短语，意为“张贴；公布 ”。例如 :The principal put up the exam result.校长公布了这次考试的结果。（2）put up 意为 “提高；增加；抬高 （租金、价格等 ） ”。

9、例如：My landlord was threatening to put the rent up by 10 dollars a week. 我房东要挟说要把每周房租提高 10美元。【拓展】（1 ） “动词加副词 ”构成的短语，如果宾语是名词时，宾语可以放在副词之前，也可以放在副词之后。例如：Please take the book away. = Please take away the book。请把这本书拿走。I put my coat on. = I put on my coat. 我穿上了我的外套。（2） “动词加副词 ”构成的短语， 如果宾语为代词时， 宾语只能放在副词之前。 例

10、如：I don ' t like the book. Please take it away. 我不喜欢这本书，请把它拿走。（不能说 Please take away it.）I took out my coat and put it on.我拿出了外套，把它穿上。（不能说 put on it）8. look afterlook after 是动词短语，意为 “照顾、照料 ”，后接名词或者代词做宾语。例如：Please look after the little boy. 请照顾一下这个小孩儿。look after 常与词组 take care of 互换。例如：You must lo

11、ok after the cat. = You must take care of the cat.你必须照顾这只猫。词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. 离开，走散 2照顾，照看3. see sb. do 4. on one ' s own5. reach out 6.张贴，公布 7. towards 8. have ton .根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子。1. At school there are(规章)that every one n eeds to follow.2. There were lots of fish living in these( 小溪)before.3. With

12、 a(突然的)noise, the earthquake happened.4. At the end of the book, the writer offers a few helpful( 建议).5. He spoke in a (明白清楚的 )voice so that every one could un dersta ndhim.6. She had to sta nd swhile there was so much traffic going and comingaround her.7. The book was so bori ng that I fell awhile

13、I was readi ng it.8. The policema n made a gto ask the driver to stop the car.9. Over the past 20 years, Guo Min gyi has don ated 60,000 ml of b.10. The city is too no isy and he wants to move to a pvillage.出.从方框内选择适当的单词并用其正确形式完成句子。clear, peaceful, valley, suggestion, asleep, damage, gesture, sudde

14、nly, still, effort, five, direct1. This is theless on .It' s very easy.2. I hope that our world will bewithout war or fight ing.3. This trip was made at his teacher' s.4. We were very surprised to see hischange.5. The earthquake caused seriousto some buildings in Sichuan Province.6. We had a

15、view of the mountains.7. They found a beautifulby a stream behind the mountain.8. We mustn ' t make anywhen we are having exams.9 . The policeme n were mak ing a hugeto save the girl in the middle of theriver.10 . The little boy keptin his chair watch ing TV .11. Some people get used to drinking

16、 a glass of hot milk in the eve ning so that theycan fallmore easily.12 . One of theof the Environment Protecti on Admi nistratio n said it wasnot n ecessary for people to drive six days a week.IV .用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. They hung the food in the tree so as to keep the bear from(eat) it.2. Since there is n

17、othing(do), how about going out for a walk?3. Can we have someth ing(dri nk) now?4. What causes the fish in the river(die)?5. (not get) up too late, or you will miss the bus.6. My grandma sometimes falls asleep while(watch) TV .参考答案I .英汉互译。1. go off 2.look after/take care of 3.看到某人做4.独自，单独5伸出 6. put

18、 up7.向，朝 8.不得不n.根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子。1. rules2. streams3. sudde n4. suggesti ons5. clear6. still7. asleep8. gesture9. blood10. peacefulin.从方框内选择 适当的单词并用适当形式完成句子。1.fifth 2.peaceful 3.suggesti on4.sudde n5.damage 6.clear7. valley8.gestures 9.effort10.still 11.asleep 12.directorsIV .用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. eating 2.

19、to do 3.to drink 4.to die5.Don ' t get 6.watching句式精讲1. What does Betty ' s mum suggest Betty should not do?本句中的suggest意为 建议”后接that引导的宾语从句，that从句用should+动词 原形，should可以省略不写。例如：She suggested that the class meet ing (should) not be held on Saturday.她建议班会不要在星期六举行。We suggested that he (should) go

20、 and make an apology to his teacher.我们建议他去向老师道歉。【拓展】suggest的其他用法：(1) 可接名词做宾语。例如：We suggested a visit to the museum the n ext day.我们建议明天去参观博物馆。(2) 可接动名词做宾语。例如：I suggested putt ing off the sports meet.我建议将运动会延期。They suggested waiting until the proper time.他们建议 俄们)等到恰当的时机才行动。(3) suggest也表示 提出"的意思。

21、例如：He suggested a differe nt pla n to his boss.他向老板提出了一个不同的计划。Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem.小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法。2. You may need some later.(1) need作动词，意为 需要、必须”既可作实义动词又可作情态动词。need当做实义动词时，可表示为need to do或need sth,后面的不定式必须加to。 例如：You n eed to take good care of your mother. 你要好好照顾你妈妈。We n

22、eed a lot of money now. 我们需要很多钱。(2) need当作情态动词时。可表示为need do sth.,否定形式为 need not do sth.例 如：I n eed finish my homework. 我需要完成作业。He need n ot go there by car.他没必要开车去那里。3. And you have to keep together so you don' t get lost.have to意为 不得不，必须”表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。例如：She isn ' t very

23、well these days and she has to stay at home. 她这些天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。You don ' t have to tell me this你不必告诉我这件事。 Do you have to do everything? 什么事都得你做吗？ She doesn ' t have to come this afternoc今天下午她不必来。【拓展】must 与 have to 的辨析：have to 侧重于客观需要，含有 “不得不 ”或“被迫 ”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为 don ' t have意为 不必” ”mus

24、t 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式 mustn' t意为一定不要；不允许”。例如：You must do your homework first. 你必须先做作业。It ' s raining. I have to st ayt home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。口诀：主观职责”说 必须”，must赶紧用上去；若是 环境”“得不”，赶紧换用haveto。4. I saw a baby bear playing with some sticks and stones.see sb./sth. doi

25、ng sth.意为 看到 正在做某事”，表示看到的动作正在发生或进 行。see sb./sth. do sth.意为 看见 做某事了 ”，通常是指看到动作的全过程或者 强调某事经常发生。例如：I saw Li Ming playing near the river on my way home yesterday. 昨天在我回家路上，我看见李明正在河边玩儿。I often see Li Ming play near the river on my way home. 我经常在回家的路上看见李明在河边玩儿。5. If I reach out, I can just touch him.reach

26、 out意为 伸出（手等）”。reach在这里意为 伸出”。例如： Don' t reach out, or it will hurt you. 不要伸出手去，否则它会伤害你。【拓展】（ 1） reach out to sb. 意为 “愿意对某人提供帮助 ”。例如：We should reach out to those who are in trouble. 我们应当向那些处于困境的人伸出援助之手。（2） reach out （one' s hand） f或者.reach for sth.意为 伸出手去拿某物”。例如： The boy is trying to reach （

27、out） for a book on the shelf.那个男孩儿正努力伸手去够架子上的一本书。 句式精练I .句型转换。1. The little boy can read some poems in English （改为否定句 ） The little boy read poems in English 2 Must they be quiet?（ 作否定回答 ）, they 3He' d better take the course （改为否定句 ）He' d better the course4. I ' d like to play the violin

28、（改为一般疑问句）play the violi n?5. she has to go through the square at night.（对画线部分提问）sheto go through the square?6. Let ' s go rock climbing this weekend.改为反义疑问句 ）Let ' s go rock climbing this weekend?n .根据汉语意思完成句子（每空一词）。1. 学生们一有时间，就会尽可能经常去科学馆。The stude nts will go to the scie nee museumthey are

29、free.2. 违反纪律是不对的。It is wrong to be.3. 他们认为我没有注意他们所说的。Theywe paid atte nti on to what they said.4. 他让我移开那个令人惊奇的塑像。Hemeto move away the amaz ing sculpture.5. 我认为他们不让我们动那些展品。I don ' t think theyeexhibits.6. 他让我去问那位正在做物理实验的老师。Hemethe teacher who was maki ng a physical experime nt now.7. 这个包怎么了？它装满了流沙。the bag? Itfalli ng sand.8. 我们花费了十分钟把四个轮子的车放在正确的位置。Wethe cart on four wheels into correct posit on.9. 你最好顺便看望一下你最亲近的朋友。You' d betteryour closest friend.10. 学生们正忙着准备去观光。Stude ntsgoi ng sightseei ng.川.补全对话。 根据对话内容，从方框内选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。A