桥梁工程外文翻译--新巴达洛纳铁路桥

1、The New Badalona Railway Bridge A Structure for the CitySummary The design of structures in metropolitan habitats is always a challenge due to the important number of requirements to fulfil. Design especially when it deals with railways or roads has to combine the needs of those infrastructures with

2、 the human environment, which is the case of the railway bridge in the city of Badalona. Nowadays the city area that faces the sea is occupied by contaminating industries. The council is trying to open the city to the Mediterranean Sea, demolishing unsightly and useless buildings and changing the us

3、e of the ones with architectural or technical value. Now a beach and a yachting harbour are being built. A railway line runs parallel to the coast dividing the centre of the city from the shore area. There are no funds to construct a tunnel for the railway line, consequently a bridge has to be built

4、 to increase the connection between the centre of the city and the new coast facilities. A design competition was carried out for a railway bridge, which will cross a new pedestrian area, a part of the new harbour and two streets. The contract for the bridge design was awarded to FHECOR Consulting E

5、ngineers on the basis of a preliminary design. The idea of the proposal was to combine functionality, structural rationality, aesthetics and low construction and maintenance costs. Also the client has the intention to construct the bridge as a landmark that will be the image of the new urban develop

6、ment. Keywords: Urban Bridge, Railway, Prestressed, Structural shape. 1. Introduction Badalona is a major satellite city of Barcelona on the Mediterranean coast. The nucleus of the city is cut off from the shoreline by the railway line which connects the different suburban centres of Barcelona locat

7、ed along the Mediterranean coast. The railway line is currently one of the Spanish Railway Consortiums (RENFE) most profitable passenger lines. Along the railway line industrial buildings have sprung up over the years forming a once important industrial centre but at the same time furthering the ali

8、enation of the people of Badalona from the sea. In order to try to regenerate the coast and improve its connection with the urban centre, the City of Badalona together with the Comarcal Council of Barcelona have created Marina de Badalona S.A. whose main purpose is to regenerate the urban landscape

9、by carrying out a major urban development project which includes a port for sport boats and fishing, the reconditioning of existing interesting industrial buildings for other use and the demolishing of more common warehouses and other constructions in order to make room for apartment and service bui

10、ldings. The construction of the new port or marina involves the building of a new canal which will cross the existing railway line extending into the land about 350 m. This canal will serve as parking docks for the boats. In order to create this new waterway and allow the crossing of the existing ra

11、ilway line, a new bridge is needed (see fig 1). In this paper the conception process of this bridge, which will become a symbol of the urban development is described.2. Main condition to be fulfilled by the bridge The main conditions to be fulfilled by the bridge are the following: ·The bridge

12、width must fulfil the horizontal and vertical clearance conditions of the railway line.·The depth of the deck needs to be small due to the very strict vertical clearance.·The horizontal channel clearance needs to be at least 45 meters, although it is desirable not to locate any supports wi

13、thin the canal. This last condition results in a main span of at least 72 m.·The bridge must also leave clearance for port operation roads on both sides of the canal and cross over a roundabout carrying local traffic.·Since it is a railway bridge it cannot be a very light structure. It req

14、uires appropriate stiffness and bearing capacity.·In spite of the last point, the bridge is conceived as a symbol of the urban development and therefore aesthetical conditions are of great importance. ·This last point cannot however result in a very expensive structure due to the fact that

15、 the budget is very limited and this is a major condition of the project. The cost of the structure must also bear in mind maintenance issues especially in a structure located next to the shoreline. FHECOR consulting engineers participated in a contest called by Marina de Badalona S.A. and was award

16、ed the contract of the design of the new bridge with a simple, elegant, economic and structurally efficient solution. 3. Description of the proposed solution The proposed solution is a 5 span presstressed concrete bridge with spans of 39.00, 78.00, 39.00, 30.00 and 21.00 meters. The cross section is

17、 formed by two webs of variable height (the total depth of the bridge varies from 1.90 m centre of main span and access spans - to 6.50 m over de main piers). The deck depth therefore mirrors the bending moment law (see fig. 3).The webs are connected by means of prefabricated presstressed beams. The

18、se beams form ribs through which the light can shine. This is an important feature of the bridge which is conceived to illuminate the walkways and to counteract the high bridge width to bridge height ratio. This light also offers an image for the railroad due to its discontinuity.Figure 4 shows the

19、two typical bridge cross sections (support at main piers and central span). Figure 5 shows the light effect given by the central opening.Another important feature of the bridge design is the position of the outer cantilever slabs. These slabs are used as a compression slab at the critical cross sect

20、ions. Since compressions are located at the bottom of the cross section at the supports (negative bending), and at the top of the cross section at centre span the span (positive bending) the compression slab travels along the bridge axis to be at each section where it is more efficient, following an

21、 old idea used by Nervi in the UNESCO building in Paris. This feature also produces an attractive design, providing both structural efficiency and aesthetical value to the structure. The piers, whose design is still being optimised from an aesthetical point of view are conceived as robust elements d

22、ue to the fact that given their small height they cannot be very slender and fulfil at the same time resisting conditions and provide enough space to locate the bridges pot bearings. The cross section is reduced by vertical channels which will allow the introduction of lighting under the structure a

23、s well as special designs yet to be conceived. Figure 6 shows the geometry adopted for the main piers.The bridge is anchored at abutment 1 in order to absorb the high forces resulting from train breaking, which are equivalent to 25% of the train weight. At the other abutment a joint is provided as w

24、ell as a slab supported over walls, designed to carry the railway expansion apparatus meant to allow the bridge movement without affecting the railway serviceability conditions. A large space is thereby generated at abutment 2 which could be used in the future as stock space. Figure 7 shows the main

25、 design ideas of the abutments.4. Final remarks The proposed structure for the bridging of the Canal of the future sports and fishing port of Badalona fulfils all the requirements of the project. It is a robust bridge as is necessary for the serviceability of the railway line, it is structurally sou

26、nd with a special shape derived from its structural functionality. The whole gives rise to an interesting structure which will serve as a symbol for the Port of Badalona without an unjustified high economic cost.新巴达洛纳铁路桥摘要在大城市居所里的结构设计总是一个对于完成需求重要系数的挑战。 设计，特别是当它涉及铁路或道路中，必须与人的环境相协调的那些基础设施的需要，罢达洛纳的的铁路桥

27、就是一个例子。现如今临海的城市区域被污染产业占领。城市管理委员会设法面向地中海开放城市，拆毁难看和无用的大楼或者改变对它们的建筑或技术价值的利用方式。现在建起了一个沙滩和一个快艇港口。有一条铁路线与岸区域的海岸平行，将城市的中心与海岸隔离了开来。没有修建一个隧道式铁路线的资金，因而必须被修筑一座桥梁以增加城市的中心和海岸新设施之间的连系。为建造一座铁路桥，发起了一次设计竞标，该桥将穿过城市的一个新的步行区域、新的港口的部分和二条街道。 桥梁设计的合同被交由FHECOR咨询工程师拟定一个初步设计。提案的理念是将功能、结构合理性、美学和低建筑、低维修费用相结合。并且也有意图修建一座成为将来新的都市

28、发展标志的桥梁。关键词： 都市桥梁，铁路，预应力，结构形状。1. 简介巴达洛纳是巴塞罗那靠地中海海岸附近重要的卫星城市。城市的中坚力量与海岸之间的联系被连接巴塞罗那郊区的铁路线路所切断。该铁路线是西班牙联合铁路集团收益颇丰的客运线路之一。多年来，沿着铁路线工厂厂房出现了形成了一个重要工业中心，但是同时却也让巴达洛纳的人们远离大海。为了设法重建海岸和增强其与市中心之间的联系，巴达洛纳与巴塞罗那发展委员会合作设法改进它的与市区的连接。巴达洛纳市发起了一个主要目的在于重建都市风景的一个都市发展项目，其中包括为体育船只和渔船修建停船港。重造其他的现有的有价值的工厂厂房做为其他用途和拆毁仓库和的小游艇船

29、坞等建筑，是为了给公寓和服务楼腾出空间。新的口岸或小游艇船坞的建筑包含一条运河，它将跨过一条大约350 m.的铁路线。这条运河可作为小船的停船坞。 为了建造这条新的水路和穿越现有的铁路线，有必要修建一座新的桥梁 (参见图1)。 在本文中，这座桥梁的构想过程将被描述为都市发展的标志。2.桥梁建造需满足的条件 该桥主要须满足的条件有以下内容：·桥梁宽度必须符合铁路线的横向和纵向有关条件。·桥梁建筑高度，需要非常严格的要求。·横向通道宽度，必须至少有45米，虽然这取的是运河无任何支持的情况。最后的结论是，一个主跨至少72米。·桥梁，也必须在道路两边留出地方让运河的港口运作，还要留出一个回旋距离给当地的交通。·既然它是一座铁路桥，它不可能是一个很轻的结构。它需要有适当的刚度和承载能力。 ·最后一点，大桥被看作是城市发展的一个象征，因此，美