江苏省宜兴市汇文中学八年级英语下册Unit1PastandPresent导学案3(无答案)(新版)牛津版

1、Unit 1 【课前自主学习】 重点词组和句型翻译 1. 我看过这本书许多次了。 _ 2. 我们好几年没看到彼此了。 _ 3. 我父母还没有回来。 _ 4. 你最近看过电影吗？ _ 5. 在过去的一个世纪里 _ 6. 更多了解 _ 【课堂知识点拨】 语法讲解 现在完成时(the present pefect tense ) 一.现在完成时的定义 1. We use the prese nt perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the prese nt.( 从过去开始一直持

2、续到现在的动作 ). 1) I have lived here since I was born. 2) He has lived here since he came to Nanjing. 2. We use the prese nt perfect tense to talk about an action that happe ned in the past and has a conn ection with the prese nt.( 发生在过去并和现在有联系的动作 ) 1) Eddie has just eaten Hobo s food. (Eddie ate the foo

3、d, and now Hobo has nothing to eat.) 2) I have lost my mobile phone. (I lost my mobile pho ne, and now I have no mobile pho ne to use.) 3. We also use the prese nt perfect tense to talk about how many times an action has happened till now. (到现在为 止动作发生了多少次 ) I have already read this book ma ny times.

4、 .现在完成时的结构 1. 现在完成时的肯定句 主语+ _ + e.g. I have fini shed my homework. He has writte n six poems. They have see n that film. 2. 现在完成时的否定句 主语+ _ + e.g. I have not see n the movie yet. He hasn t come here yet. h asn t = _ 3. 现在完成时的一般疑问句 _ + 主语+ Yes, 主语 + have / has. No, haven t = _ 主语 + have / has not. _

5、+ . ? 4. 现在完成时的特殊疑问句e.g. 1) I have fini shed the work.( _ you _ the work? 2) She has arrived here.( _ she _ here? 改成一般疑问并回答） Yes, I _ . / No, I _ . 改成一般疑问并回答） Yes, she _ . / No, she _ 3 特殊疑问词 + have / has + 主语+ V. pp + . ? e.g. I have lived here since I came here. _ (戈 U 线提问) _ you _ here? 三.规则动词的过去

6、分词的构成 1.大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只需在动词后加 -ed ； work T l isten jump T visit T 2.在以-e 结尾的动词后只加-d ; close T like T agree T moveT 3. 在以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，应将 y 改为 i 再加 ed; study T carry T try T worry T 4. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加 -ed ; stop T _ drop T _ 四不规则动词的过去分词的构成 1. 有些动词的原形和过去分词相同； put T put hurt T hurt become T

7、become run T run 2. 改变单词中间元音字母； sit Tsat win Twon hold T held 3. 把单词结尾的字母 d 改为 t ; lend Tlent spend T spent send T sent 4. 以 eep 结尾的动词，把 eep 改为 ept ; keep T kept sleep T slept 5. 过去分词以 aught 或 ought 结尾； teach T taught catch T caught buy T bought 6. 以 ay 结尾的动词，把 ay 变成 aid; say T_ pay T _ 7. 在原形词尾力口 n

8、 或 en; give T _ eat T _ 还有些动词的过去分词是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。（课本第 122 五.现在完成时常用的标志词 1. already 与 yet 2. ever 与 never ever 曾经 主要用于疑问句 (放句中) never 从不 主要用于否定句 (放句中) 1) - _ you ever _(eat) Beiji ng Duck?-No, _ 2) He _ n ever _ (read) the story. 3) She s never seen the film, _ ? 3. just 与 recen tly just 冈財 already 已经”

9、（用于肯定句中，常放于行 yet yet 用于否定句中 用于疑问句中 是 already 的否定词 “已经， 还， 仍然” 为动词之前，其他动词之后 ） （放于句末） 1 ) I _ already _ the film.( 我已看过这部电影了 ） 否：I _ the film _ . 疑： _ you _ the film _ ? 2) I _ (not have) lunch yet. “还“已No , not _ 用于肯定句中 （放句中） 4 recently 不久前，最近 用于各种句式中 (放句中) 1) I _ just _ (see) him. 2) She _ (not see

10、) them recen tly. 3) _ you _ (use) it recen tly? 4) She _ (be) busy recen tly. 4. since 和 for + 一段时间常用现在完成时 短语=for + 一段时间 句子(用一般过去时) 1) 常用现在完成时 for+一段时间 动词必须可以延续 3) I 用 How long 提问 1) I _ (begi n) to work here in 2000 =I _ here since 2000. 2) They _ (not meet ) each other for years. 3) She _ (feel)

11、lon ely since she _ (move) here. since 短语和 for + 一段时间都用 how long 提问 4) I have lived here since I was born.( _ 戈 U 线提问) _ you _ here? 5. 次数(twice/ three times/ .)和 before(以前)单独放句末常用现在完成时 1) He _ (see) the film twice. _ he see n the film? 2) _ you _ (be) to Beiji ng Before? 6. over the (past/last) yea

12、rs 在(过去的)这几年间 e.g. Great changes _ (take) place over the past ten years. 7. so far , up to now, un til/till now e. g. We _ (lear n) many En glish songs so . far. 【课后巩固】 -、改写句子 1.1 ve already had dinner.( 否 )I _ dinner _ . 2. He has already finished his homework.(否)He _ his homework 3. Mum s never co

13、oked the dinner. (反义疑问句)Mum s never cooked the dinner, ? 4. I have already done my homework.(疑) _ you _ your homework _ ? 5. She s ever read the book .(反义疑问句) She s ever read the book , _ _ ? 6. I worked here last year.( 用 since 改写句子) I _ here _ last year 二.用所给动词的正确时态完成句子 1. Jack s mother isn t at h

14、ome. She _ (go) to the supermarket. 2. _ he ever _ (ride) a bike? 3. Li Ming _ (hurt) his arm last week. He _ already _ (stay) in bed 5 for five days. 4. Yesterday she _ (buy) one book. She _ (not read) it since the n. 5. I _ already _ (lose) my pen. I _(buy) it two days ago. 6. I _ (have) dinn er.

15、I am full. 7. We _ (read) this story twice. 8. They _ (see) the movie before. 9. She _ ust _ (buy) some nice toys. 10. He _ (not finish) the homework yet. He will try to finish it quickly. 11. _ Tom _ (write) letters to you recen tly? 12. We _ (move) to the new flat since last mon th. 13. The film _

16、 (be) on for about 20 minutes. Wemissed the beginning. 三.汉译英 1. 你已经制作好生日贺卡了吗？ _ maki ng the birthday card _ ? 2. 我已经吃过早饭了，现在一点也不饿。 I _ breakfast, and now I am not hungry at all. 3. 你这周日准备做什么？一 还没决定。 What are you going to do this Sun day? I _ . 4. 你读过哈利波特这本书么？ 一是的，我已经读过好多遍了。 the book Harry Porter ? Yes, I _ it several