高中英语--动词过去分词作定语和表语ppt课件

1、GrammarPast Participle Used as Attribute and PredicativeTask oneLook at the following story and find the usage of past participle (“-ed)StorylA boy called Tom went to the cinema one night. It was a horror film, but he was interested in it. Sometimes he felt excited, sometimes he felt frightened. Aft

2、er the film, the tired boy came back home. Once home, the exhausted boyKey pointsl“-ed can be used as _ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies.l eg. tired/exhausted/excited boy l a boy called Toml“ed can also be put after the link-verbs (be, feel, become, get, seem) and used as _ .l eg

3、. be interested in l feel excited/frightenedattributepredicativeTask twoCan you find out the position of “ed used as attribute from these examples?injured fingers 一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指 a finger injured in the accidentspoken English 英语口语英语口语 a language spoken by many peoplewritten exercises 书面练习书面练习 a book

4、written by Lu XunKey pointslSingle “-ed word is usually used _ the noun it modifies.l单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。前。l“-ed phrase is usually used _the noun it modifies.l过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。后。afterbeforeTask three Please find more examples in the reading passage of e

5、ach usage.AttributelSo many thousands of terrified peoplel died lsoon the affected person died. lHe immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street lthat polluted water carried the virus.lhelp ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water

6、 from London. PredicativelBut he became inspired when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.lHe was determined to find out why.过去分词作定语和表语总结过去分词作定语和表语总结一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语1.1.单个的过去分词作定语时普通兼有被动和完成

7、单个的过去分词作定语时普通兼有被动和完成的 意 义 ， 常 作 前 置 定 语的 意 义 ， 常 作 前 置 定 语 ( p r e p o s e d ( p r e p o s e d attribute )attribute )。 eg. terrified people eg. terrified people 遭到惊吓的人们遭到惊吓的人们 polluted water polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水 a closed door a closed door 封锁的门封锁的门留意：留意： -ed -ed作前置定语时，有时只需被动意义。作前置定语时，有时只需被动意义。

8、eg. spoken English eg. spoken English 英语口英语口语语 written exercises written exercises 书书面练习面练习一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语少数表示位移或形状改动的不及物动词的过少数表示位移或形状改动的不及物动词的过去分词做前置定语时只需完成的意义去分词做前置定语时只需完成的意义 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳 the developed countries 兴隆国家兴隆国家 a returned student 一名留学生一名留学生 a retired t

9、eacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语2.2.过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义。 eg. eg. The books written by Lu Xun are The books written by Lu Xun are popular popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。 We Well go to visit the bridge ll go to visit the bridge built built hundreds of years ago hundreds of years a

10、go 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。 He found that it came from the He found that it came from the river river polluted by the dirty water. polluted by the dirty water. 他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语3. 过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省略式的定语从句。 e.g The books, (which were) written by Lu Xun, were ver

11、y popular. The bridge, (which was) built in 1999, is very beautiful.如今分词和过去分词做定如今分词和过去分词做定语的区别语的区别l如今分词表示自动，过去分词表示被动。如今分词表示自动，过去分词表示被动。l如今分词表示进展，过去分词表示形状或完成。如今分词表示进展，过去分词表示形状或完成。l boiling water 正在烧正在烧(煮沸煮沸)的水的水l boiled water 已煮沸的水已煮沸的水l developing countries 开展中国家开展中国家l developed countries 兴隆国家兴隆国家l

12、falling leaves 落叶落叶(正在进展正在进展)l fallen leaves 落叶落叶(曾经完成曾经完成)如今分词和过去分词做定如今分词和过去分词做定语的区别语的区别The boy killing the dog is her brother. The boy killed by the man is her brother.考题练练看考题练练看1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. fi

13、rst playing D. to be first playing解析：解析：A first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.如今分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词如今分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。是主谓关系。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。考题练练看考题练练看2.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D.

14、 had been invited 解析：解析：A 调查过去分词作后置定语，与所调查过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。修饰的名词之间是被动关系。考题练练看考题练练看3. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known解析：解析：D考题练练看考题练练看4. I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm. A. to

15、 catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching 解析：解析：B 小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以运用过去分词作后置定语。以运用过去分词作后置定语。 二、过去分词作表语二、过去分词作表语1.1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受或过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受或所处的形状。所处的形状。 No wonder he was so excited. No wonder he was so excited.可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有： delighted, disappointed, upset, delig

16、hted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, astonished, excited, frightened, interested, puzzled, exhausted, interested, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied, inspired, surprised, satisfied, inspired, surprised, pleasedpleased二、过去分词作表语二、过去分词作表语2.许多动词的过去分词曾经被当作描画词运用。如：broken, disappointed, e

17、xcited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。 过去分词作表语与被过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别动语态的区别l-ed作表语主要表示动作的完成和作表语主要表示动作的完成和形状，相当于一个描画词；形状，相当于一个描画词；l被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的接受者，后面常句子主语为动作的接受者，后面常跟跟by短语。短语。l The glass is broken.l The glass was broken by Tom.过去分词作表语与如过去分词作表语与如今分词作表语的区别今分词作表语的区别l-ing

18、表自动与进展，常用于表示事物表自动与进展，常用于表示事物的性质，汉语常翻译为的性质，汉语常翻译为“(某事某事/物物)使使人人,令人令人 ；l-ed 含有被动的意思，经常用于阐明含有被动的意思，经常用于阐明人的觉得，汉语常译为人的觉得，汉语常译为“(某人某人)感到感到。leg. What he said was encouraging.l We were encouraged at what he said.-ed作表语与作表语与-ing作表语作表语的区别的区别此类词常见的有：此类词常见的有：surprising, surprised; exciting, excited; interestin

19、g, interested; astonishing, astonished; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; satisfying, satisfied; inspiring, inspired; pleasing, pleased; tiring, tired; boring, bored.考题练练看考题练练看1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bo

20、red D. tiring; boring 解析：解析： A。第一空应填。第一空应填tired，来源于，来源于系表构造系表构造be tired of；第二空表令人；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，应填如今分词感到枯燥的，应填如今分词boring。 考题练练看考题练练看2. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 解析：解析：C 该题调查分词作表语的用该题调查分词作表语的用法。法。“to pay sb by the hour 计时给某人报酬。此题被动构造计时给某人报

21、酬。此题被动构造作表语。类似的有：作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.考题练练看考题练练看3. As soon as he entered the city, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. grew lost D. got lost 解析：解析： D get lost 迷路了迷路了4. What surprised me most was that the leader of that country got _ . A. kill B. killing C. killed D. to be kill

22、ed 解析：解析：C 过去分词表被动过去分词表被动考题练练看考题练练看5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 解析：解析： C。remain seated 为系为系表构造，不具有被动颜色。表构造，不具有被动颜色。 考题练练看考题练练看 6. - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells de

23、licious. - Mm. It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 解析： D。pleased，称心的； pleasant，令人愉快的。 Task fourlComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Preposed AttributePostpositive Attribute1. terrified people1. people terr

24、ified of2. reserved seats2. 3. polluted water3. 4. a crowded room4. 5. a pleased winner5. seats reserved for water polluted by a room crowded with a winner pleased withTask four6. astonished children 7. a broken vase8. a closed door9. the tired audience10. a trapped animalTask five lComplete the sen

25、tences using the past participle given to you as the predicative.l1. He got _ about losing the l money.l2. The painter looked so _ after l working for a whole day. tired blamed infected shocked excited disappointed blamedtiredTask fivel3. I was _ with he film I saw l last night. I had expected it to be better.l