《跨文化交际》考试试题附答案

1、跨文化交际试题（附答案） Paper 1 Communi catio n An alysis The followi ng are three differe nt cases of cross-cultural com muni catio n. In each of the cases there is someth ing to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful com muni catio n or cultural un dersta ndin g.? Qu

2、esti on 1 Case 1: Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Bain es, who has no kno wledge of Chin ese at all. They are hav ing dinner in a restaura nt. Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of Chinas most famous dishes. Youll love it! Luke: No, tha nks. I dont like duck. I p

3、refer chicke n.? Questi on 2 Case 2: Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at a British uni versity for somem on ths. It has not bee n totally successful. They are discussing the situation in the laboratory. Feng Li: I dont know where it went wrong! Tom, Dont feel so bad. Chee

4、r up, youve done your job. Feng Li: But our experime nt has tur ned out to be a failure. Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I ll face the music. Feng Li: Tom, we are not playi ng childre ns games here. This is a scie ntific experime nt. Tom, Ive never taken the experiment as child s play, and rm playi

5、ng the game. Feng Li: You say youre play ing the game! Its a rather importa nt experime nt! Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory an grily. Tom is puzzled.? Questi on 3 Case 3: This is a more complex situati on where there are several thi ngs that require more in formed cultural an alysis. Fi nd the c

6、ultural problems and explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. A year later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year s exchange. Jim had n ever bee n to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical pia no

7、con cert performed by a famous Chin ese pia ni st. During the performa nee people were talk ing and at one stage some one ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened several times duri ng the eve nin g. It als

8、o happe ned whe n two sin gers were on stage singing some songs that he was play ing. Jim thought all these things quite stra nge. At the end of the performa nee the audie nee applauded the pia nist and he applauded them. The audie nee bega n to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.? Paper

9、2 Vocabulary Choose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the senten ces. Write the correct words in the spaces provided in your answer sheet. Do not change the forms of the words. ? Commu nity white lies Dutch courage grey areas kin terms vocatio n below the

10、belt buying a round live and let live trouble and strife foot the bill recreati on 4. After twenty five years work ing in the bank she decided on a different _ 5. Fin ally, after arguing about the meal for five minu tes it was decided he would _ _ 6. Despite the circumsta nces of the accide nt there

11、 were still some that n eeded expla nati on. 7. There are manydifferent used when talking about peoples relati on ships in China. 8. Mike! Meet Jane, the . _ 9. Ok, the argume nt is over. Lets forget it, you kno w. 10. People in En glish speaki ng coun tries also avoid los ing face or hurt ing other

12、 people by telli ng . _ 11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture, especially the system of which all members of the group are expected to joi n in. 12. It was a crush ing blow to her, a hit whe n she received the n ews that her husba nd had left her for ano ther woma n. 1

13、3. In China there is a real sense of in social situations.? Paper 3 Tran slatio n? Tran slate the followi ng passage from En glish into Chin ese. Please write your tra nslati on on the an swer sheet. ? What do we mean by Intercultural Communications or IC? This is not a description of the popular tr

14、end toward talking about intern ati on al th ings or going overseas. IC is actually an academic and applied discipli ne that has developed intern ati on ally since the 1950s. Sometimes called cross-cultural com muni cati ons or comparative culture , scholars most often use the prefix inter with the

15、word cultural to describe the interaction between cultures. On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries. On another level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek to understand the relati on ship betwee n Ian

16、guage and culture. Many Chin ese En glish teachers and professors have bee n in terested in this aspect si nee the 1980s - How to teach English in ways that help students also learn the basic com muni cati on practices of Britai n, the USor other En glish speak ing coun tries.? But the discipline of

17、 Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinary applicati on of fields like cultural an thropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), com muni cati on studies, applied linguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is a comprehen

18、sive attempt to un dersta nd all aspects of humancultures and how they in teract with each other.? To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek to un dersta nd traditi on and moder ni zati on, con siste ncy and cha nge. As we understand someof the ongoing national characteristics of a people,

19、 we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside, how it in teracts with other cultures and how it is cha ngin g. In the last thirty odd years, scholars have developed both theoretical framework for comparing cultures and somepractical dimensions for considering the similarity and differenc

20、es between them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Another level of comparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving much attention is Nonverbal Communication.? Paper 4 Reading Passage 1 Questions 15-20 ? In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexi

21、st bias in the English language. It has been argued that someof the vocabulary and grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world as one in which menare dominant and womenplay a secondary role. Take the word chairman for example. While this can in fact apply to people of both

22、 sexes, it appears to somepeople to be male-oriented as it ends in man. In the past people taking the role of chairman were exclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compound of chair and man. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as a compound and no more feel

23、 it to be composed of these two units, than they perceive cupboard to be a composite of cup and board. In addition the continued use of chairman might be defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /mn/ rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman.Despite such considerat

24、ions other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive it as a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about the place of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral terms such as chairperson or chair, so

25、 that it is now possible to ask questions such as; Who is chair of the committee? Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as postman, fireman and policeman with more clearly neutral terms such as postal worker, fire- fighter and police officer . There is, however, continuing co

26、ntroversy about how far such language changes should go. Should changes be considered for traditional idioms as man in the street and titles such as Peking Man? What about those words where the male meaning of man is no longer dominant, such as manhandle? To the extent that changes have taken place,

27、 they have done so more in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper that Postal workers are to receive a pay increase. But Has the postman bee n? would be most likely to be heard in in formal conv ersati on. Here postma n

28、rema ins firmly entren ched in popular usage. The exte nt to which Ian guage reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is a matter of conjecture. Chin ese, Japa nese, Persia n and Turkish do not makethe kinds of sex distinctions English makesthrough its system of pronouns, but it would be difficul

29、t to maintain that males who speak these Ian guages are less sexist tha n males who speak En glish!? An swer the followi ng questi ons accord ing to the above text: ? 15. The general use of the word man added to English words indicates _ A. sexual feeli ngs B. sexual freedom C. sexist ideas D. sexis

30、t bias . 16. Gen erally where Ian guage and sex are concerned in Britain _ A. all people agree cha nge is n eeded B. some people agree cha nge is n eeded C. people cant make up their minds on the issue D. people think the issue is uni mporta nt and not serious 17. What example does the author give t

31、o support a defense of the word chairma n? 18. What does the author argue for whe n the example ma nhan dle is give n? 19. What does the author have to say about the impact of Ian guage changes? 20. What is the authors argument in the final paragraph? Passage 2 Questi ons 21-27 Can Computers Do a Be

32、tter Job Rati ng Stocks? Si nee May, Charles Schwabhas bee n providi ng stock rat ings to clie nts using a computerized system that it says tries to remove human bias. In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid the conflicts of interest that have plagued traditional brokerage firms, wh

33、oseresearch analysts have often acted as cheerleaders for companies being courted by their inv estme nt bankers. We believe that our sin gle biggest adva ntage is our objectivity, said Jerry Chafki n, Schwabs executive vice preside nt for inv estme nt advice and products. While the developme nt of t

34、he methodology is human, the analysis is being performed systematically and automatically. Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company to use a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and Zacks Investment Research, pick stocks in a similar way.

35、The various systems produce very different ratings of individual stocks, and their ability to outperform a market index fund over time has not been proved conclusively. The verdict is still out as to whether computers do it better than people. What is clear, though, is that the major computerized sy

36、stems hand out fewer positive stock ratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out very generously. People who run computerized selection systems criticize traditional Wall Street analysis as having institutional conflicts of interest, as well as individual bias. I am very suspiciou

37、s about opinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individual stock selection, said Samuel Eisenstadt, Value Lines research director. However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely on the selection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factors that their developers belie

38、ve have the greatest ability to predict share prices. Most models compare a company9s historical earnings growth with that of other companies. And manytrack the extent to which earnings have surprised analysts. Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems as marketing tools. The designer

39、s of these systems say they should be judged on how a group of stocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, as do stock analysts on Wall Street, that superior research, by humans, and analysis can select a group of stocks that will outperform the market averages over the long run. Market a

40、nalysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwab system or new models, like Microsofts year-old Stock-Scouter? Mark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG) according to the information provided in the text.? Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provi

41、ded for questions. ? 21. Charles Schwab is a computer company. 22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically. 23. Value Line and Zacks have similar operating methods to Schwab. 24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better than humans. 25. Wall Street analysts are gene

42、rous in rating stocks. 26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of Value Line. 27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices. 答案及评分标准 ? Paper 1: Communication Analysis The following points should be covered in the analysis. Award one point for each of the points covered （underlined）. Paper 2: Vocabulary One point for each item. Answers must be the same as the key. 4. vocation 5. foot the bill 6. grey areas 7. kin terms 8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live 10. white lies 11. buying a round 12.