英语一般过去时语法知识归纳总结-英语过去时态总结

1、英语一般过去时语法知识归纳总结:英语过去时态总结一般过去时语法知识一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、 行为；主语在过去时间段所具备的能力和性格。一般过去时句子最明显的现象就 是常由表达过去时间的副词、副词短语或从句来界定。过去 的概念并不仅指如yesterday, last week,等，实际上.与现在 对立的过去亦即.非现在.的以前哪怕是过了说话时间的儿分钟之前只要所要表达的时间与说话时的现在.形成对立，就必 须使用一般过去时来表达。例如：He was here only a few minutes ago.仅仅儿分钟前他还在这里。I came home

2、just now.我刚回到家。this +时间，today等时间副词常用于修饰一般现在时，但是只要句子 的本意是与说话时的现在对立，.即使句子中有th. i. s + .时间，. today等.时间副词.，也必须使用一般过去时。例如：I got up very early this morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He was late for school again today.今天他乂迟到了。强化理解：1.一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时刻或时期所发生的事情，也可以表示过去习 惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时只说明过去的事情不强调动作对现在的影响 Ihad a word with Jul

3、ia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了儿句话。He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。2.表示过去一段时间里经常或反复的动作，与常与always , never等连用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞）I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。（不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒）3.表示过去连续发生的动作时要用一般过去时。这种情况下句子中往往没有表示 过

4、去的时间状语，通过上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。4.有些句子虽然没有表示过去的时间状语，但实际上发生的动作或存在的状态是 指过去，也要用一般过去时。这一点我们中国学生往往岀错，要特别注意！I didn t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只 能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you we

5、re here）I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。（这句话应是在说话之前我以为你病了，但是现在我知道你没病）5在谈到已死去的人的情况时多用过去时。Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷锋是个好战士。6一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用。大体可分为如下儿类：（1）yesterday、the day before yesterday （前天）、the other day （前儿 天）、in the old days （在过去的日子里）（2） just now （刚才）、this morning/afternoon/evening （3） ago

6、（a while ago 方才、冈lj才 two days ago 前 两天、a few days ago 前儿天、long long ago 很久很久以前）（4） last night / week / Sunday / weekend / month / winter / year / century（Jt 个世纪） once upon a time （很久以前）、before（在 之前，如 before liberation 在 解放前）（6）at + 个时间点（at the age of 10 在 10 岁是时候）、then （= at that time）（当时）（7）When引导的

7、时间状语从句（When I was 8 years old, .'*1我八岁的时候）表达 方法：一般过去时的表达方法可以细分为以下三种情况：（-）连系动词（简称为系动词）e be的一般过去时系动词be的一般过去时属于不规则变化，第一、第三人称单数用was,其他 情况用were。基本用法见表一。表一人称和数肯定句（肯定陈述句）否定句（否定陈述句）一般疑问句肯 定、否定回答单数笫一人称 I was late yesterday. I wasn t late yesterday. Were you late yesterday? Yes, I was No, I wasn t 第二 AW Y

8、ou were late yesterday. You weren t late yesterday. Were you late yesterday? Yes, I was No, I wasn t 第三 人豹;He was late yesterday. He wasn t late yesterday. Was he late yesterday r? Yes, he was No, he wasn t 属于 单 数 第三 人稍;Her car was a Toyota Her car wasn t a Toyota Was her car a Toyota? Yes, it was N

9、o, it wasn t Tom was ill yesterday. Tom wasn t ill yesterday. Was Tom ill yesterday? Yes, he was No, he wasn t There was an apple on the table last night There wasn t apple on the table last night Was there apple on the table last night? Yes, there wasNo, there wasn t.复数所有复数人称和所有复数形式We were students

10、. We weren t students Were you students? Yes, we were No, we weren t You were my employees你们是我的雇员。You weren t my employees Were you my employees? Yes, we were No, we weren t They were doctors They weren t doc tors. Were they doctors? Yes, they were No, they weren t My parents were teachers My parent

11、s weren t teachers Were your parents teachers? Yes, they were No, they weren t.These were my books These weren t my books Were these your books? Yes, they were No, they weren t（二）普通动词（也称为 实义动词、行为动词）的一般过去时陈述句。普通动词（也称 实义动词、行为动词）组成的一般过去时陈述句形式 为：主语+ +动词过去式+ +宾语+ +其它。动词过去式变化可分两类：规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化有如下儿 种情况：情

12、况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-ed元音后面读t清辅音后读t浊辅音后读d在t、d音后面id work worked listen listened 以 e 结尾的词 加d like liked arrive arrived以重读闭音节结尾的词 先双写最后的辅音 字母再加ed stop stopped plan planned 以元音字母+y结尾的词加ed enjoy enjoyed play played 以辅音字母+y结尾的词把y改成i 再加I ed study studied carry carried worry worried 2.否定句。普通动词（也称 实义动词、行为动词）一般过去时陈

13、述句变成否定句 时，要借用助动词dido形式为：主语+ + didnot +动词原形。（其中：didnot = didn t）3.疑问句。普通动词（也称 实义动词、行为动词）一般过去时陈述句变成疑问句 时，也需要借用助动词did。形式为：Did+ +主语动词原形+ +?o普通动词（也称实义动词、行为动词）一般过去时的基本用法见表二。表二 人称和数 肯定句（肯定陈述句）否定句（否定陈述句）一般疑问句 肯定、否定 回答 单 数 第一 人称 I watched TV last night I didn t watch TV last night Did you watch TV last night

14、? Yes, I did No, I didn t 第 二 人利;You watched TV last night You didn t watch TV last night Did you watch TV last night? Yes, I did No, I didn t 第三 人豹;He watched TV last night He didn t watch TV last night Did he watch TV last night? Yes, he did. No, he didn t.属于单数第三人称 His brother watched TV last nigh

15、t His brother didn t watch TV last night Did his brother watch TV last night? Yes, he did No, he didn t Mike watched TV last night Mike didn t watch TV last night Did Mike watch TV last night? Yes, he did. No, he didn t.复数所有复数人称和所有复数形式We watched TV last night We didn t watch TV last night Did you wa

16、tch TV last night? Yes, we did No, we didn t You watched TV last night You didn t watch TV last night Did you watch TV last night? Yes, we did No, we didn t They watched TV last night They didn t watch TV last night Did they watch TV last night? Yes, they did No, they didn tMy parents watched TV las

17、t night My parents didn t watch TV last night Did your parents watch TV last night? Yes, they did No, they didn t（三）情态动词的一般过去时情态动词的 一般过去时态要使用它.们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。do my homework yesterday.（昨天我不得不做作业。）cancould （能，会）maymight （可以）mustmust （必须）have to had to （不得不）shallshould （将要）仅.用于第一人称单数willwould （将要）用于所

18、有人称对比辨析:1.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，与常与always , never等连用。Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞）比较：（1） Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞）（2）Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.彼得太太总是带着一把伞。（表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦）（3）I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。（不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒）2.用如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do过去常常做，而现在不那样 做了 He used to drink alcohol （ w lk8hol,酗酒；酒精饮料）.他过去喝酒。（意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了）I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。（意味着现在不在早晨散步了）I used to work fourteen hours a day.我过去常常一天干十四个小时。（意味着现在不再一天工作