国外某公司财务分析手册(全英文图文并茂)

1、Kater Inc.Transparent Financial Reporting Analysis Manual 可修改 欢送下载 精品 WordSEC / Legal EntitySEC / Legal Entity / GAAPBusinessUnitsAccountableEnterpriseProductProfitabilityFocusContentsChapter 1 Introduction .1. Kater Methodologies .2. Aggregation Methodologies.3. Rate/Volume Concept .4. Commentary .

2、5. Roles & Responsibilities. Chapter 2 Form M Summary . Chapter 3 Foreign Currency Reconciliation .Chapter 4 Sales Reconciliation .1. Overview2. Price Realization . a. Foreign Currencyb. Published Price . c. Sales Discount . d. Warrantye. Transfer Yield . f.Physical Sales Volume.3. Base Period V

3、ariable Margin Percentage .4. Volume Impact on Margin .Chapter 5 Mix .1. Overview2. Geographic Mix.3. Country/Region Mix .4. Geographic Mix on Transfers .5. Product Mix Impact on Sales6. Product Mix between Product Lines.7. Product Mix within Product Lines . a. Revenue Salesb. Non-revenue Sales and

4、TransfersChapter 6 Variable Cost .1. Overview.2. Cost of Sales.3. Transfer In/Inter-company Purchases.4. Inventory Adjustments / RSSMs.5. Other Variable Cost.Chapter 7 Period Cost of Sales .1. Overview.2. Period Costs Incurred .3. Period Costs Inventory Effect.4. Variable Margin Percentage.Chapter 8

5、 Parts. Chapter 9Period SG&A / R&D . Chapter 10Other Income and Expense . Chapter 11The Chunk Chart. Chapter 12Contact Details . Chapter 13Glossary (Analysis) .Chapter 14Glossary (TFR).2In order to fully leverage the benefits of Transparent Financial Reporting, a comprehensive process for fi

6、nancial analysis was developed. The principles of this new process are:·One tool for all analysis needs All business unit, product line and consolidated analysis will be performed using this process·Highly mechanical Utilizing pre-populated templates and pre-defined calculations, manual in

7、put into the model has been minimized·Mandatory and consistent methodologies The prescribed methodologies for calculations and aggregation must be followed or the mechanical process will not provide accurate and consistent financial analysisKater utilizes the Form M as the model to explain chan

8、ges in results between comparison periods. The Form M explains changes in sales and changes in profit. Major drivers of both of these changes are illustrated in the overall structure of the Form M depicted below.Form M StructureChange in Corporate ProfitSales changesCost changesDue toCurrency impact

9、sPrice realization:1) Published price2) Sales discount3) Warranty4) Transfer yieldPhysical sales volumeDue toCurrency impactsVariable costsMixPhysical sales volumePeriod costsOther income/expenseThe primary focus of financial analysis at Kater is to explain actual results both year over year and vs.

10、 plan, as well as RBM (Rolling Business Management) forecasts. Below is a summary of relevant comparison periods.·YTD vs. YTD·YTD vs. Plan·Month vs. Plan·Qtr vs. Qtr·RBM Analysis (current vs. prior year, current vs. future year, current vs. plan)This is not an all-inclusiv e

11、 list of analysis requirements. For instance to prove that current month results do not contain significant errors it is necessary to compare current month to previous month actual results.Transparent Financ ial Reporting Analys is Manual A.doc,9/8/2006, 11:23 AM 3The final output of the Form M is a

12、 graphical depiction of changes in results for both sales and corporate profit. These charts, commonly referred to as chunk charts, are automatically created and are graphical models inherent in the Form M.Sales & Revenues Operating Profit Accountable Profit Corporate Profit Current Period 1,130

13、,675 198,714 196,017 169,842Base Period 1,006,675 174,962 172,512 146,337Change 124,000 23,752 23,505 23,50530025086.60.1(4.3)3.0(11.3)(49.9)200150146.318.7(5.0)(12.4)(3.8)2.0(0.0)(0.2)169.8-10050-Base Period Vol/Mix Price Real Trans Yld Warr CCY Mat'l CostVar CostPCOSSG&AR&DParts (McFee

14、) Other Oper All Other Corp Burden Current PeriodProfit ChunkSales & Revenues Operating Profit Accountable Profit Corporate Profit Current Period 1,130,675 198,714 196,017 169,842Base Period 1,006,675 174,962 172,512 146,337 Change 124,000 23,752 23,505 23,505 1,2001,0001,007 3287(4)50-51,131800

15、600400200-Base Period NS&T Volume Price Realization WarrantyCurrencyTransfer YieldGeographic Mix - TransfersParts (McFee Related) Current Period NS&TSales ChunkThe Kater financial analysis process flow is summarized in the following paragraphs and the attached flowchart.Essbase: The backbone

16、 of the analysis tool is Essbase. Essbase is a series of data cubes that allow for manipulation of significant amounts of data. Essbase collects data from multiple sources and pre-populates the analysis templates with data necessary to complete the Form M. After the monthly closing process is comple

17、te, actual data is loaded from the Accountable Data Cubes within the General Ledger System (GLS). Prior year actual data, business plan and RBM forecast data are loaded via RBM templates. The front end user-interface to Essbase is referred to as “Catalyst. Catalyst is an Excel add-in that allows use

18、rs to send and retrieve data to the Essbase data cubes.Business Unit Analysis: This analysis is completed by the relevant Business Manager, utilizing the pre-populated templates and supplemental calculations as required. Business Unit Form Ms are always subdivided by Product Line (effectively all Bu

19、siness Units will have a Form M for each Product Line they support as well as a Consolidated Business Unit Form M). Commentary to support the Business Unit analysis is required as well. Once completed Business Unit analysis is submitted into Essbase to facilitate the creation of Product Line Form Ms

20、.Product Line Analysis: After all Business Unit (as well as by Product Line within Business Unit) analysis is complete, Essbase creates the Product Line Form Ms. The Business Unit that houses the Global Product Manager will provide commentary to support the Product Line analysis. Once completed this

21、 analysis is submitted into Essbase to facilitate the creation of the remaining steps of the Product Line Cascade.Product Category and Sub-Line of Business Analysis: After the Product Line analysis is finalized the Product Category and Sub-Line of Business analysis will be mechanically generated.Pri

22、ncipal Line of Business: At the Principal Line of Business level several Corporate variances that are not assigned at a lower level are added to the analysis; actual foreign exchange gains/losses, actuarial gains/losses on pension assets and LIFO variances, etc. These variances flow through to Conso

23、lidated analysis as well. On a forecast basis these items will be assigned by CAS.Overview of the Transparent Financial Reporting Analysis processAccountableGLS Data CubesBusiness Unit Comparison Period DataActual Data Replicated to EssbaseEssbase DataCubeComparison period data pre-populated (ABP, P

24、rior year actual or RBM)Loaded via RBMtemplateBusiness Unit (By Product Line) Form Ms with CommentaryEssbase DataCubeProduct Line Form Ms with CommentaryProductCategoryForm MsSub -Line ofBusinessForm MsPrincipal Line ofBusinessForm MsConsolidatedForm MAGGREGATION Business Unit Form MThe calculations

25、 for the Business Unit Form M can be divided into three categories:1. Additive Items;2. Business Unit Calculations; and3. Recalculated Items.Grouping calculations into these three categories facilitates achieving transparency between Business Unit analysis and Product Line analysis. These aggregatio

26、n methodologies are predefined and cannot be deviated from.Additive Items: These items (see figure below) for the Business Unit Form M are add-ups of Product Line calculations. Calculations will be completed at the Product Line within Business Unit level and added together to arrive at the Business

27、Unit total.Business Unit Calculations: These items (see figure below) for the Business Unit Form M are to be calculated at an overall Business Unit Level. The total Business Unit Form M variance will then be split by the Business Unit between the Product Lines within the Business Unit.Recalculated I

28、tems: The sum of total margin impact of physical sales volume and mix for total Business Unit and total Product Lines within a Business Unit are equal. However, as you aggregate from Product Lines within a Business Unit to total Business Unit, volume and mix must be recalculated. The form M calculat

29、es volume and mix by Product Line within Business Unit. It then recalculates volume at a Business Unit level. The difference between the additive volumes of the Product Line calculations and the Business Unit calculation is defined as mix between Product LinesBusiness Unit Form M (e.g. TTT)Business

30、Unit Form M (e.g. TTT)Business Unit Form M (e.g. TTT)Price Realizatio nPub lishe d Price Chan geSale s Varia nce Rat e Cha ngePro duct Mix Imp act on Sales Mix b y Model WarrantyIn vento ry Ad ju stments/RSSMsPe riod Cost sPa rts Pro fit (McFee ) Othe r Op erating In c/Exp Othe r I nco me & Exp

31、ense Corporat e Burden ItemsTran sfe r Yie ld Curre ncy MaterialTran sfe rs InVa riable L abo r/BurdenRecalculationRecalculationOthe r Varia ble CostsVolu meMix be twee n Pro duct LinesAdditiveItemsBU Calcs.RecalculationProduct Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. Pipelayer w/in TTT)Product Line For

32、m M w/in Business Unit (e.g. Pipelayer w/in TTT)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. Pipelayer w/in TTT)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. MTT w/in TTT)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. MTT w/in TTT)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. MTT w/in TTT)Product Line F

33、orm M w/in Business Unit (e.g. MTT w/in TTT)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in TTT)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in TTT)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in TTT)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in TTT)Price Re aliza tio nPubl

34、ishe d Price Chan ge Sale s Varia nce Rate Cha nge Pro duct Mix I mpa ct on SalesGe ograph ic MixC ount ry/Region MixOth er Sales Var. Rate Chan geMix by Mo delWarra ntyIn ve ntory Adjustme nts/RSSMsPeriod Co sts Parts Prof it (McFee) Othe r Ope ra tin g In c/ExpOther In come & Expe nseCorporate

35、 Bu rd en It emsTransfer Yield Cu rren cy Ma teria lTransfers InVaria ble La bor/Bu rd enOt her Variab le C ost sVo lumeAGGREGATION Product Line Form MThe calculations for the Product Line Form M are fully mechanical, based on Business Unit inputs, and they can be divided into two categories: Additi

36、ve Items and Product Line Calculations. Grouping calculations into these two categories facilitates achieving transparency between Business Unit analysis and Product Line analysis.Additive Items: These items (see Figure below) for the Product Line Form M are considered to be add-ups of the Product L

37、ine pieces calculated in the Business Unit Form M process. Each Product Line is fed Form M data via Essbase from one or more Business Units. The variances in the list below for the Product Line Form M are a summation of the variances fed from the Business Unit Form Ms.Product Line Calculations: Volu

38、me, Geographic Mix, and Mix will be completed at an overall Product Line level. All Product Line calculations are performed mechanically within the Form M.Product Line Form M (e.g. LTT)Product Line Form M (e.g. LTT)Product Line Form M (e.g. LTT)Product Line Form M (e.g. LTT)Product Line Form M (e.g.

39、 LTT)Product Line Form M (e.g. LTT)Price Realization Published Price Change Sales Variance Rate ChangeProduct Mix Impact on Sales Geographic Mix Country/Region MixOther Sales Var. Rate ChangeTransfer YieldCurrency Mix by Model Warranty Period Costs Material Transfers InVariable Labor/BurdenOther Var

40、iable Costs Inventory Adjustments/RSSMs Parts Profit (McFee)Other Operating Inc/ExpOther Income & ExpenseCorporate Burden ItemsVolumeMixGeographic MixAdditiveItemsProduct Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in LACD)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in LACD)Product Line Fo

41、rm M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in LACD)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in LACD)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in LACD)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in LACD)Price RealizationPublished Price ChangePPrriiccee RReeaalliizzaattiioonnPPPruuo

42、bbdlliissuhheecddtPPLrriiccieenCCehhaaFnnggoeerm M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in NACD)Price RealizationPPruobdlisuhecdtPLricienCehaFngoerm M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in NACD)PPrriiccee RReeaalliizzaattiioonnPPPruuobbdlliissuhheecddtPPLrriiccieenCCehhaaFnnggoeerm M w/in Business Unit (e.g.

43、LTT w/in NACD)Product Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in NACD)Transfer YieldProdCuurcretncLy ine Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in TTT)TTrraannssffeerr YYiieellddPPrrooddCCuuuucrrcrreettnnLccLyyiinneeFFoorrmmMMww/iinnBBuussiinneessssUUnniitt(ee.gg.LLTTTTww/iinn TTTTTT)Transfer Yiel

44、dPPrrooddCuuucrcrettnLcLyiinneeFFoorrmmMMww/iinnBBuussiinneessssUUnniitt(ee.gg.LLTTTTww/iinn TTTTTT)TTrraannssffeerr YYiieellddPPrrooddCCuuuucrrcrreettnnLccLyyiinneeFFoorrmmMMww/iinnBBuussiinneessssUUnniitt(ee.gg.LLTTTTww/iinn TTTTTT)Sales Variance Rate ChangeProduct Line Form M w/in Business Unit (e.g. LTT w/in TTT)Geographic Mix on TransfersProduct MPirxicIemRpaecatliozantiSoanlesPuMbliixshbPeydrMicPeordiRceeel aClihzantigoneSales PVWuabrailarisrnahcneetdyRParticeeCChhaannggeeProTransfer Yieldct on S