小学英语冠词的讲解与练习

1、冠词的用法一一冠词的定义 冠词，是用来表示名词特性的一种词，它表示名词可数不可数、单数复数、任何一个还是特定的一个等。也就是说，冠词与名词是紧密连在一起的。如果用了a/an /the,不管后面是什么词，都变成了名词。所以，冠词就是放在名词前面的一 种词。使用冠词有三种基本情况：1、用 a / ana / an用在单数可数名词前面，表示这个人或事物是泛指的不确定的一个，相当于中文的 幺个”。注意：可数的单数名词前，必须要用a / an或the.我们不能说 boy, desk, dog 而必须说 a boy / the boy.a用在读音为辅音开头的名词之前，而an用在读音为元音开头的名词之前。注

2、意：这里指的是 馍音”，而不仅仅指字母。例如：a university 一所大学（虽然u是元音字母，但不读元音。）an hour 一个小时（虽然h不是元音，但单词读音是元音开头）另外，a / an也可用在不可数名词前面，这时，这个不可数名词就变成了可数的单数名词，意义上也有变化。例如：glass玻璃，a glass一只玻璃杯 / wood木头，a wood 一片树林power威力,a power大国/ beauty美丽，a beauty美人，美的事物2、用 thethe相当于this/that或these / those总的用法是表示特定的人或事物。the的用法最广，不管是可数还是不可数，不管

3、是单数还是复数，都可以用the.具体用法见下面的讲解。3、不用冠词有的时候，名词前面不用任何冠词，没有 a / an /the.有的书上称为零冠词.a和an的区别不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音（不是辅音字母）开头的词前，an 用于元音（不是元音字母）开头的词前。例如：a boy, a university, a European country; an hour, an honor, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,a useful book不看字母看读音，不见原因（元音）别施恩（n）二.不定冠词的用法1 .泛指某

4、一类人、事或物；相当于 any,这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。A horst is an animal2 .泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.3 .表示数量，有 乙”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a computer.4 .表示 每一”，相当于every.I go to school five days a wee峨一周上五天课。5 .用在序数词前，表示“又一 ”， “再一I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.6 .用在某些固定词组中：a lot（of）, af

5、ter a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry三 .定冠词的用法1 .特指某（些 ）人或某（些 ）物，这是定冠词的基本用法。The book on the desk is mine2 .指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。Open the window, please.3 .指上文已经提到的人或事物。I have a car. The car is red.4 .指世界上独一无二的事物。Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?5 .用在序数词，形容词最高级前。

6、The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.6 .用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Great Wall 长城， the United States 美国7 .用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。the poor穷人，the blind 盲人8 用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人 ”或 “夫妻俩 ”。the Greens格林一家或格林夫妻俩9 .用在方位词前。on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间10 .用在乐器名称前。She plays the piano every day.11 .用在表示海洋，河流，山脉

7、，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River 长江12 .用在某些固定词组中：all the same仍然；all the time 直；at the momen址匕亥U ； at the same time同 时；by the way 顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西 /洗衣K; in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外.零冠词的用法1 .棋类,球类,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词Play chess play football

8、have supper特例：当football, basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Where' s the football那只足球在哪儿？（指足球， 并非 “球类运动 ”）2 .季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词.In July in summer on Monday on Teachers Day3 .人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词Beijing is the capital of China4 .学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词Math is hard to learn5 .复数名词表

9、示类别时不加冠词They are workersI like eating apples6 .名词前已有物主代词（my,your,his, her等）、指示代词（this/these,that/those卜 不定代词（some, any等）及所有格限制时，不用冠词my book（正）；my the book（误）7 .在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。No.25 Middle School五.用与不用冠词的差异in hospital 住院 /in the hospital在医院里in front of在一（外部的）前面 /in the front of在一（内部的）前面by sea乘

10、船/by the sea在海边三、经典例题一.冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划乂1. There is picture of elephant on wall2. This is useful book. I've read it for hour.3. elephant is much heavier than horse4. doctor told him to take medicine three times day5. Let's go out for walk.二.选择题。1. -How about Christmas evening part

11、y?-I should say it was success.A. a; a B. the; a C. a; / D. the; /2. We have every reason to believe that 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will besuccess. A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a D. a; a3. -Could you tell the way to Johnsons please? -sorry, wedon' haveJohnson here in the village.A. the; the B. the

12、; a C. /; the D. the; /4. Have you heard news? The price of petrol is going up again!A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; /5. I looked under bed and found book I lost last week.A. the; a B. the; the C. /; the D. the; 四、专项训练1.在空格内填上a或an1.ear 2.actor 3.hen 4.toy 5.universit y6.elephant 7.hat 8.umbrel

13、la 9.rabbit 10. _idea11.hour 12 honest boy 13.interesting book14.easy question2.用a,an,the或“娘空1 .Washington is capital of United States of America.2 .There is" Aon his paper.3 . I ate apple.It red apple.4 .tall man over there is my boss.5 .earth moves around sun.6 .No news is good news.7 .Have y

14、ou visited Great Wall?8 .They often play football after school.9 .Are there any birds in sky?10 .Did you have breakfast this morning?11 选择填空1 .Mom tells her little daughter old story every night.A. a B. / C. an D. the2 .computer on the table isSusan' s.A. A B. An C. The D. /3 .There is map of th

15、e world onwall.map is mine.A. a, a, A B. a, the, The C. the, the, The D. the, the, A4 .Whites live on floor.A. /, three B. A, third C. The, third D.The, the third5 .Spring comes after winter.A. /, / B.The, / C.The, the D.A, the1.1 bought shoes yesterday. shoes are very beautiful.A. a, The B. a pair

16、of, The C. the, The D. a pair, The pair7 .He wassoldier in the Second World War.A. a B. an C. the D. /8 .She can play andA. the tennis, the guitar B. tennis, guitar C. the tennis, guitar D. tennis, the guitar 9.I can see moon and clouds in the sky.A. the, a B. a, a C. the, / D. the, the 10. "ci

17、s in "cat. ”“sis in "sat. ”A. An, An B. An, A C. A, A D. A, An11 .Tian ' anmenquare is in Beijing.A. /, / B. A, / C. The, / D. /, the12 .Can you tell menearest bookshop? Go straight and turn right at third crossing, and you will see it.A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, /五、课堂总结：1)

18、 冠词的分类2) 不定冠词的用法3) 定冠词的用法4) 零冠词的用法口语训练：用英语介绍你的家庭成员六、课后作业一、在需要的地方填入适当的冠词，不需要的地方填T.This is egg.It ' small egg2. lim has big head.3. Who is girl in green?4. -Do you have knife?-Yes, I do. I only have small one.5. Lucy and Lily look same.二、选择题()1.It ' orange, orange is orange.A.a,the B.an,The C.

19、an,a()2.What ' your favourite sports? high jump.A.AB.The C./()3.What time do you listen to radio?A.aB./C.the()4.Shall we meet at gate of park at 7:30.A.the,the B.the,a C.a,a()5.Is basketball yours?A.aB.the C./( )6.Young Pioneers are helping old woman.A.The,the B.A,an C.The,/()7.Look at eggJt ' s big egg.A.an,a B.the,aC.the,an()8.I want to buyEnglish bookA.an B.a C.the( )9.Look, student