被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)

1、学习好资料欢迎下载初中被动语态讲解及配套练习一、 主动语态与被动语态的概念：英语动词的语态有两种：主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态：表示 主语是动作的承受者 (常常没在有必要指出动作的执行者情况下使用 )例： They speak English. （主动语态）主谓宾Englishis spokenby them.（被动语态）主谓介词短语注：及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。例： Welisten tothe teacher carefully in class.主谓宾The teacheris listened toby uscarefully in cla

2、ss.主谓介词短语 elaughed athim .Hewas laughed atby us.二、 被动语态的结构与用法：结构： be +done (过去分词 )被动语态中的 be 为助动词 ，无意义。be 可能是 am , is , are 也可能是 was ,were 或原形 be。注： 被动语态的时态是由 be 的时态决定的， be 是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be后面的过去分词不变。用法：例： istory is made by the people. 一(般现在时 ) he cars were made in Tianjing in 1995. 一(般过去时 )学习好资料欢迎下载

3、The tree will be cut down next year.(一般将来时 ) he room must be kept clean. （含有情态动词的被动语态）The door is being opened. （现在进行时）The film has been seen by me. （现在完成时）注：我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法时 态动词的被动形式例句一般现在时is doneHe is asked to do this.一般过去时was doneThe story was told by her mother.一般将来时will be doneThe problem will

4、be discussed tomorrow.现在进行时is being doneThe novel is being written.过去进行时was being doneAt that time the desk was being made.现在完成时has been doneThe house has been built.过去完成时had been doneThey said that their work had been finished.过去将来时would be doneHe said the trees would be planted soon.三、 被动语态的各种句型：、

5、 he song is liked by young people. 肯(定句 )、 he song isnt liked by young people（否定句）、 Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑问句）、 Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked? （特殊疑问句）四、 主动语态改被动语态的方法：方法分为三步：把原句中的宾语改成主语动词改为变动形式 be done(同时注意时态 )学习好资料欢迎下载原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by 后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去例：

6、The man killed a tiger. A tiger was killed by the man .(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)五、 特殊句型的被动语态：含有 使役动词（ make /let /have）或感官动词（ hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后 常跟不带 to 的动词不定式 ，但是在改成被动语态时 ，则一定要把省去的 to 再加上去 ，另外 help 这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带 to,也可不带 to, 但在被动语态 中也必须把 to 加上去 。例： Mothe

7、r often makesme do some housework.I am often made to do some housework by mother.We saw him run into the classroom.He was seen torun into the classroom by us.teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell 等动词常常 带有两个宾语 （双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时， 两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for 。例： he gave m

8、e a pen.= She gave a pen to me.%.I was given a pen by her.A pen was given to me by her.My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.I was bought a new bike by my father.A new bike was bought for me by my father.由不及物动词（ vi ）+介词 /副词宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。学习好资料欢迎下载(前面已举过两例 )例： e

9、should speak to old people politely.Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us).He took away the box.03aaa12ae67-Bulleted_6f2388b6-e316-4aab-a9ac-e44bf28f9The box was takenaway by him.含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。 （宾补放在原来位置不变）例： WecallhimXiao Ma .主谓宾宾补 eis calledXiao Maby us.昀 昀 攀戀挀 愀昀攀戀 攀愀挀攀挀攀昀 甀氀氀攀琀攀搀开 6

10、3570422545 愀挀挀 搀愀 搀 攀 昀戀愀昀搀 甀氀氀攀琀攀搀开愀攀 昀搀 挀 愀攀 挀搀挀 一甀洀戀攀爀攀搀开搀e found the book very interesting.The book was found very interesting by him.六、 没有被动语态的动词：1. 没有被动语态的词 ，表示状态或特征的及物动词如 cost, fit, have, suit 等没有被动形式，另外，诸如 happen = take place, break out(爆发 )，break down(坏了 ) 等不及物动词或短语以及诸如 result from(缘于 )，bel

11、ong to, consist of 等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态: appear,die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束 ), fail, last, lie,remain, sit, spread（传播） , stand, come true, fall asleep, .大多数系动词： be , feel (摸起来 )，sound(听起来 )，look( 看起来 )，smell(闻起来 ) taste（尝起来） 等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。例： he skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。Man

12、y changes have happened in our hometown.The film lasted for 3 hours.被动语态配套练习()1. One or two man-made satellites _ in our country every year.A. have been sent upB. will be sent upC. is sent upD. are sent up()2. Our TV set _ yesterday.A. is repairedB. was repairedC. had been repairedD. would be repair

13、ed()3. A new building _ in our school next year.A. will be builtB. is builtC. is being builtD. has been built()4. Many books on science _ since I went to college.A. were boughtB. have been boughtC, will be boughtD. are bought()5. A wonderful English talk _ by Mr Liu tomorrow.A. has been givenB. is g

14、ivenC. is being givenD. will be given()6. How _ the Great Pyramid ()_ many years ago without modern machines.A. is builtB. would be builtC. have been builtD. was built() Food and clothes _ by women.A is often talk aboutB. are often talkedC. are often talked aboutD. often talked about()8. _ the work

15、_ yet ?A. is finishedB. Will be finishedC. Has been finishedD. Would be finished()9.Such films _ by children like you.A. must be not seenB. must not be seeC. must not seenD. must not be seen()10.Trees _ in winter but in spring.A. not can be plantedB. can be not plantedC. can t be plantedD. can not b

16、e plant()11.This kind of cars _ in Japan ten years ago.A. can only be madeB. could only madeC. be could only madeD. could only be made() 12.Jack often does things foolishly, so he _ sometimes _ by others.A. is laughedB. is laughed atC. was laughedD. has been laughed at()13.The bear _ to the zoo tomo

17、rrow morning.A. may be sendB. may is sentC. may be sentD. is may sent()14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _ in our city.A. are put upB. have put upC. have been putD. have been put up学习好资料欢迎下载()15. Such films _ by children like you.A. must be not seenB. must not be seeC. must not seenD.

18、 must not be seen二、用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。Some top students _(send) to study in foreign countries once a year.2.More and more schools _(build) here later.Where are the apples? I think they _(eat) by those boys.4.Many new things _(invent) in the last ten years.5.All the shoes _(sell) out last week.6.How lon

19、g _ the book _(can keep)?Tom _ (hide) his shoes behind the tree. So they _(not find) easily.8.The babies here _(take) good care of every day.We _(open) the box and two new coats _(see) in it.His new novel _ (finish) next week.三 根据短文意思填空English_(be) very widely _(use). It _(speak) by people in England, the United States,Australia, and many other countries. It _(be) one of the working languages at international meetings.Most international business letters _(write) in English. And quit