高考英语第一轮复习专项教案38

1、Unit 2The Olympic Games教 材 面 面 观单词拓展n志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的；义务的vt. & vi.自愿2_n基础；根据_vt.根据3_n运动员；运动选手_adj.运动的4_n体操；体能训练_adj._n体育馆；健身房5_n职责；责任_adj.负责的6_n光荣_adj.光荣的7_vi.比赛；竞争_n竞争_n竞争者_adj.竞技的8_vt. & vi.容许；承认；接纳_n.9_vt. & vi.做广告；登广告_n广告10_vi. & vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得11_adj.古代的；古老的12_adj.巫术的；魔术的adv._13_a

2、dj.规则的；定期的；常规的_opp._n规律性14_adj.物理的；身体的_n物理_n物理学家15_adv.现今；现在短语回顾1.as_也，又，还2one_another 陆续地，一个接一个地3.4run the_ 参加比赛5play an important role_ 扮演重要角色；起重要作用6stand_ 代表；象征；表示7_charge 主管；看管8_four years 每四年9.10_up 捡起11take part _ 参加；参与12the _ Olympic Games 古代奥林匹克运动会13make a _ with sb. 同某人讨价还价14_ one's min

3、d 改变主意15work _ 计算出；解决；锻炼句型背诵1._ _ the Summer Olympics _ you have the running races, _ _ swimming, sailing and all the team sports.跑步、游泳、划船和一些团队项目是在夏季运动会上进行。2No other countries could join in，_ _slaves or women!别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！3Women are_ _allowed，_play a very important role in gymnastics，athletic

4、s，team sports and.妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们在体操、田径、团体运动等方面还起着非常重要的作用。4There is_ _competition among countries to host the Olympics_to win Olympic medals.国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。自我诊断单词拓展短语回顾句型背诵1It's in; that; together with2.nor could3.not only；but4as much；as考 点 串 串 讲重点单词1.responsibility n职责；责任It's my

5、 responsibility to take good care of my mother.照顾好母亲是我的职责。Please see to it that this ancient painting is safe, for no one can bear the responsibility if there is something wrong with it.请务必确保这幅古画的安全，因为万一有什么闪失，没人能担负得起这个责任。Though he is new here, he has shown his responsibility for the company.尽管他刚来，他已

6、经显示出对公司的责任来了。用法拓展sense of responsibility 责任感shift responsibility onto 把责任推到be responsible for sth. 对某事负责即境活用翻译句子我们的老师是一个非常可靠的人。_大雨是蔬菜短缺的原因。_完成句子_(责任感)is of great importance in success in today's society.答案：Our teacher is a very responsible person.Heavy rains were responsible for the shortage of

7、vegetables.The sense of responsibility2compete v比赛，竞争In the 30th Olympic Games，athletes from all over the world will compete against each other for their glory.在即将到来的第30届奥运会上，来自世界各国的运动员将会彼此为了自己的荣誉而战。He can't compete in math with his sister.他在数学上比不过他妹妹。In 2004，Wang Hao from China competed in the

8、final with an athlete from South Korea.2004年，来自中国的王皓与来自韩国的一名运动员在决赛中相遇。用法拓展compete in参加的比赛compete with/against和竞争compete for为了而比赛即境活用翻译句子30名来自各个国家的学生为了获得金牌而相互竞争。_单项填空Yesterday，Phelps competed_backstroke and won the match.AinBforCwith Dagainst用所给词的适当形式完成句子So fierce was the_(compete)that many participa

9、nt gave up.答案：30 students from all over the world competed against each other for the gold medal.Acompetition3admit v容许，承认，接纳He admitted breaking his father's vase when he tried to move the table.他承认在搬桌子的时候打碎了父亲的花瓶。This hall can admit 10,000 people at most.这个礼堂最多可以容纳一万人。After the College Entranc

10、e Examination this year，one of my students was admitted to Beijing University.今年高考之后，我的一名学生被北京大学录取。用法拓展admit sb. to/into接纳某人进入；吸收某人参加admit doing承认做了即境活用单项填空After so many years' hard work，he finally_Beijing University.Awas accepted by Bwas received toCwas admitted to Dwas admitted forI can not bu

11、t_the truth of her words，although it is hard to believe.Ato admit BadmittingCadmit Dhave admitted翻译句子在压力之下，他承认自己偷了那些珠宝。_答案：CCUnder great pressure，he admitted stealing the jewels.4charge n要价；收费；主管；掌管v要价；控告；充电We have to make a small charge for refreshments.我们得收取少量茶点费。I'm leaving the school in your

12、 charge.我这就把学校交给你掌管。As long as you've paid in advance we won't charge you for delivery.只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。用法拓展free of charge免费的，用作表语in charge of sb./sth.控制、管理某人/某事；take charge of sb./sth.掌管、负责某人/某事He took charge of the farm after his father's death.父亲去世后他掌管了农场。What did they charge for the

13、 repairs?他们收了多少修理费？He was charged with murder.他被指控犯有谋杀罪。即境活用单项填空The independent counselor，Mr.Starr，_USA President，Bill Clinton，of sexual harassment.Ablamed BchargedCscolded Daccused答案：D5replace vt.代替；取代；替换；放回原处We've replaced the old adding machine with a computer.我们用电脑取代了老式的加法计算器。He replaced the

14、 book in the shelf.他把书放回书架上。用法拓展replacement n交换，更换，代替者It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks.不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。My secretary leaves us next week，so we are advertising for a replacement.我的秘书下星期要走，所以我们现在正登广告招聘一位替代者。易混辨析replace，take one's place，in place of和substitutereplac

15、e多指以新换旧，以好换坏，常与介词with连用。take one's place取代；代替；就座in place of取代；代替，是介词短语，常作表语或状语。substitute多指“暂时代替或代理”的意思，常与介词for连用。Money is being used in place of something more direct.金钱正在被更直接地用来取代某种东西。We substituted a red ball for a blue one to see if the baby would notice.我们用红皮球换下了蓝皮球，看这婴儿会不会发觉。I replaced the

16、 old cup with a new one.我把新茶杯换上。即境活用单项填空When you have finished the book，please_it on the shelf.Areplace Btake placeCtake place of Din place of答案：A6bargain vi.讨价还价；讲条件n便宜货用法拓展make a bargain讨价还价keep one's part of the bargain遵守协议strike a bargain达成协议drive a hard bargain极力讨价还价；狠狠地杀价bargain on预期；指望特别提

17、醒bargain用作名词时为可数名词，常和不定冠词连用。即境活用完成句子How do you know you'll _ _ _ _ _ _(遵守协议)?It was impossible to _ _ _(达成协议)that both sides would accept.答案：keep your part of the bargainstrike a bargain7promise vt.&n.允诺；答应；保证用法拓展make a promise许诺break one's promise违诺keep/carry out one's promise守诺特别提醒

18、“promise sb. to do sth.”中，to do的动作是由句子的主语发出的，而“allow/permit sb. to do”中，to do的动作是由宾语发出的。Hurry up, we promised that we wouldn't be late.快点，我们许诺过不迟到。You promised me the car would be ready on Monday.你答应过我这辆车在周一准备好。The children have promised to give us a hand with the packing.孩子们许诺帮我们打包。The company

19、promised us a bonus this year.公司许诺今年给我们资金。即境活用单项填空The firm _ the workers a wage increase, but in actual fact, it broke its _.Apromised; promiseBpromised; a promiseCpromises; promise Dpromises; a promiseIndians rose to drive the Englishmen out of their homeland and India became a(n)_ country at last.

20、Apromising BseparateCunited Dindependent答案：AD8deserve v应受(报答或惩罚)；值得用法拓展deserve better/more应受奖赏；应得到更好的待遇deserve a medal应得一枚奖章get what you deserve罪有应得one good turn deserves another礼尚往来特别提醒deserve作“应得；应受”解释时，后接动词不定式而不是动名词。即境活用单项填空I work hard and I think I deserve_.Ato be well paid Bto pay wellCbeing we

21、ll paid Dpaying wellAfter five hours on your feet，you_a break.Aconserve BdeserveCobserve Dreserve答案：Adeserve作“应得；应受”解释时，后面接动词不定式；又因为主语I和动词pay之间为被动关系，因此选用了动词不定式的被动语态。B考查动词词义辨析。conserve“保存；保护”；deserve“值得；应受”；observe“观察；观测；庆祝”；reserve“保守；保留”。句意为：你们站了五个小时了，该休息一下了。重点短语1.take part in 参加How many people too

22、k part in the school sports meeting?多少人参加了学校运动会？易混辨析join/join in/join sb. in (doing) sth./take part in/attend(1)join“参加”，指加入党派、社会团体、军队等并成为其中一员。(2)join in表示“参加某种活动”，in既可为介词，也可为副词。“参加某人所从事的活动”。(4)take part in指参加群众性的活动、会议并在其中起作用。(5)attend是正式用语，指参加会议、婚礼、典礼，听报告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众。He joined the Party in 1980.

23、他是1980年入的党。They danced until a lot of us joined in.他们不停地跳舞，直到我们中许多人都参加了进去。All the family join me in wishing you a happy future.我和全家人一道祝你有一个幸福的将来。I suggest those taking part in the competition should be praised.我建议表扬那些参加比赛的人。The meeting was attended by share holders.股东们出席了会议。即境活用改错Would you like to j

24、oin us for the game?How many of us will take part in?答案：forin去掉in2used to 过去常常，过去曾经，后接动词原形。用法拓展(1)used to有两种否定和疑问形式，一种直接使用used；一种借助助动词did。即：used not to动词原形usedn't to动词原形did not use to动词原形didn't use to动词原形疑问形式：used主语to动词原形did主语useto动词原形(2)used to用于否定句时，其后的反意疑问句要在形式上前后一致。(3)used to用于there be句型

25、中成为There used to be.意思是“过去曾经有，过去曾存在”。I used to live in London.我曾经在伦敦居住过。I didn't use/usedn't to like him when we were at school.以前我们是同学时，我不喜欢他。Did he use to play tennis after work?他过去常常在下班后打网球吗？You used to see a lot of her, didn't you/usedn't you?你过去常见她，是吧？She usedn't to play com

26、puter games, used she?她过去不玩电脑游戏，对不对？There used to be a stone tower near the old pine tree.在老松树附近曾有一座石塔。易混辨析used to/would(1)used to表过去持续的状态或情况。其含义是现在的动作或习惯已不存在，强调现在、将来与过去的对比。(2)would表示过去的习惯、习性、倾向等，意思是“过去常常”，表过去不大规则的行为，或主语的关心、感慨等主观因素较强；常与often, sometimes, frequently, for hours等词连用，但不与表状态的动词连用。I used t

27、o smoke, but I gave up a couple of years ago.我以前抽烟，但两年前就戒掉了。(现在不抽烟了)She would sit there for hours doing nothing at all.她总是一连几个小时坐在那儿，什么也不做。(现在是否还有这个习惯，不清楚。)即境活用单项填空When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.AwouldBshouldChad better Dmight答案：A3allow sb. to do st

28、h. 允许某人做某事My father doesn't allow me to drink before the age of 20.二十岁之前，父亲不允许我喝酒。I was not allowed to go to the park without a ticket.没有票，他们不允许我进入公园。用法拓展allow doing 允许做某事(不能用于被动)allow for 估计到，考虑到；对留有余地；体谅allow of 容许；许可即境活用完成句子高中毕业前，父亲不允许我开车。My father doesn't _ me _ before I graduate from hi

29、gh school.翻译句子对不起，先生，这里不允许吸烟。(allow doing)_单项填空It's best to _ shrinkage when buying cotton clothes.Aallow for Banswer forCallow of Danswer of答案：allow；to driveSorry, sir, we don't allow smoking here.A4as well也；又；还用法拓展as well as也；又；和一样besides况且；除了之外还in addition此外；而且(副词短语)in addition to除了之外还(介词

30、短语)not only.but(also).不但而且both.and.既又特别提醒“not only.but(also)”是连词词组，可连接各种结构，包括句子，而“as well as”不能连接句子、谓语等。“not only.but(also)”的重点是在后面，所以在连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数与后面的主语保持一致，而“as well as”与之相反。易混辨析as well与as well asas well as被看作复合介词，后接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语等；当后接动词时，多用­ing形式。She's clever as well as beautiful.她既漂亮又

31、聪明。We shall travel by night as well as by day.我们得日夜兼程。She sings as well as playing the piano.她不但会弹琴，而且会唱歌。as well表示“也”，用于肯定句句尾。He is a scientist，but he is a poet as well.他不但是科学家，而且是诗人。即境活用单项填空Internet，as well as newspaper and magazines，_an important part in our daily life.Ahave played Bare playingCi

32、s playing Dhas been playedThe wise little girl can ride a horse and swim，and she can shoot_.Aas well as Bas wellCeither Dalso答案：C当“as well as”修饰句子的主语时，句子的谓语动词应与前面的主语在人称和数上一致，由此可排除A、B两项；Internet和play之间为主动关系，故排除D项。Bas well置于句末，意为“也；又”。而“as well as”只能连接两个并列的句子成分；either只能用于否定句；also不能置于句末。5pick up拿起；举起；用

33、车接某人；无意间学会(新技能)；接收(电子信号)；有起色；顺便去买用法拓展pick at(因不饿)只吃一点；挑挑拣拣地吃pick on找的茬；与过不去pick out挑选；挑出pick over仔细挑选pick through搜查；搜寻pick up on详尽地讲述(别人已经提到的事)特别提醒在pick的搭配中，at，on是介词，out，over和through是副词，使用时要加以辨别。即境活用单项填空She_a few German phrases while staying in Berlin.Apicked on Bpicked upCpicked through Dpicked atM

34、ost of the time he just_his food.He is particular about it.Apicks up Bpicks onCpicks at Dpicks over答案：B考查动词短语词义辨析。在pick组成的四个短语中，只有pick up有“无意间学会(新技能)”的意思。C考查短语辨析。pick at指“吃食物时挑挑拣拣”。6work out解决；计算出；制订出；按某种方式发展；结果用法拓展work at从事work against努力反对work as当；做工作work for为工作；受雇于；努力促成work on从事；继续特别提醒work out表示“结

35、果”时，其后面用副词修饰；turn out后接名词或形容词。即境活用单项填空We didn't plan our art exhibition like that but it_very well.Aworked out Btried outCwent on Dcarried onI thought hard but couldn't_a solution.Atry out Btake outCwork out Dget out答案：A考查动词词组辨析。try out“试用；试验”；carry on“继续开展”；go on“继续”。本题中设空前面的it指代句子前面部分的“our

36、 art exhibition”，but的转折说明它“结果很好”。结合句意，答案为A。Cwork out“计算出；想出(解决的办法)”。句意为：我使劲地想但也想不出解决问题的办法。重点句式1.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。用法拓展be admitted as作为被接受。另外，only在句首加介词短语和状语从句的时候要用倒装句。即境活用翻译句子Only is this wa

37、y can we solve the problem._只有当他回来的时候，他才能认识到错误。_答案：只有用这种方式我们才能解决这个问题。Only when he comes back will he realize his mistake.2Women are not only allowed，but play a very important role in gymnastics，athletics，team sports and.妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用用法拓展not only.but(also)“不仅而且”，用来连接并列成分。She

38、is not only good at mathematics，but she is interested in English as well.她不但擅长数学，而且对英语也感兴趣。He made away not only with his own money，but also with much of his wife's.他不只花掉了自己的钱，还把他太太的钱也花掉了不少。 温馨提示not only.but(also)“不仅而且”。当它引导两个句子时，not only引导的句子要用部分倒装形式，但but also引导的句子必须用正常语序。Not only will help be

39、given to people to find jobs，but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且必要时给他们提供医疗服务。Not only did the dog bark at him，but it bit him.这只狗不但对他吠叫，而且咬了他。即境活用单项填空_snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest

40、.ANot only they broughtBNot only did they bringCNot only broughtDNot only they did bring答案：B3No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women!别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！用法拓展表示否定的词或短语置于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序，如：not，no，never，seldom，hardly，scarcely，little，nowhere，in no way，at no time等。Never have I thought abo

41、ut cheating you.我从未想过要欺骗你。At no time shall we betray our motherland.任何时候我们都不能背叛自己的祖国。“not only.but also.”“hardly/scarcely.when”“no sooner.than”连接两个句子时，如果将not only/hardly/scarcely/no sooner提到句首，则该分句倒装。Hardly had we entered the room when it began to rain.我们刚进屋就下雨了。Not only did he refuse the gift，he al

42、so severely criticized the sender.他不仅拒绝了礼物，还严厉地批评了送东西的人。so，neither/nor表示“也”“也不”，置于句首时，句子部分倒装。He likes pop songs，so do I.他喜欢流行歌曲，我也喜欢。as引导让步状语从句时，需将表语和状语提前，though引导让步状语从句时也可用这种倒装结构。Talented as he is，he is not yet ready to turn professional.别看他有天分，他却没把心用到专业上。only置于句首，修饰句子的状语或状语从句时，句子用部分倒装语序。Be patient

43、.Only when the meeting is over can we know the result.耐心点，会议结束了我们才能知道结果。there，here，now，then等副词及表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装结构，但当句子的主语是代词时，句子不倒装。Suddenly，there came a voice from the ceiling.突然，从天花板上传来了一个声音。With the bell ringing，out rushed the students.铃响了，同学们跑出了教室。特别提醒“not only.but also.”放在句首时，“not on

44、ly”后的句子用部分倒装，“but also”后的句子不用倒装。only修饰主语置于句首时，不用倒装。即境活用单项填空Life is hard for the students in our school.Hardly_by_some exam or another taking place.Aa week goes；withBa week goes；withoutCdoes any week go；withDdoes any week go；withoutHe hasn't been to the countryside；_he want to go there.Aso has Bs

45、o doesCneither has Dneither does答案：D本题考查倒装句和双重否定。hardly为否定副词，放在句首时主句用部分倒装，因此排除A、B两项。根据句意可知第二空需要用without与hardly构成双重否定表示肯定。这里指“每周一定有考试”。D考查倒装句。由第一句中的hasn't可知空格处需用neither；又由want是原形可知时态为一般现在时。4There's as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.国与国之间争取奥运会承办权

46、的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。用法拓展在否定结构中，第一个as可换成so，即“not so/as.as”，意为“不如那样；不像那样”。He is not so/as tall as his brother.他长得不像他弟弟那样高。表达倍数的词要置于“as.as”结构之前，即“.times as.as.”。My room is twice as big as yours.我的房间是你的房间的两倍大。涉及数量时，可以用“as much.as”或“as many.as”，只不过前者用于不可数概念，后者用于可数概念。When she worked there, she could earn as m

47、uch as 500 dollars a week.她在那儿工作时，每周能挣500美元。特别提醒否定形式的同级比较时，第一个as可以换成so。第二个as也可以是连词，引导比较状语从句，从句常用省略形式；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。“as much.as”中间加单数名词时，应用“as much a/an.as”，其中much表示程度，而不是“和一样多”。Her ring is twice as big as mine.她的戒指是我的戒指的两倍大。The work is as good as finished.工作就要完成了。即境活用单项填空It is reported that the Uni

48、ted States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe.Aas twiceBtwice muchCtwice much as Dtwice as muchPaper produced every year is _ the world's production of vehicles.Athe three times weight ofBthree times the weight ofCas three times heavy asDthree times as heavier as答案：DB5This is important because

49、 the more you speak English, the better your English will become.这是非常重要的，因为你讲英语越多，你的英语将越好。用法拓展the比较级， the比较级的意思是“越，就越”。第一个“the比较级”是表示比较的状语从句，第二个“the比较级.”是主句。这个句型表示从句和主句的两个变化是同时进行的，指主句的情况随着从句表示的程度而变化。The more he has, the more he wants.他越有越贪(他贪得无厌)。特别提醒(1)该句型常加以缩略，多用于谚语、习语。(2)若状语从句部分置于主句之后，则主句部分可以使用正常

50、的句法结构。The sooner, the better.越快越好。The more he thought about it, the more disappointed he became.他越想这事越失望。The less said about the whole thing, the happier I'll be.对整个事情议论得越少，我越高兴。即境活用完成句子你吃得越少，越苗条。_ _ _ _， the slimmer you'll be.答案：The less you eat知 能 层 层 练一、单项填空1You may not like the newcomer,

51、 but you have to _ that she is good at her job.AadmitBdeclareCannounce Dreport答案：A解析：admit“承认；接受”，后直接接宾语。2How much do you _ for repairing such a pair of shoes?5 dollars, sir. It's a reasonable price.Aspend BcostCpay Dcharge答案：D解析：本题考查charge sb. for(doing) sth. 短语的用法。charge“收费”，此处询问对方收到多少修鞋的费用。3We can't _ against other countries in trade if we don't develop ou