高二英语被动语态解题技巧及练习题(含答案)

1、高二英语被动语态解题技巧及练习题（含答案）一、单项选择被动语态1. Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatalaccidents.A. are urging, followed B . are being urged, followingC. are urged, to follow D . urge, being followed 【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.,为固

2、定搭配。敦促某人做某事”。分析句意可知是事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故 A与D是错误的。事件已发生了 故不能用to follow作定语，following ,后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用B。2. A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman to be infected with thebird flu virus.A. confirmedB. had been confirmedC. was confirmedD. have confirmed【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告

3、发生在 2014年，当时，一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。Confirm证实，确认，根据 was reported in 2014可知，是过去的事情，先行 词是2014,定语从句也用一般过去时，排除B、D; woman与confirm是动宾关系，即她是被确诊的，故选 Co考点：考查时态与被动语态3. The officer commanded that everyone passing by that day.A. searchB. would be searchedC. be searchedD. must be searched【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：军官命令那天经过的人

4、都被搜查。command后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，（should） +动词原形，此处 everyone和search之间是被动关系，故答案为Co4. To my, he was not a little at the news that he had won the first prize inthe English speech contest, for he thought that he didn't perform so well.A. astonishment; astonishingB. astonished ； astonishingC. astonishment; as

5、tonishedD. astonish ； astonishment【答案】C【解析】考查 astonish 相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是,他对这个消息并不感到惊讶.to one'sastonishment 使某人感到惊讶的是 “”； be astonished at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 “”。故选 C.5 Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion? Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene to have made it out safely.A have thought B a

6、re thought C had thought D were thought 【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意： 你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?是的，在现场的35 名矿工中，只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有2 个人被认为安全获救，用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B.6 In no timeby a string of measures backing Hainan s efforts to deepen reform andopening-up.A the landmark decision was followedB was the landmark decision follo

7、wed C did the landmark decision follow ； D the landmark decision had been followed; 【答案】A【解析】 【详解】考察句子语序。句意：在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深化改革和扩大开放。In no time （立刻，马上）位于句首，句子用陈述语序，不用部分倒装。另外，该句陈述的过去的事情，因而用一般过去时，综述选A。【点睛】关于部分倒装。部分倒装，也叫不完全倒装，指的是谓语部分的be 动词，情态动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类：第一，否定性副词或者赋词短语，比如 seldom，

8、 hardly， at no time, in no case, on no occasion 等位于句首时，比如，Hardlydoes he get late. 第二， only 修饰副词性短语谓语句首时，比如only in this way can wesucceed而本题中in no time （立刻，马上）,不是否定意义的短语，故不用部分倒装。7 The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than when we admitted.A will getB getC

9、 gotD have got【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：我们校长希望我们在毕业的时候比入学的时候更有雄心壮志。从句中主语 we 和动词 admit 是被动关系，入学发生在过去，此处用一般过去时的被动语态；got 在此相当于were,故选C。8 Various efforts in the past decades to protect the environment.A had made B have madeC were made D have been made【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past de

10、cades 可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts 是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make 之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为D。9 The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A treatedB were treatedC would treatD would be treated【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态的用法。句意：在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。theguests in the hotel是定语从句 U,修饰 The wa

11、y, treat是从句的谓语动词， The guests与treat 之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选B。10 Chinese kites in ancient times in the shape of birds.A design B had designedC were designed D have been designed【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancienttimes 可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。11 You can t mov

12、e in right now. The house now.A has painted B is paintedC is being painted D is painting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C 选项正确。12 105 The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.A will

13、make B will be madeC has been made D had made【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际奥委会宣布在2020 年东京奥运会上将增加15个比赛项目。从年份2020 可以看出是将来的动作，项目和增加是被动关系，故要用将来时的被动，故选B。13 When I got to his house, I found that the walls .A are being painted B are paintingC were being painted D were painting【答案】C【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。句意：当我到达他家的时候，

14、我发现墙正在被粉刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态，故选C。14 Did he decide to take part in the competition? Yes, of course. He to.A has been encouraging B had been encouragedC has been encouraged D was to be encouraged【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意： 他决定参加比赛吗？ 是的，当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he 和动词 encourage 之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故先排除A项。再和第一句话的一般过去时

15、态结合起来分析，此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。15 With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year.A is washing awayB is being washed awayC are washing awayD are being washed away【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1. 确定谓语单复数：根据quantity 的用法，quantities of 和 a quantity of 后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，

16、但它们作主语时，quantities of后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of的谓语动词用单数，故排除A、D项。2.确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在 进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选 D项。【名师点拨】quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式； quantities of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式；a quantity of后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。I.Large quantities of mo

17、ney havebeen sent there 大量的钱已经被送至U那里；A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费；2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我 们；Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。16 Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday? To demand smaller classes of

18、 no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.A. was held B. had been heldC. has held D. held【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选 A。句意：一一你知道为什么上星期日中学老 师召开会议吗？ 一一要求更小班，每个班不超过 25-30个学生。17 It ' s so humid these days!-Don' t worry! The rain o stop from tomor

19、row.A. will expect B . expectsC. will be expected D . is expected 【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：一一这些日子天气潮湿。一一不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，"expec诔示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语 The rain与expect之间是被动关系。故选D。18 It is the third time so far that such a festival in my hometown.A. is heldB. has been heldC. will be he

20、ldD. had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third)tirmethafe是第一(二，三)次。一般来说，This is the first (second, third)time向th抠个句式中 that 从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。考点 : 考查句式用法19 The two nurses 100 ， 000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of theex

21、plosion.A rewardedB would be rewardedC have been rewardedD had been rewarded【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100， 000 元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“ but donated it to victims of the explosion. ，可知 “她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受 ”害者 ”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100， 000 元 ”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和 “奖赏 ”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。考点：考查时态和语态20

22、Oral English exams in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.A has held B will be heldC will hold D has been held【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次，为的是给学生更多的机会。句中主语 Oral English exams和动词hold是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完 成，排除D,故选B。21 New energy-sharing projects in dozens of cities across the c

23、ou ntry to fuel China ssharing economy in the next few years.A are to carry outB are being carried outC were carried outD will have been carried out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：新的能源共享项目正在全国数十个城市开展，目的是给中国未来几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知，表示新的能源共享项目正在城市中开展实施，才能给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。New energy-sharing projects 与动词 carry out

24、是被动关系，因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。A. are to carry out 一般将来时的被动，表示将实施，B. are being carried out 一般现在时的被动，表示正在被实施，C. were carried out表示动作发生在过去，一般过去时的被动；D. will have been carried out 将来完成时的被动。故选B。22 More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A are being builtB will be builtC have been builtD had b

25、een built【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。根据时间状语soon 可知，考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的，在具体做题时，需要关注的是时间状语。因此，考生在做本题时，需要先找出时间状语 soon,然后才能准确判断时态是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知，选项A 是现在进行时；选项B 是一般将来时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D 是过去完成时。故选择B。23 Commercial and recreational fishing population sizes and also made individualssmaller, s

26、ince big fish and smaller ones thrown back.A decreased; keptB had decreased; are keptC has decreased; keepD has decreased; are kept【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模，也使个体变小，因为大鱼被保留下来，小鱼被扔回大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态；第二空是一般现在时态的被动语态，主语big fish 与 keep 是被动关系，故答案为D。24 The Olympic Sports Center at pre

27、sent in the city and is said to be open to the publicin 2019A is built B has built C is being built D will be built【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：奥运会体育中心现在正在被建。据说2019 年会对公众开放。句中时间状语是at present 意为 “现在 ”，介绍正在发生的事情，主语the Olympic Sports Center 与build该词被动关系，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故 C项正确。25 They realized that the problem

28、 Ted put forward was difficult .A to solveB solvedC to be solvedD solving【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语be difficult to dosth.难以；很难 后跟不定式，且在此结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用to solve形式。故选A。26 I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well.A. have told;washedB. hav

29、e been told;washesC. have been told;washedD. was told;washes【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态句意：我想买这种布，因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。我”和告诉”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响，所以需用完成时态的被动语态；一 些动词 wash, lock, sell, wear, read, open, shut, clean等,如果主语如果是物，且表示 主语的特性或品质时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。the cloth washes well是指 这种布料很好洗”就是说明这种布料的特征的，应使用一般现在时。故选B。2

30、7 The father,along with his four children,hangzhou.When they will be back fixed.A. have gone to;isn B. thad gone to;is not C. went to;aren ' t D. has gone to;has not been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查的是主谓一致性及时态。句意：这位父亲和他的四个孩子去杭州了。他们什么时候回来还没有定下来。along with , together with , as well as, with引导并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持主

31、谓一致，根据When they will be back fixed.可知，说话时他们不在现场，应使用have/has gone to至某地去"；When they will be back是主语从句，谓语动词应 使用单数形式，结合从句中的时态可知，此处应使用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响。故 选D。28 I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.A. won't be seenB. wasn't seenC. hasn't been seenD. hadn't

32、 been seen【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知，这是过去的事情；再根据 for a long time可知，此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。t live there any more.29 The house, which last night,my aunt but she doesnA. was broken into; is belonged to B . broke into; is belonged toC.

33、broke into; belonging to D . was broken into; belongs to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据 last night及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，breakinto破门而入”，答案为was broken into;第二空，belong to属于"，无进行和被动语态， 结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为belongs to。故选D。30 Amy, as well as her brothers,a warm welcome whe

34、n returning to the village last week.A. is givenB. are givenC. was givenD. were given【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据 last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B;本句的主语是 Amy,她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选Co31 If the new safety system to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC.

35、 should be put D. would be put【答案】A 【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done 形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A 项是正确的。【点睛】英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hard,you '

36、ll surely pass the exO.条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小） If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if 从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（be 一律用 were） would/could/might/should+ 动词原形2.与过去事实相反had donewould/could/might/should+have done3. 与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be 一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用 would） c.were to+动词原形would/could/m

37、ight/should+ 动词原形与现在事实相反 if从句：动词过去式（be-were）主 句： would/could/might/should+ 动词原形If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, Ishouldn ' t do that.If it weren' t raining, we wOUte事实相反 t Sfa挑句: had done 主句： would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadn t helped us, we couldn t ha

38、ve succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadn t been ill, he mighthave come.3.与将来事实可能相反 if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were） b.should+ 动词原形（不能用would）c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+ 动词原形 If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I woul

39、d stay athome and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he cometomorrow, please give the book to him. 错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would knowwhat to do now.If you had followed the d

40、octor s advice then, you would be all right now.If youhad watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.（ 有时时间会省略）含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be ableto live without him.（如果没有）He would have failed but for his teacher' s（timely advice.不是） =if it had not been fo

41、rIf only you had worked with greater care!（ 要是 就好了）Youwould have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident. 虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I wouldhave taken part in the singing compet

42、ition. （实 虚） =I was ill that day. If I hadn t been illthat day, I would have taken part in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didn ' t have enough money虚实）=He would have bought the piano if he had hadenough money, but in fact he didn' t have enoughmoney条件句在虚拟语气中，i

43、f从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were,那么可省略if,把had, should和were 放在句首构成倒装，简称省略if 倒装条件句。If he had finished the work yesterday, hewould have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would havegone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldn t do that.=were I you, I wouldn t ds

44、hould meet him, I would tell him about it.=Should I meet him, I would tell him about it.32. The coach, together with his players, to the party held last Friday night, aimingto celebrate their win in the match.A was invitedB were invitedC has been invitedD have been invited【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被

45、动语态。句意：这个教练，和他的队员一起，被邀请去参加上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他们赢得比赛。根据句中的“last Friday night（上周五晚上）”可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The coach,为第三人称单数形式，“together with介词词组作主语的伴随状语，不能算作主语，所以谓语动词应与Thecoach 保持一致。故选A。【点睛】主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲，即在英语组词成句的过程中，主语的人称、数、格发生了变化，谓语也必须跟着变化，保证主语和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中，这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三

46、个原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也是复数形式。当than ，with ， as well as， along with ， together with ， like， rather than ， except， not， but， including， plus， besides， in addition to 等加名词或代词结构在主语后面时，谓语不受这些短语影响，须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了together with 结构，所以句子的谓语动词与主语th

47、e coach 保持一致。33. - Why are you buying a new refrigerator?一The old one so many tim es that it ' s not worth it any more.A has repaired B is repairedC has been repaired D has been repairing【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意： 你为什么要买一台新冰箱？ 旧的冰箱已经被修过很多次了，它都不值得再修了。表示现在之前的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，主语“冰箱 ”和 “修理 ”是被动关系，故选C。34.

48、 Pity that I haven t gotfaortitchkeect oncert tonight. It doesn t matter. I m sure it on TV.A will be broadcastB will broadcastC has been broadcastD is broadcasting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意： 很可惜我没有今晚的音乐会的票。 没关系，我相信它会在电视上现场直播的。因为今晚将发生的事，所以应用将来时，it代替concert,它与broadcast 之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。【点睛】 本

49、题难度适中。动词的时态和语态放在一起考查增加了试题的难度，需要考生有分析理解 复杂的句子结构的能力，必须会根据语境或已给动词的形式来判断动词的时态。如本题 中，因为今晚将发生的事，所以应用将来时，it代替concert,它与broadcast之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。35. In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones yet.A haven t builtB haven t been built C hadn t builtD hadn t been built【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：在 20世纪80年代，这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面，混凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知，混凝土的道路还没有建”表示的动作发生在 “therewere only muddy roads