初三中考英语阅读理解专题之文章的逻辑训练讲义教案(含练习答案)

1、学员编号：年 级：课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课类型TCT文章的逻辑能力训练1教学目标通过本节了解和熟悉语句之间的逻辑星级授课日期及时段教学内容T能力-语言逻辑训练董廉开门（建议3分钟）曾经有一段真诚的爱情摆在我面前我没有去珍惜等到失去后知道追悔莫及尘世间最痛苦的事莫过于此如果再给我一次机会我会对那个女孩子说三个字我爱你如果非要在这份爱上加一份期限的话我希望是一万年这是大话西游里的一段经典台词，现在，请你来用逻辑词改编一下，看是什么效果（建议22分钟）一、语言逻辑是什么语言逻辑训练【讲解】语言反映了人的思维，而思维要讲究逻辑性，一句中的逻辑关系如果清楚，可以推断词义，诸如 “我

2、很丑，可是”，后面大致可以想见；同理，句子间的逻辑关系明白，可以推断句义。所以学习语 言，非常重要的是掌握语言逻辑的表达方式，请注意，我说的是掌握表达方式，而非掌握语言逻辑。因为 我们长这么大，说了这么多话，看了这么多书，若没有一点语言逻辑是活不到现在的。这跟应试有关系吗？当然，无论是中考还是高考，阅读、完型、首字母、写作这些题型全都需要语言逻辑来应对。所以，我们 就来看看英语的语言逻辑是怎么表达的。什么是语言逻辑性呢？让我们先来看一道真题：典型例题Lose one hour in the morning,you will be looking for it the rest of the d

3、ay.A. butB. andC. orD. so【讲解】很多学生拿到这道题，会想当然的选择C项，因为它读起来最顺口，也最符合大家的“语感”。但我们细心分析一下，C项的“ or”表 否则“，否则”表示作者是想要反证前面的观点是正确的，那言下之意就是提倡大家要在早上浪费一小时。而这与、日之计在于晨”的传统观念是不相符的，也不符合中考出题 和谐性”的主旨。让我们从逻辑的角度来看这道题，会发现两句话之间是条件和结 果的关系。如果你早上浪费一小时，那么你在剩下的一整天都会去找寻它。A项表转折，D项表因果，只有B项表递进，符合题意。我们再来看一道题典型例题 English is very useful

4、, people all over the world learn it.A. because B. therefore C. but D. if【讲解】这道题其实已经不仅仅是一道语法题了，它更应是一道语言逻辑题。C很好排除，D也能很快排除，如果全世界人学英语，英语就是非常有用的。 这个逻辑是颠倒的， 相当于说，如果有很男生送你花，你就是长的漂亮的。很多学生会纠结于A和B,到底是“英语是有用的，因为全世界人都学它”，还是“英语是有用的，所以全世界人都学它"。这两个答案都有人选。如果还是比较纠结，我们再 看这两句话：A、妈妈是爱你的，所以妈妈打你。B、妈妈是爱你的，因为妈妈打你。你觉得

5、你同意A还是B呢？再回到例句，再问一下，到底是有用在前？还是学习在前？到底是妈妈爱你在前，还 是打你在前？打了你之后才爱你的？这个逻辑岂不是搞笑？所以这道例题选A更符合现实逻辑。、逻辑词训练表逻辑关系的词语归纳:由1、表顺承、补充与递进and: similarly ； either; too; what's more； besides; moreover; in addition; additionally; furthermore； what's worse; worse still; to make matters/thingsworse典型例题1. I don't

6、 want to go; I'm too tired.2. The rent is reasonable, and the location is perfect.3. They eat a great deal of fruit4. He did not even say anything to her, and she did not speak to him5. I don't want to go there, I have no time to do so.答案：1. besides 2. moreover 3. in addition 4. either 5. Fu

7、rthermore也2、表转折but; yet; however; instead; on the other hand; on the contrary （相反地） ; nevertheless（然而）; otherwise; after alls go sw imming典型例题1. It ' s too hot to go for a walk, let2. Don't blame him. , he ' s only a child.3. We must do our best to achieve our goal,we will lag behind oth

8、er rivals（ 对手）. 答案：1.instead 2. After all, 3. otherwise3、表因果弓I出原因：for; as; since; now that; because; thanks/owing/due to; because of; on account of（= because of）; as a result; result from （vt, 由。弓I起）;典型例题1. We should be more careful,it is already dark.2. Let ' s stay at hom it 'raining hard

9、outside.答案：1. for 2. for弓 I 出结果：so; therefore; thus; as a result; accordingly; result in （vt, 导致）; lead to; bring about （vt, 导致）; so that（so）that典型例题1. Don' go away,you will lost in direction .2. These birds are very rare and protected by law.3. she did not make enough money to live in her own h

10、ouse, she went back to live with her mother.4. An ordinary cold can soon a fever.5. He was clever much he can solve it in a few minutes.答案：1. or, otherwise 2. Therefore 3. Since 4. lead to 5. so that中2 4、表让步：Although; though; while; even if/though; while; as 倒装旬；疑问词-ever; nomatter +疑问词； despite; in

11、spite of; however;典型例题1.I really don ' t like art, I find his work impressive.2. they may be useful at times, most users do not frequently use them.3. Faildid, I would never give up.4. I still went out the rain.5. They remain friends all their differences.答案：1. While 2. Although 3. as 4. in spit

12、e of 5. despite囹5、表目的in order to; so as to; in order that; so that; in case典型例题1. He ran away he should be seen.2. She worked very hard in the past five years buy his parents an apartment in Shanghai.3. The bus stopped pick up passengers.4. I got up early I could catch the train.答案：1. in case 2. in

13、order to 3. so as to 4. in order that（建议10分钟）题目选自2011年上海各区县一模试卷根据逻辑关系填空1. The food in this restaurant is very delicious, it is too expensive. （崇明县 40 /J、题）2. Ken's job is protecting the innocent finding the guilty because he is a detective.（徐汇区50小题）3. Don't waste any water resources,you'

14、ll run out of them in the near future.（杨浦区 49小题）4. my father my mother like playing table tennis. （松江区 42 /J、题）5. These boys tried to play a trick on Tom,failed.（青浦区 53 /J、题）6. Nowadays there are frequent floods global warming becomes more and more serious.（黄浦区 38 小题）7. Maria didn't catch the la

15、st bus, she had to walk home.（卢湾区 37 小题）8. Being buried in the mine was terrible the 33 Chile miners （矿工）never gave up in a time of trouble.（浦东新区36小题）9. you have been to America for many times, you must know something about this country.10. We're going to Heping Cinema. You can come with us,you

16、can meet us there later.11. There is a nice film this evening,I have to study for a test tomorrow.12. The Australian wildfires this year killed many people animals.13. I don't mean that it can't be solved,I agree that there are still some problems.14. She stood up she could see the words on

17、the blackboard clearly.15. The British singer Adele says she won't go on a diet it's for health reasons.答案：1. but 2.not only.but also 3. or4. Both, and,Neither, nor 5. but6. because 7. so 8. but9. Since10. or 11. but12. or13. though14. so that15. unless能力进阶训练（供培优学生）1. The robber told him tha

18、t he had better keep silent he wanted to get into trouble8A. ifB. unlessC. otherwiseD. whether2. Strange his behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it.A. although B. even if C. thatD. as3. The professor spoke in a loud voice every one of us could hear him.ve never seen her before in my lif

19、e.A. such that B. soC. so thatD. such4. I don ' t know why she ' s looking at me she knew me. IA. asB. although C. even ifD. as if5.he was putting on his uniform, the officer found that one of the sleeves was torn.A. Since B. Unless C. AsD. Before6. She always takes careful notes in classshe may review them from time to time.A. so thatB. in order toC. because ofD. rather than7. The reason he was late ishis clock didn't give the alarm.A. because8. due toC. sinceD. that8 . He explained everything over again anyone sh