钢材的硬度比较

1、钢材的硬度比较钢材的硬度比较Hardness Comparisons for Steel与布氏硬度大致相等的硬度数值Approximate Equivalent Hardness Numbers for Brinell Hardness Numbers for Steel(s)布氏压痕直径毫米Brinellindentationdia.,mm10毫米标准球10mmStandardball布氏硬度球3000公斤Hultgren球Brinellhardnessball.3000-kgHultgrenball数值(b)负载碳化钨球No. (b).loadTungstencarbideball金刚石锥

2、硬度标号DiamondpyramidhardnessNo.洛氏硬度数值(s)Rockwell hardness No. (s)洛氏表面硬度数值表面金刚石锥试头Rockwell superficialhardness No.superficial brale penetrator肖氏scelroscope硬度数值ShorescelroscopehardnessNo.张力强度(大致为)1000 psiTensilestrength(approx.),1000 psi布氏压痕直径毫米Brinellindentationdia.,mmA刻度，60公斤负载，金刚石锥试头A-scale,60-kgload

3、,bralepenetratorB刻度，100公斤负载，1/6英寸直径球B scale,100-kgload,1/6-in.dia.ballC刻度，150公斤负载，金刚石锥试头C-scale,150-kgload,bralepenetratorD刻度，100公斤负载，金刚石锥试头D-scale,100-kgload,bralepenetrator15N刻度，15公斤负载15-Nscale,15-kgload30N刻度，30 公斤负载30-Nscale,30-kgload45N刻度，45公斤负载45-Nscale,45-kgload-2.25-2.30-2.35-2.40-2.452.502.5

4、52.602.652.702.752.802.852.902.953.003.053.103.153.203.253.303.353.403.453.503.553.603.653.703.753.803.853.903.954.004.054.104.204.304.404.504.604.704.804.905.005.105.205.305.405.505.60-495-477-461-444-42941540138837536335234133132131130229328527726926225524824123522922321720719718717917016315614914

5、3137131126121116111-601-578-555-534-514-495-477-461-444429415401388375363352341331321311302293285277269262255248241235229223217207197187179170163156149143137131126121116111-767757745733722712710698684682670656653647638630627-601-578-555-534-514-495-429415401388375363352341331321311302293285277269262

6、255248241235229223217207197187179170163156149143137131126121116111940920900880860840820800-78076074073772070069769068067066767764064061560759157956955354753953052851650849549147447245544042541039638337236035033932831930930129228426926926125324724123422821820719618817817116315615014313713212712211785

7、.685.385.084.784.484.183.883.4-83.082.682.282.281.881.381.281.180.880.680.580.779.879.879.178.878.478.077.877.176.976.776.476.375.975.675.174.974.374.273.472.872.071.470.670.069.368.768.167.566.966.365.765.364.664.163.063.062.561.861.460.8-110.0109.0108.5108.0107.5107.0106.0105.5104.5104.0103.0102.0

8、101.0100.099.098.297.396.494.692.890.789.086.885.082.980.878.776.474.072.069.865.765.768.067.567.066.465.965.364.764.0-63.362.561.861.761.060.160.059.759.258.858.759.157.357.356.055.654.754.053.552.552.151.651.151.050.349.648.848.547.247.145.744.543.141.840.439.137.936.635.534.333.132.130.929.928.82

9、7.626.625.424.222.821.720.518.817.515.212.710.08.05.43.30.9-76.976.576.175.775.374.874.373.8-73.372.672.172.071.570.870.770.570.169.869.770.068.768.767.767.466.766.165.865.064.764.363.963.863.262.761.961.761.060.859.758.857.856.855.754.653.852.851.951.050.049.348.347.646.745.945.044.243.242.041.440.

10、5-93.293.092.992.792.592.392.191.8-91.591.291.091.090.790.390.290.189.889.789.689.889.089.088.488.187.387.587.287.286.786.586.386.085.985.685.384.984.784.184.083.482.882.081.480.079.378.678.077.376.776.175.575.074.473.773.172.571.770.970.369.7-84.484.083.683.182.782.281.781.1-80.479.779.179.078.477.

11、677.577.276.876.476.376.875.175.173.973.572.772.071.670.770.369.969.569.468.768.267.467.266.065.864.663.562.361.159.958.757.656.455.454.353.352.251.250.349.348.347.346.245.143.942.941.9-75.474.874.273.673.172.271.871.0-70.269.468.668.567.766.766.566.265.765.365.165.763.563.562.161.660.659.859.258.05

12、7.656.956.256.155.254.553.553.251.751.549.948.446.945.343.642.040.539.137.836.434.433.832.431.229.928.527.326.024.522.821.520.1-9796959392919088-8786-8483-81-80-79-77-75-73-71-70-68-66-65-6361595856545251504847464543-4140393837363534-333230-272625-232221-20191815-3293243233283093092972932852.7927426

13、6263259254253247243237235226225217210202195188182176170166160155150145141137133129126122118115111-1051009590878379767371676563605856-2.25-2.30-2.35-2.40-2.452.502.552.602.652.702.752.802.852.902.953.003.053.103.153.203.253.303.353.403.453.503.553.603.653.703.753.803.853.903.954.004.054.104.204.304.4

14、04.504.604.704.804.905.005.105.205.305.405.505.60a. 与结合SAE-ASME-ASTM硬度值相应的黑体数值转换为ASTM E48，表3。The values in bold face type correspond to the values in the Joint SAE-ASME-ASTM hardness conversions as printed in ASTM E48, Table 3. b. 布氏硬度以外加的压痕直径为基础。如果在检测期间出现球的变形(压扁)，则用维氏金刚石锥硬度计、洛氏金刚石锥头硬度计或其它队变形不敏感的硬度计

15、试头检测而得的相关的布氏数值就会因这种变形的不同而有所不同。因此，对于高硬度，布氏硬度计和维氏硬度计或洛氏硬度计的检测值之间的关系就会受到所采用的球体的影响。钢球(标准或Hultgren)与碳化球相比会更加容易出现轻微的扁平，导致比碳化球更大的压痕和更小的布氏值。因此，在640维氏硬度计试样上，Hultgren球的压痕是2.55毫米(578布氏硬度值)，而碳化球的压痕是2.50毫米(601布氏硬度值)。反过来，如果两种类型的球的压痕直径相同，则相当于具有不相同的维氏或洛氏硬度值。因此，如果两种材料检测的压痕都是2.55毫米(578布氏硬度值)，则Hultgren球的维氏硬度值就是640，而碳化

16、球检测的维氏硬度值就是615。Brinell numbers are based on the diameter of impressed indentation. If the ball distorts (flattens) during test, Brinell numbers will vary in accordance with the degree of such distortion when related to hardness determined with a Vickers diamond pyramid, Rockwell brale or other penet

17、rator which does not sensibly distort. At high hardness, therefore, the relationship between Brinell and Vickers or Rockwell scales is affected by the type of ball used. Steel balls (standard or Hultgren) tend to flatten slightly more than carbide balls, resulting in larger indentation and lower Brinell number than shown by a carbide ball. Thus, on a specimen of 640 Vickers, a Hultgren ball will leave a 2.55 mm impression (578 Bhn) and the carbide ball a 2.50 mm impression (601 Bhn). Conversely, identical impression diameters for both types of ball will correspond