RevisetheV ingform

1、Section IV GrammarRevise the V-ing form一、知识回顾用上节课所学的单词、短语或句型翻译以下句子：1、这项保险（in sura nee）保证你在发生火灾时不受损失。2、解决这个问题有许多种方法。3、对于这件事，人人意见不一。4、四川著名的旅游景点有九寨沟，峨眉山，都江堰（倒装句） 5、已经证实，小组学习有助于提高学习效率。二、本节知识重、难点1、V-ing的基本用法2、V-ing的时态和语态，现在分词和过去分词的区别3、V-ing的逻辑主语4、独立主格5、V-ing的复合结构二、课堂探究（一）认识现在分词在句子中充当除谓语动词以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做

2、非谓语动词。V-ing形式由 构成，其否定形式是 , V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有和的变化。主动语态被动语态一般式完成式(二) 摸底测验，说出以下句子中动词-ing所作成分。1. Getting on well with others needs many skills.2. They en tered the theatre, talking and laughing.3. The man up stairs watched the childre n playing football in the street?4. The teacher di

3、dn'mind Tom 'asking her many questions.5. His work is teaching English.6. The man sitting by the window is our maths teacher.(三) V-ing作定语The Greens possess a villa in the countryside with a big (swim) pool. The man(sit) under the tree is Mr. Green with a(walk) stick nearby. The (sleep) baby

4、in the(sleep) bag is his little son and the(run) dog, his pet, ischas ing a(fly) butterfly.归纳：1) -ing 形式作定语可意为 “供作之用”说明其用途；2) -ing 形式作定语可意为 “的” 说明某动作正在进行；3) -ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后，相当于一个定语从句(四) V-ing 主语 & 表语(drink) too1) It is unavoidable (drink) when you meet your friends, butoften or too muc

5、h equals to killing yourself.2) His hobby is (swim) after breakfast every day; but today , what he doesn 't wantto do is (swim) after drinking wine .Finish the sentences below.(没用) learning without thinking .( 不好 ) staying up too late._( 值得 ) having a try at it. ( 浪费时间 ) playing computers games.

6、 ( 没什么意思 ) going to a party on your own.归纳： v-ing 和不定式都可以作主语或表语， v-ing 作主语或表语表示一般或抽象的多次性的 动作， to do 作主语往往表示具体的或一次性 (或表将来 )的动作V-ing 作主语要掌握一些惯用句型：1)2)3)4)5)归纳：常用 -ing 形式作主语的句型有：It is/was a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing做是没益 /用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得It is/wa

7、s worth/worthwhile doi ng做是值得的There is no doing 无法, 不允许(五) V-ing 作宾语1) She looks forwards to (become) a volunteer and making contributions to the society.2) I can't help (think)of my own experience.3) The author enjoys (stay) alone more than being accompanied with friends.4) The child didn '

8、 t mind (leave) alone at home.5) Your room needs (clean).归纳：1) V-ing 常在 admit， appreciate， avoid， consider, delay, dislike， enjoy， escape, excuse， feel like， finish， give up, imagine， mind， miss， practise， put off， risk， suggest， can't help， can' t stand 等动词后作宾语。2) V-ing 作介词宾语的时候常与某些固定短语有关：d

9、ream of, stick to, be used to, object to, getdow n to, be fond of , tha nkfor , approve of, be in terested in, make con tributio ns to , be afraidof, apologize for 等3) 动词 need， require， deserve, want 作“需要”解，其后跟 V-ing 作它的宾语或不定式的 被动式活学活用能以 v-ing 作宾语的动词或短语动词有I don ' t e shopping in crowded stores.S

10、he s going to the Great Wall for the spring outing.I can ' t h glahuing whenever she speaks the local dialect.Be quiet! He hasn' t f speaking.Do you m my closing the window ？ It ' s so cold today.1)2)3)4)5)3I am afraid of He took little interest inShe is fond boating.They got used to (li

11、ve) in the country.The stranger came to the party without (invite).I must apologize not letting you know that earlier.介词后也接 V-ing 作宾语1)2)3)4)5)6)(laugh) at by others in public. (educate) his children.6(六) V-ing 作宾语补足语Didn 't you see a girl (run) towards us?Suddenly he heard someone (knock) gentl

12、y on the window.Once we caught him (sleep) in class.I ' m sorry to have kept you (wait).When I entered the room, I found him1)2)3)4)5)(read) English aloud.归纳： V-ing 常在一些动词后作宾语补足语： 感官动词： see, watch, notice, observe, look at ,listen to, hear , feel, smell, discover, find, catch 等； 使役动词： make, let,

13、 have, keep 等后作宾语补足语，表动词与宾语的关系是主动关系、表示 动作正在进行或一直进行。(七) V-ing 作状语1. (Be) ill, he stayed at home.(Use) your head, you will find a way.2.3. (Finish) my homework, I decided to go out for a walk.4. (Not know) much English, he could hardly understand the film.5. The men sat in the chair, (read) newspaper.

14、归纳： V-ing 形式作状语 ,可表时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步、伴随等含义 一个对应的状语从句所表达的意思 .(八)需要注意的几个方面 一、现在分词的被动式 一般式的被动： being done； 完成式的被动： having been done 现在分词的被动式表示一个被动动作， 这个动作通常是正在进行的； 或是与谓语表示 的动作同时发生；或是先于谓语动作发生。正在维修的那幢楼是我们的宿舍。 That building 我常常看卡车装煤。 I often watch the trucks 人家给了你这样一个好机会，你怎么能轻易放过？, 相当于1.2.3.(mend) is our

15、dormitory. (load) with coal.(give) such a good chance , how could you let it slip away? 二、现在分词的否定形式 一般式的否定式 not + V-ing 完成式的否定式 not + having done1. (not know) how to dye the silk red , he went to her for help.2. (not hear) from her son for a long time , the mother worried a great deal.三、 分词的逻辑主语 分词作

16、状语时， 其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致； 如果不一致， 需在分词前加一个逻辑主 语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或用状语从句。判断以下句子是否正确。1) Being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly.2) He being an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly.3) As he was an orphan, the nurse treated him kindly. 关于分词作状语时的逻辑主语问题，在试题中可以看到各种不同的命题技巧。 但是，高中阶段有一些固定的动词 -ing 形式短语， 它们的逻辑

17、主语可以和句子的主语不一致。 这种动词 -ing 短语可当作一个插入语。 , boys are more interested in science than girls. 一般说来，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣 ., he must come fromCan ada.从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大. how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free.鉴于他是那么的穷，我们决定让他免费听音乐会。四、 it rains, what will you do? 假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？ 动词 ing 形式的复合结构动词

18、ing 形式的复合结构指动名词前有其逻辑主语。复合结构通常由 “物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+动词 ing ”构成，在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格，通常在句中作主语和宾语。.他的到来使我们大家都很高兴。 (come) made us very happy.他被某人的敲门声吵醒了。 He was awakened by (knock) at the door.我不介意你开窗。 I don ' mtind (open) the window.我喜欢听约翰唱歌。 I enjoyed listening to (sing).五、现在分词和过去分词的区

19、别 现在分词和过去分词的区别主要表现在语态和时间关系上。1 . 语态上的不同：1) 现在分词表主动的意思，而由及物动词变来的过去分词表示被动和完成的意思。the exploiting classes 剥削阶级 (主动) the exploited classes 被剥削阶级 (被动)2) 有一些过去分词是由不及物动词变来的，它们只表示一个完成的动作，没有被动的意思。the fallen leaves 落叶 returned students 归国学生2 . 时间关系上的不同： 一般说来，现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行，而过去分词所表示的动作往往已经完成。the changing world

20、正在变化着的世界 the changed world 已经起了变化的世界 练习 1：1.2.(Lie) about it will only make matter worse.(Fly) abroad is very common nowadays.3. (Deliver) mails is a postman ' s duty.4. (rebuild) the cathedral that was bombed will cost a great deal of money.练习 2 ： Fill in the blank using the proper word.I crossed the street to avoid (meet) him, but he saw and came (run) towardsme. was no use pretending that I had not seen him,