




版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
1、动词不定式用法小结动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语,在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。一. 作主语 例如: To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。
2、 动词不定式(短语)作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为: It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如: Its important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语,称
3、为不定式的复合结构。例: Its good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语: 动词不定式(短语)作表语常用于系词be的后面。例:
4、; His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。三. 作宾语 动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。
5、例: I want to tell you a story.我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning.他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Dont forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一起去野餐好吗? *如果and连接
6、两个动词不定式,第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例: (1)He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我们一起去游泳。 (2)若作宾语的动词不定式(短语)很长,可用it作形式宾语。 I find it interesting to learn English with you.我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。 He found it hard to catch up with others.他觉得赶上别人很困难。四. 作宾语补足语
7、。例如: The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning. 老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。 The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games. 老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。 Please let me help
8、you.让我来帮助你。 动词不定式作宾语补足语,表示宾语所做的动作,可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”,可以归纳为以下三种句式: 1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语: tell /ask / want / would like /
9、wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth. 例:The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow. I want you to go now.我想让你现在就走。 Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母亲希望她当老师。 2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语: let / make / have sb.
10、 do sth. Let the boy go out now.让那个男孩出去。 The boy made the baby cry.男孩弄哭了这个小孩。 see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb. do sth. I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday. 昨天我看见学生们在操场打篮球。
11、 I often hear the girl sing in the next room. 我经常听到女孩在隔壁唱歌。 3.可省可不省的: help sb. (to)do sth. I often help my mother (to)do housework. 我经常帮妈妈做家务。 *动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 例: (1)Tell them not to play foo
12、tball in the street. 告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。 (2)省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 例: Let the boy not go.让那个男孩别走。 (3)如果将主动语态变为被动语态时,作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语,动词不定式则不省“to”,即原来省的再加上,例: The boy made the baby cry. The baby was
13、 made to cry by the boy.那个孩子被男孩弄哭了。五. 动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词,放于所修饰的词后,为后置定语。 Who was the first one to arrive?谁第一个到的? She has no paper to write on?她没有纸写字? The best way to learn English is to use it. 学英语最好
14、的方法是使用它。 When is the best time to plant vegetables? 什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间? Do you have something to drink? 你这有喝的吗? *动词不定式(短语)作定语修饰名词时,与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系,如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时,其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例: I have no ch
15、air to sit on.我没有椅子坐。 He has no house to live in.他没有房子住。六.不定式和疑问词连用,可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语等。例: The problem is where to get a computer. (表语) No one knows how to do it.没有人知道如何做这件事。(宾) I really dont know which one to choose. (宾)我真的不知道选哪一个。
16、*不定式和疑问词连用作宾语时有时可以改为宾语从句。例: I dont know what to do next.我不知下一步该做什么? I dont know what I should do next.课堂练习题 一. 选择填空: 1. He asked me _ here earlier. A. come B. to
17、come C. coming D. came 2. Please tell him _ on the wall. A. dont draw B. to no
18、t draw C. not to draw D. not draw 3. He wanted _ a cup of tea. A. to have
19、; B. having C. have D. had 4. Id like _ a word with you. A. had B. having
20、; C. to have D. have 5. I came here _ my uncle. A. saw B. to see
21、160; C. seeing D. to be seen 6. The man refused (拒绝)_ back his words. A. to take B. taking C. took
22、; D. takes 7. I can let you _ one ticket. A. to have B. have C. having
23、60; D. had8. We often heard him _ in his room. A. to sing B. sings C. sang
24、0; D. sing9. He was made _ day and night. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked10. He st
25、opped _ a look, but saw nothing. A. having B. to have C. have D. had11. My father was too angry _ a word.
26、60; A. to say B. not to say C. to saying D. didnt say12. My brother was old enough _ to school. A. went
27、; B. goes C. going D. to go13. It is time _ him _ supper. A. of, to have B. for, to
28、have C. of, having D. for, to has14. Its very kind _ you _ me. A. of, to help B. for, to help
29、60; C. of, help D. of, helping15. Its important _ our classroom clean every day. A. kept B. to keep
30、60; C. to give D. keep16. Before liberation (解放)they had no chance _ to school. A. went B. go
31、60; C. to go D. to be gone17. He said he had an important meeting _. A. attend B. would attend
32、160; C. attending D. to attend18. Please give me a piece of paper _. A. to write B. to write on &
33、#160; C. writing D. to write it19. I dont know _. A. what do B. what will do
34、160; C. what to do D. do what20. Your radio needs _. A. to be repaired B. to repair C. repaired
35、160; D. to repairing21. My wish is _ a teacher. A. becoming B. to become C. become
36、160; D. became22. I want _ him a letter now. A. to write B. not write C. write D. wr
37、ote23. It took us three days _ the trees. A. plant B. planted C. to plant D. p
38、lants24. Why not _ here _ me? A. to come, to see B. come, to see C. came, seeing D. come, see25. He wishes me _ my best _ hard at English. A. to do, to work
39、 B. doing, working C. to do, working D. do, work26. Please tell me _ her. I have something _ her. A. where to find, telling B. where to find,
40、 to tell C. where can find, to tell D. where finding, telling27. How happy they are _ each other again! A. to see B. see &
41、#160; C. saw D. being seen28. They decided (决心)_ a letter _ their thanks. A. to write, expressing(表达) B. writing, express C. write, expressed D. to write, to express29. The officer order
42、ed (命令)him _ down _ a rest. A. lying, have B. to lie, to have C. to lie, having D. lie, had30. The headmaster called on (号召)us _ hard for our country. A. to work
43、160; B. worked C. work D. to working二. 根据上句意思完成下句,使两句意思相近或相同,每空一词。 1. He was so angry that he couldnt say anything. He was too angry _ _ anything. 2. I dont know when we will have the meeting. I dont know when _ _ the meeting. 3. He said he would
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 场地租赁承租合同
- 数据传输与处理服务合同
- 应对压力的个人工作方案计划
- 培养学生艺术欣赏能力的方式计划
- 2025物业安全生产检查与评估计划
- 化工产品质量检测计划
- 篮球社团年度总结与展望计划
- 二零二五版土地租赁返租及回购协议
- 担保合同的变更和转让的情形
- 25年各个班组安全培训考试试题及完整答案【易错题】
- 《餐饮空间设计》课件
- 【八下英语外研版】专题08 完形填空(15空)20篇
- 2024年贵阳市贵安新区招聘中小学雇员教师笔试真题
- 计算机一级选择题真题(含答案)
- 环保管家合同范例
- 《家用电器销售管理系统的设计与实现》2000字(论文)
- 土地用途管制政策考核试卷
- (DB45T 2228.1-2020)《公路养护预算编制办法及定额 第1部分:公路养护工程预算编制办法及定额》
- 材料的性能与规划 课件-2024-2025学年高中技术苏教版(2019)必修《技术与设计1》
- 国家安全教育高教-第六章坚持以经济安全为基础
- 韦莱韬悦-东方明珠新媒体集团一体化职位职级体系方案-2018
评论
0/150
提交评论