同位语从句导学案

1、高一英语必修3 Unit3 Noun Clauses (名词性从句) 导学案Part1.主语从句（Noun Clauses as the Subject）【学习目标】1.基本认识，了解名词性从句的概念及其种类。2.认识，了解并掌握主语从句和表语从句的用法和引导词3.自主学习，合作探究；学会分析与总结的方法，并能学以致用。【使用说明及学法指导】1. 老师引领学生积极动脑思考，结合所学知识自主构建关于英语名词性从句知识体系。2. 探究总结疑难点并学以致用。 一课前导学 【知识体系构建】【什么是名词性从句？】我们已经了解了定语从句，加上我们以前了解的宾语从句和状语从句，好像“名词性从句”这个概念本身

2、就和我们所熟知的概念不是一路货色。没错。请看下表：根据从句在句子中的功能分根据从句的性质分定语从句形容词性从句主语从句名词性从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句状语从句副词性从句原来名词性从句是从另一个角度所命名的从句，即在句中起名词作用的从句就叫名词性从句名词性从句包括 ， ， ， 。引导名词性从句 连接词 that, as if/though, if ,whether 的连接词 连接代词 who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever 连接副词 when, where, how, why二课中导学 （一）主语从句定义-用作

3、的从句就叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。学习步骤：Step1：感悟下列各句的主语并且划出下列句中的主语：(标出词性)1. You are a student 2. A tree has fallen across the road.3. Smoking is bad for you. 4. To find your way can be a problem.5. It is impossible to finish this task in half an hour.6. 30 years has seen the changes in our hometown.Step2.认识主语从句，主语

4、从句在从句中作主语。1.1).What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.2).Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance.3).Who will go makes no difference.4).Which kind of food is the best is still not certain.5).When they will have a new restaurant opened has not been decided yet.

5、6) How gold was found there is not clear.7). Why there is gravity is hard to understand.8）It is our duty that we students clean the classroom every day.思考与探究： 作主语的可以是 从句用什么语序？ 8)句子的主语怎么不在句首？ Step 3：寻规找矩：请划出下列各句的主语(部分)。1. That she was chosen made us very happy.2. Who will go to the concert is not kno

6、wn.3. Whether she will come or not is still a question.4. Which book they will choose is still unknown.5. When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. 6. Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.7. How they will solve the serious problem today has not been decided.8 . What surprised me most was

7、 that the little girl could play the violin so well.9. Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.10. Its strange that he knows nothing about it.11. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.12. It is said that President Hu Jingtao will visit our school next week.小结归纳主语从句的引导词有：_St

8、ep3: 用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever, when, where, how, why, because, that, if, whether, as if/though1. _ he didnt attend the meeting yesterday wasnt quite clear.2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope _ the two sides will work towards peace.” 3. _ t

9、eam will win the match is still unknown.4. _ comes to the party will receive a present.5. _ Mary has left is still a question. 6. Its reported _ three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.7. _ he solved the problem successfully interested all of us.8. We usually think _ we can

10、t get seems better than what we have. 9. It is a fact _ English is being accepted as an international language.10. _ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasnt been decided.Step4: Translation 用主语从句翻译下列句子所缺部分1. 这位老人的儿子想知道的是金子藏在哪里了。 is where the gold is hidden.2. 他是否能顺利的完成这项任务还是不确定的。 is uncertain.

11、3. 每个人都有一本字典是很有必要的。 everybody has a dictionary.4. 谁杀死了这位科学家仍然是一个迷。 is still( remains) a puzzle.5. 他们是怎么去美国的，这正是我所想知道的事情。 is just what I wanted to know.6. 车祸为何会发生是我们所关心的事情。 is what we are concerned about.7. 我们成功举办了2008年奥运会是一个伟大的荣幸(honor)。 that we held the 2008 Olympics successfully. 8. 据报道刘德华将在四月底结婚。

12、 Andy Liu is getting married in late（at the end of）April.9. 重要的是，大家都知道自己该做些什么。 everybody knows what he should do.Part2. 表语从句（Noun Clauses as the Predicative）定义-用作 的从句就叫表语从句，它是名词性从句之一。学习步骤：Step1：感悟下列各句的主语并且划出下列句中的表语：标出其词性1. My mother is beautiful. 2. the man who is standing there is my father. 3.My j

13、ob is teaching English. 4.The important thing in life is to have a great aim. 5.My books are in my schoolbag. Step2认识表语从句，表语从句在复合句中做表语1）Her wish is that she could lose weight soon. 2) The question is whether it is worth doing. 3) It looked as if it was going to snow. 4) The problem was who could do

14、the work. 5) That is what he is worried about. 6) His trouble is where he can find a new job. 7) That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet. 思考与归纳： 作表语的还可以是 从句的语序必修是 语序 从句前面是 动词；3）句中从句前是 动词Step 3：寻规找矩：请划出下列各句的表语(部分)。1. What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.

15、3. The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。4.Thats just what I want. 这正是我想要的。5.This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。6.That is why he didnt come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。7.It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。8.The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 问题是什么时候我们可以得到加

16、薪.9.The problem is who can host this meeting. 10.The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。11.The problem is whether we can get the things we need12.He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影， 那是因为他得帮助他的

17、妹妹做作业 小结归纳表语从句的引导词有：_对比这两种从句的引导词发现什么 引导词分为三类即连接代词、连接副词和连接词，连接代词有 连接副词有 从属连词有 Step4: 选择适当的词填空引导从句，使句子意思完整。who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever, when, where, how, why, because, that, if, whether, as if/though1) The question is we can make good preparation in such a short time.2)

18、 The question is we can go back to our homeland3) But the fact remains we are behind the other classes.4) The reason he is late for school is he missed the early bus.5).Our plan is we11 90 there once a week6).This is I want7).Their difficulty is they can raise enough moneyStep4: Translation 用表语从句翻译下

19、列句子所缺部分The trouble is (that) . 麻烦是他已丢了他的钱。The question is .问题是我们是否需要更多的冰激凌。The question is . 问题是我们中的那一个应该去。The problem was .问题是谁能这项工作。Thats .那就是他所正在担忧的。Go and get your coat. Its . 去取你的上衣，它在你落下的地方。I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats .那就是我湿透的原因。That is .那就是老鼠每年是怎样毁坏许多粮食的。It looked . 看起来天要下

20、雨。Thats .那是因为我们从来没想到它。It seems . 他似乎不知道答案。宾语从句（Noun Clauses as the object）定义-用作 的从句就叫表语从句，它是名词性从句之一。学习步骤：Step1：感悟下列各句的宾语并且划出下列句中的宾语：(写出词性或名称)1.I like English. ( )2. I love my home land. ( )3. I dont know anything about it. ( )4. Would you go to the cinema with us? ( )5. I want to help you. ( )6. He

21、enjoy playing table tennis. ( )7. I dont know which answer is correct. ( )Step2.认识宾语从句，主语从句在从句中作宾语。1）I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wonder whether/if Lin Qiao zhi remembered how many babies she had delivered.3) Do you know whom John Adams was spe

22、aking to? (Do you know who can speak French?)4) He asked whose spacesuit it was. 5) Pay attention to what the doctor said, will you?6) He cant tell me when Jody Williams won the Nobel Peace Prize.7) I dont know where Charlie Chaplin got his stick.8) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?9)

23、 Do you know why he was absent?10) I am afraid that they will not come back on time.思考/归纳与探究： 作宾语的除了词、词组外还可以是 从句的语序必修是 语序 引导宾语从句的连词有 你是否记得引导主语从句与表语从句有那些词 引导宾语从句可以省略。 一般情况if 与whether引导宾语从句时可以互换，可是在主语从句和表语从句中引导词只能用 不能用 上面3)句中，whom在从句中作 who在从句中作 。 上面1)和5)两句子的引导词能互换吗？为什么？ 上面10)句中的宾语从句前的谓语是由 + 构成 上面 5）句中

24、的宾语从句是作了 的宾语。上面4）句中主句的时态是 所以宾语从句中的时态用相应的 。Step3: 用适当的连词填空，使句子意思完整。who, whom, what, whose, which, whichever, whatever, whoever, when, where, how, why, that, if, whether, I want to know he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 She always thinks of she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。She will give needs help a warm

25、support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。He has told me he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。We must never think we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。He didnt tell me we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.None of us knows these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这

26、些的新的零件能在哪里买到.Do you know has won Red Alert game? 你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？The book will show you the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?He told me he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.I dont know the

27、re will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.Step4：用宾语从句的形式翻译所缺部分Can you tell me （会议什么时候举行）？Do you know （他们每个月能争多少钱）？They are discussing （在那儿/是非给你开个生日Party）。I dont know (他是怎么从监狱里逃出来的)People on the earth know (很久以前恐龙已经灭绝了)We dont know (他们为什么怎么快就把问题解决了)Step5：认

28、识表语从句，表语从句在复合句中做表语学习宾语从句需要特别注意的几个问题1.if和whether在宾语从句中的区别 if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know, ask, care, wonder ,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if。 少数动词,如:leave, put, discuss, doubt后的宾语从句常用whether. whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以. 在不定式前只能用whether.（如：I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。） 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.2.

29、be+形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. 他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.3.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句动词find, f

30、eel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we

31、 (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要. 4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America 5.宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, exp

32、ect, fancy, guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I dont think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he wont come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I dont believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We find that he never listens to th

33、e teacher carefully, does he?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?6. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气1）I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 2）The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 在demand、order、suggest、insist, desire, request, command, recommend等表示要求、命令、建议、等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。 口诀记忆-一：坚持；二：命令；三：建议

34、；五：要求。高一英语必修三Grammar 语法名词性从句宾语从句 导学案 Class Name 2014.4.20Step1:that, who, whether, which, when, why, how, what, whoever Step 21. Why 2. that 3. Which 4. Whoever 5. Whether, why, how, when6. that 7. How, when whether, 8. what 9. that 10. WhoStep 31. What the old mans son wants to know is where the go

35、ld is hidden.2. Whether he can finish the task successfully is uncertain.3. It is necessary that everybody has a dictionary.4. Who killed the scientist is still( remains) a puzzle.5. How they went to America is just what I wanted to know.6.Why the accident happened is what we are concerned about.7.

36、It is a great honor that we held the 2008 Olympics successfully. (That we held the 2008 Olympics successfully is a great honor)8. Whatever you said may do harm to（hurt）others.9. It is reported that Andy Liu is getting married in late（at the end of）April.10. It is important that everybody knows what

37、he should do.11. It is probable that he has forgotten our appointment today.12. Whichever road you choose now will decide what kind of person you will be in the future(who you will be in the future。高一英语必修三Grammar 名词性从句之四 同位语从句 导学案 Class Name 2014.5.5相关文章答案解析Step 11用名词或代词作同位语。2用形容词作同位语。5用-ing形式作同位语。6

38、用不定式作同位语。*1由两个或两个以上同一层次的语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能也相同,后项是前项的。our new teacher是Mr. Smith的,指同一人。a friend of my brothers是Tom的,指同一人。*2如与其同位成分关系紧密时不用逗点隔开;如对其同位成分只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开。himself和John都是单一的字作,与其同位成分之间不用逗点隔开。*3除表示其同位成分的全部意义外,还可以表示部分意义。如与其同位成分关系紧密时不用逗点隔开;如对其同位成分只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开。*4除表示其同位成分的全部意义外,还可以表示部分意义。（1

39、1，12）Step2:同位语的句子1，That 2, whether.3,whether,4, that, 5, where, 6, how, 7, that定语的句子句的that she should stay in the room这个从句说明了建议的内容，同时，that只起连词作用，在从句中既不是主语，也不是宾语，但不能省略，所以它是同位语从句。寻规找矩： 我们可用连词that, whether以及连接代词who, which, what和连接副词how, when, where, why等来引导从句作同位语，称为同位语从句。在同位语从句中that 虽不作句子成分，且无意义，但不可省略。

40、同位语从句常对一些抽象名词做进一步的解释和说明。这些名词常见的有：idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order 等。step 3.巩固练习1：that 2wherever 3whether 4.Whoever5when 6 that 7whichever 8 that 9. When 10. whether 11. whatever 12. Wherever 13. where 14. why Step4 transla

41、tion1. The news that I have passed the exam is true2. Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time3. The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once4. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school5. Whoever wins will get a golden medal.6. Whatever she did was right.7. He didnt give the answer the question why he was late.8. There is a question where we should go.9.The fact that he failed in the exam made his parents very angry.10. I have no idea when he was killed.11.They didnt answer the question where the