高二上M6U2基础知识梳理

1、精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：高二 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课类型T M6U2基础知识（上）T M6U2基础知识（下）T 采访类作文授课日期及时段教学内容批注：每个人对幸福的看法都不一样，老师的幸福就是家人和朋友都健健康康，平平安安的就好了，同学，你的幸福呢？一、同步知识梳理知识点1：To some, happiness is being surrounded by family and friends. surround v. _1) A high wall surrounds the prison.The prison _ _ _ a high

2、 wall.2)The house is situated in very pleasant _.答案：1)is surrounded with/by 2)surroundings 批注：surround v. 围绕；环绕surround.with.使包围be surrounded with/by被包围surroundings n.pl.环境知识点2：To others, happiness means achieving success in something, such as meeting a goal. 1. mean v. _ adj._ 1) He had _ to leave

3、on Sunday, but has stayed on. 他本来想星期天走的，但又留了下来。2) John really upset Granny, but I'm sure he did not _ _. 约翰真让奶奶心烦, 不过我相信他是无意的。3) I mean you_ _ _ our spokesman. 我想请你当我们的代言人。4) What do you mean _ _ like this? 你这样做是什么意思?5) These rooms _ _ _ the children's centre. 这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。6) She is smar

4、t_ _, she knows exactly what I think. 她很聪明我的意思是说，她完全知道我的想法。7) Her husband is very _ about money.答案：1) meant 2)mean to 3) to work as 4) by acting 5)are meant for 6)I mean 7)mean 批注：mean v. 意思是，意味着，打算 adj. 吝啬的，小气的，苛刻的1) mean doing sth. :“意味着(必须要做某事或导致某种结果)”2) mean to do sth. 的意思是“打算或企图做某事”, 其主语通常是表示人的

5、名词或代词，其过去完成式表示“本来打算做某事”。3) mean sb. to do sth.的意思是“打算让某人做某事”。4) mean后接名词或副词，意为“表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接 that 从句，意为“表示”。如：“I meant well,”he said. 他说，“我是好意。”5) What do / did you mean by.?该句型的意思是“你是什么意思?”6) be meant for该短语的意思是“打算给予；打算作用”。7) I mean 的意思是“就是说；我是说”的意思，常用来更正或补充前面所说的话。8) 吝啬的,小气的(+about/over/with)典例讲解

6、：1. In some parts of London, missing a bus means_ for another hour.   A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting2. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.  A. who

7、0; B. that  C. as  D. which3. If you think that treating a woman well means always_ her permission for things, think again. A. gets             B. got             C. to g

8、et              D. getting1.答案：A 解析：mean doing 表示“意味着”；mean to do表示“打算”。2.答案：D 解析：which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰的先行词是前面整个句子。3.答案：D 解析：mean doing 表示“意味着”；mean to do表示“本打算”。知识点3：Sang Lan is very good example of someone who is happy with her life,

9、even when people expect her to be sad. expect vt. _ n. _1) We should not _ _ overnight. 我们不能期望一夜之间就取得成功。2) I didnt _ _ find you here. 我没料到在这里碰到你。3) I expect _ I will be back on Sunday. 我预计星期日回来。4) When _ _ _ to leave? 你想什么时候离开?5) I _ _ to come early, but I missed the early bus. 我本来想早点来的，但未赶上早班车。6) _

10、 _ _ that the report will suggest some major reforms. 预计这个报告会提出一些重大的改革。7) He returned three days earlier _ _. 他回来的时间比预料的要早3天。8) It is _ _ _ _ your son will leave home eventually. 儿子总归要离开家的，这种事很难免。答案：1) expect success 2) expect to 3) that 4) do you expect 5) had expected 6) It is expected 7) than exp

11、ected 8) only to be expected批注：expect vt. “期待”“期望”，n. expectation 1)后接动词时要用不定式，不用动名词。如：若语义需要，其后还可接不定式的复合结构。如：He expected her to go with him. 他期望她同他一起去。2)expect 还可表示“预计”“预料”等。如：I expect a storm. 我预计会有场暴风雨来。3)其后可接 that 从句，若从句谓语为否定，注意否定的转移。如：I dont expect that he has done such a thing. 我预料他不会干出这种事来。4)其

12、后可接 that 从句，但不接疑问词引导的从句，若遇有疑问词，则要使用“疑问词+do you expect”这样的句式。When do you expect to come back?5)表示过去未曾实现的想法或打算，通常用过去完成时，但在一定的上下文当中，只要意思清楚，也可只用一般过去时。有时在其后接不定式的完成式。I had expected to go with you, but something unexpected happened.I expected to have gone with you, but something unexpected happened.6)有时用于“

13、It+be+过去分词+从句”结构，表示“预计”。如：Its expected that the war would end soon. 预计战争不久即可结束。7)注意as expected（不出所料）和than expected（比预料的更）这个搭配。如：The ascent of the mountain is proceeding as expected. 登山正在按计划进行。8)be (only) to be expected是一个很有用的表达，其意为“在预料当中的”“可能发生的”“相当正常的”。如：His weakness after the illness is only to be

14、 expected. 他病后体弱是预料之中的事。典例讲解：1. Mum is coming. What present _ for your birthday? A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she gotC. do you expect she has gotD. do you expect has she got2. According to the art dealer, the painting _ to go for at least a million dollars. A. is expected B. expects C

15、. expected D. is expecting3. I've worked with children before, so I know what_ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects1答案：C解析：此句中do you expect为插入语，由于do you expect已用疑问语序，主句用陈述语序，故选C。2答案：A解析：油画与价格之间是被期待着的关系。此句应用被动语态。3答案：B解析：what, which, how, when, where等特殊疑问词后一般接动词不定式

16、，与疑问词一起充当宾语，表语。知识点4：Well, in case some of our viewers dont know her story, can you tell us a little bit about Sang Lan and who she is? 1. in case _1) I don't think I'll need any money but I'll bring some just _ _.2) _ _ _will we give in.3) I left for the office earlier than usual this mo

17、rning _ _ _ traffic jam.答案：1) in case 2) In no case 3) in case of批注：in case 假设，万一，以防in that case 如果那样 in case of + 名词in any case 无论如何，总之 in no case 绝不（部分倒装）典例讲解：1.I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. A. in caseBso that Cin orderDas if 2.How can you expect to lea

18、rn anything _ you never listen?A. in case   B. even if   C. unless   D. when3.We always keep _ spare paper, in case we run out.A. too much  B. a number of  C. plenty of  D. a good many1.答案：A 解析：in case表示“以防，万一”; so that “以便”,引导目的状语从句；in order后可以接不定式，也可接th

19、at引导目的状语从句；as if 表示“好象”。2.答案：D 解析：when引导的条件状语从句，此句意为，“你从来不听，怎么能学到东西”。3.答案：C 解析：此句意为，“我们总是保留充足的纸，以防用光”。2. a little bit = _= _ 有点儿 1) Im not _ _ _tired. 我一点也不累.2) Im not _ _ _ tired. 我非常累.3) I need _ _water.我需要一点水.答案：1) not a bit 2) not a little 3) a little 批注：a little bit= a bit = a little有点儿a bit of

20、修饰不可数名词not a bit= not at all 毫不 not a little= much非常典例讲解：I wish youd do _ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better. A. a bit lessB. any lessC. much moreD. a little more答案：A 解析：此句意为，“我希望你少说一点，多做一点，因此，事件会变的更好”。知识点5：Even though her training meant that she had to live apart from her pa

21、rents, she was happy to devote herself to gymnastics. 1. even though/if：_1) It is better to ask him _ _ he (should) refuse. 2) I felt _ _ I'd been lying in the sun for hours.3) _ _, I still stick to my own opinion. 答案：1) even though/if 2) as though/if 3) Even so批注：even though/if尽管/即使 as though/i

22、f好像/仿佛 even so 虽然如此/即使如此典例讲解：1. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. A. untilB. even ifC. unless D. as though 2. Your uncle seems to be a good driver; _, I wouldnt dare to travel in his car. A. even so B. even though C. therefore D. so 1. 答案：B 解析：此句意为，

23、“即使小孩有不同的意见，也要让他们说出来”。2. 答案：A解析：even so“尽管如此”；even though“尽管，即使”；therefore“因此”；so“因此”。2. apart from _1) I dont think you can tell the two brothers _.2)_ _ (Besides/ In addition to) the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 答案：1) apart 2) Apart from批注：apart from : besides in addition to

24、 as well as on top of 除了之外，若不是know/tellapart 识别，区别 takeapart 拆开，拆卸；痛斥3. devote oneself to sb/sth _1) a _son/ friend/ supporter一个孝子/忠实的朋友/不遗余力的支持者2) The doctor is determined to devote his whole life to _(研究)Aids virus.3) He devotes all his efforts _the task. 4) Her son, _whom she was so devoted, went

25、 abroad 10 years ago. 答案：1) devoted 2) researching 3) to 4) to批注：devote oneself to sb/sth 献身于，致力于devote sth to sth 把用于devote /dedicate ones energy/life/time/money/attention to 把精力/生命/时间/注意力用在adj. devoted 忠诚的；挚爱的；全心全意的 be devoted to 献身于devotion n. 奉献, 献身, 忠诚；热爱, 挚爱典例讲解：1.Our Party has always dev

26、oted great attention to raising the living _ of the working people. A. cost    B. situation    C. level    D. standard答案：D 解析：此句意为，“我们党一直很关注提高人民的生活水平”。知识点6：All said she was in good spirits.in good spirits _1) Before the party had been going half an hour,

27、everyone was _ _ _.晚会进行不到半小时，大家都已兴高采烈。2) The army was_ _ _ despite the uncomfortable conditions.尽管处于不适的情况，军队依然士气高昂。3) They believe that his _ lives on after death. 他们相信他死后灵魂还活着。答案：1) in good spirits 2) in good spirits 3) spirit批注：in good spirits精神状态饱满spirit作“妖怪，幽灵”讲是可数名词；作“精神，精神实质”讲时是不可数名词；作“情绪”讲时多用

28、复数。in high spirits情绪高昂 in low/poor spirits情绪低落raise ones spirits鼓舞某人的情绪 keep ones spirits up振作精神知识点7：Sang Lan knew that for many people the secret to happiness is to have appreciation for the good things in life, and to focus on goals.1. appreciation n. _ v. _1) We shall appreciate _ from you again.

29、 能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。2) I would _ _ very much if you would help me with it. 如果你能帮助我做这事，我会十分感激。3) I _ _ your kindness. 我深深感谢你的好意。答案：1) hearing 2) appreciate it 3) deeply appreciate 批注：appreciation n. 欣赏，赏识；感谢，感激。v. appreciate1) appreciate其后可接名 (代)词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式：I appreciate that you have come

30、here so early. 感谢你来得这么早。2)习惯上其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语 (注意：这与thank 的用法恰恰相反)I appreciate your kindness. 谢谢你的好意。 3)后接if或when从句时习惯上要先接it，其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it：We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。4.关于修饰语的搭配习惯，表示程度,可用 deeply, highly, (very) much 等修饰：He highly apprec

31、iated their help. 他非常感谢.知识点8：He was able to overcome her sorrow by being proud of the things she had accomplished. 1. overcome v. _ overcome difficulty_ overcome obstacles_overcome ones shyness_ be overcome with fear_答案：overcome v. 控制感情，克服苦难，征服overcome difficulty战胜困难 overcome obstacle克服障碍overcome on

32、es shyness克服害羞 be overcome with fear 感到十分害怕2. accomplish v. _1) This task is _ by great effort. 这项任务是经过巨大努力才完成的。2) She seems to _ _. 她似乎没有任何建树。答案：1) accomplished 2) accomplish nothing批注：accomplish v. 达到(目的)；完成(任务、使命等)；实现(诺言、计划等)；做到，做成功；走完(路程、距离等)to accomplish one's mission 完成使命I accomplished the

33、 journey in little more than two hours.我用两个多钟头行完旅程。accomplish nothing 一事无成 ; 没有出路 ; 一无所成 accomplish much 大有作为 知识点9: How has Sang Lan adapted to her new life?adapt v. _ _ adj. _ n._1) This novel has been adapted _radio/as a radio program from the Russian original.2) These styles can _ _to suit indivi

34、dual tastes. 答案：1) for 2) be adapted 批注：adapt v. 使适应，使. 适合 adaptable adj. 能适应的，适应性强的；可改编的adaptation n. 适应，适应性；改编本adapt (oneself) to sth. (使)适应=adjust oneself to sth. adapt A for B 为B改造/改编Aadapt from 根据改编 adaptas 把改写为讲这个单词时，需要和adopt一起讲，这两个是意思不同的形近词，考试中常一起出现。adapt是适应，改编，而adopt是收养和采用。知识点10: However, he

35、r primary goal is to advocate better treatment for disabled people. advocate v. _ n. _1)This is not a surprise to public health _. 这对公共卫生的提倡者来说一点也不足为奇。2)Many experts advocated _your child for good behavior. 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。3)The report advocated that all buildings _ _ _ with smoke detectors.报告主张所

36、有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。答案：1) advocates 2) rewarding 3) should be fitted批注：advocate v. 拥护；提倡；主张； n. 支持者；拥护者；提倡者It is advocated that.主张，提倡advocate doing.主张做注意: advocate后不跟不定式，跟从句时，从句中用虚拟语气，即(should)+do。二、课堂达标检测检测题（一）：完成句子1. 即使训练意味着要远离父母，她也很高兴投身体操事业。_ _ her training meant that she had to live _ _ _ _, she was

37、happy to _ _ _ gymnastics.2. 桑兰在练习跳马时在一个多年来做得很好的动作上出现了失误。Sang Lan _ _ _ _ _ a vault she had done perfectly for many years.3. 在我一生中，不同阶段我所做的不同事情我都为之自豪，但在我的脑海里印象最鲜明、记忆最幸福的时光还是我求学的那些日子，所以我觉得那是我一生中最幸福的时光。I have been happy about different things _ _ _ during my life, but my _ _and _ memories are _ of sch

38、ool days, so I think that was the happiest time in my life.4. 我要做的事就是上学，以及回家后学习几个小时。All I had to do was _ _ _ and spend a few hours _ when I came home.5. 我那时还是一个天真的孩子，不必思考工作上的各种问题，也没有必要为收入而担忧，或者担负照顾家庭的重任。_ _ _ _, I didnt need to think about problems _ _, or worry about _ or how to _ _ _ a family.答案：

39、1. Even if/though, apart from her parents, devote herself to2. made a mistake while practising3. at different times, most vivid, happiest, those4. go to school, studying5. As an innocent child, at work, income, take care of检测题（二）：复述Reading，并填入所缺单词。 When Sang Lan got to the Goodwill Games held in New

40、 York, she felt very happy. She was a dedicated athlete, 1 _ had spent many years practising her sport. 2 _ strongest event was the vault and she was the best in China. She hoped to win this event at the games. 3 _, during a practice vault, this young girl made a small mistake. Her mistake 4 _ her t

41、he ability to walk. Instead of landing on her feet, Sang landed 5 _ her head and broke her neck. She was rushed to a top hospital, and doctors said she would never walk again. While in hospital, Sang had many 6 _, including Christopher Reeve, an actor who once played Superman. Reeve could not 7 _ ei

42、ther, due to an unfortunate horse riding accident. He encouraged Sang to stay positive and told her that being sad wouldnt help her get better. Sang already knew this, and won the sympathy and admiration of people 8 _ the world with her good attitude and beautiful smile. Sang returned to China, and

43、now studies journalism and is also hosting 9 _ sports programme about the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Sang Lan works 10 _ at everything she does. She enjoys learning new things and has a good attitude towards life. With her positive thinking, she is a role model for young people nationwide!答案：1. who 2. H

44、er 3. However 4. cost 5. on 6. visitors 7. walk 8. across 9. a 10. hard一、同步知识梳理知识点1：She was accompanied by an experienced ski instructor and she learnt very quickly.accompany v. _ _1) Last night, my _kept me _to see a film and then they_me to my home.昨天晚上，我的伙伴们陪我看了一场电影然后陪我回了家。2)A skin rash may be _

45、by fever. 出皮疹时可能伴有发热现象。答案：1) companions company accompanied 2) accompanied批注1：accompany v. 陪同，陪伴；伴随, 与同时发生 accompany sb. to some place陪伴某人去某地accompany sb. at/on.用为某人伴奏 accompany.with/by与同时存在或发生keep sb. company陪伴某人 in company with与一起注意不能说accompany sb. to do.批注2：易混辨析accompany，company，companion词语词性意思/用

46、法accompany及物动词陪伴，伴随某人company作“陪伴”讲时为不可数名词；作“公司”讲时为可数名词常用keep sb. company陪伴某人，(be) in company with sb.和某人在一起companion可数名词同伴，伙伴知识点2：As soon as they arrived at the hospital, they headed directly for the doctors office. head for _1)They look as though theyre _ _ divorce. 他们看样子会离婚。2)Well _ them _ at the

47、bridge! 我们将在桥头拦截他们！3)He _ _efforts to replace him as leader. 他挫败了要取代他的领导地位的企图。答案：1) heading for 2) head. off 3) headed off 批注：head for朝方向行进；前往；面临(状况结果) head off阻挡；阻止head sth. up领导、主管知识点3：Whichever way I look at it, Ill never be really good at anything unless I quit doing everything else. 1. unless =

48、 _ conj. _同义句转换Unless you call me to say you're not coming, I'll see you at the theatre. = _答案：unless = if not conj. 除非否则I will see you at the theatre, if you do not call me to say you are not coming.典例讲解：1. _ you have tried it, you can't imagine how pleasant it is.A. Unless B. Because C

49、. Although D. When2. We dont keep winning games _ we keep playing well.A.because B. unlessC. whenD. while3. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.A. whether  B. until C. if  D. unless4. It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health.A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if5. _you call me to say youre not coming, Ill see you at the theatre.A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless答案：1-5 ABCAD2. quit vi. & vt. _ 1) I wish you would al