what引导名词性从句五种用法_第1页
what引导名词性从句五种用法_第2页
what引导名词性从句五种用法_第3页
what引导名词性从句五种用法_第4页
what引导名词性从句五种用法_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩5页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

1、what 引导名词性从句的五种用法、用法归纳1 .表示“的东西或事情他们已经尽力帮助了她。They ve done what they can to help her.He saves what he earns.他赚多少,积蓄多少。What Mary is is the secretary.2.表示“的人或的样子”He is no longer what he was.He is what is generally called a .玛丽的职务是秘书。他已经不是以前的那个样子。他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。Who is it that has made Fred what he is now?

2、是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的?3.表示“的数量或数目Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 的两倍。我们现在的收入是10 年前The number of the students in our is ten times what it was before liberation.现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10 倍。4 .表示“的时间”:After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。The young girl was

3、too to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours.小女孩吓得不敢说话,在那儿站了几个小时。5 .表示“的地方”:This is what they call Salt Lake City.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。二、用法说明(1) 这样用的what 相当于 “先行词 + 关系代词”,所以其前不能有先行词:你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。正:You can have what you like

4、. / You can have everything (that) you like.误:You can have everything what you like.(2) 有时 what 可用作限定词,其后修饰一个名词:I gave him what books I had.我把我所有的书都给他了。He gave me what money he had about him.他把身边带有的钱全给了我。(3) What 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词,但通常不能是单数可数名词:误: I gave him what book I had.(4) What后接不可数名词时,有时可有littl

5、e 修饰。注意区别: what+ 不可数名词=所有的都,what little+不可数名词=虽少但全部。如:I spent what time I had with her.我所有的时间都是与她一起度过的。I spent what little time I had with her.我仅有的一点时间都是与她一起度过的连接代词that 和 what引导名词性从句的用法比较2009-04-13 23:22先看下面一道单项选择题:impressed me most wassuch a little boy could play th e violin scA. Th at ; w hatB. Wh

6、at ; that C. That ; thatD. What ; w hat很明显,这道题考查的知识要点是名词性从句。名词性从句是高中阶段的重要语法项目之一 语试题考查的重要语法项目之一,是高中阶段的重点,也是难点,尤其对于连接代词that彳 少学生感到十分困惑,做题几乎是靠 蒙”来寻求答案。以这道题为例,第一空是what引导 主语从句中作主语;第二空是that引导的表语从句,that在表语从句中不能省略,不作成 然that和what都可以引导名词性从句,但他们在句子中的语法功能截然不同。下面我们结彳 年全国及各省市高考英语试题中t hat与w hat的相关题目对二者在引导名词性从句时的用也

7、2 00 6年全国及各省市高考英语试题中that与wh at的相关题目1. What di d you r pare nt s thi nk abo u t you r d eci sio n? T h ey al way s l et me d o I t hinkI should.A. whenB. that C. ho wD. w h at(全国 I I T16 )解析:这一题的正确答案是D。what在本题中引导名词性从句并作动词do的宾语。2 . Eng i nes are to m achi n es h ea rt s ar e t o an i ma l s.A. as B. t

8、hat C. what D. w hich(山东 T23 )解析:这一题的正确答案是Co本题汉语意思为 发动机对于机器正如心脏对于动物一样”。 句型,其基本结构是“A is to B what C is to D ”。在这个句型结构中,what引导的表卡 e的表语,同时 what在表语从句中又作表语。3. W it h hi s work co m pl et ed , t he bu si ne ssma n st ep ped back to hi s seat , feel ing s a man of act io n.A. w h i ch B. t ha t C. what D.

9、wh et h er(湖南 T 34 )解析:这一题的正确答案是B o本题考查宾语从句的用法,因从句h e was a man of act i不缺少句子成分,且表达肯定意义,所以此空应填入连词th at, th at只起连接作用,不作有4. It 's thirty years since we last met. But I st il l remember t h e sto ry , believe it or not, we got lost on a raA. wh i ch B. that C. what D. when(四川 T3 0 )解析:这一题的正确答案是B o本

10、题考查that引导的同位语从句的用法,两个逗号之间的部 not为插入语,因空的后面是一个语法意义上完整的句子,可以断定这是一个以that引导的 which引导定语从句在从句中要作成分;C项 What引导名词性从句时意思是 -的东西/耳 等”,等同于定语从句中的 先行词+ t hat ”,本句中已有先行词t h e st or y,如选wh at造成 when引导定语从句从句缺少表时间的先行词。二.t ha t引导的名词性从句首先,在引导名词性从句时,t ha t 一般具有不可省略性。连接代词that除引导第一个宾语从句时可以省略外,引导其他各类名词性从句皆不能省略, It i s r equ

11、ir ed in th e r egu lat io n s t h at you sh ou ld not tel l ot he r peo pl e the pas -m ail accou nt.( 2 00 5 天津) Don't yo u t h ink it ne cessa ry t h at he not b e sent to M iami bu t t o N ew YI ag r ee, but t h e p ro bl em i s t h at he h as r ef used to.( 20 05 江苏) T h er e is mu ch chan

12、ce t h at Bill wil l r eco v er fro m h is i nju r y i n t im e for t h e r a(2 0 06 天津 T1 4 ) Our En gl i sh teacher t ol d u s (t h at) we al l d i d ver y w el l i n t he exam i nat i on ar got full m ark.以上四个句子中,that分别引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句和宾语从句,除在第四个 t可以省略外,其他的t hat均不可省略。其次,在引导名词性从句时,t ha t不作句子中的任何成

13、分。例如: Nobody believed h i s reaso n for bein g ab sent f r om th e cl ass t hat h e h ad t o m e the airp ort.( 200 6 重庆 T 33 )该句中,th at引导同位语从句,但在句中不作任何成分。2) It is our bel ie f th at_im pr ov em en t s i n h eal t h car e wil l l ea d t o a st ron ge r, mo ren omy.(2006 浙江 T4 )该句中,it是形式主语,that引导的主语从

14、句才是整个句子的真正主语,that在句中不作£ 最后,在引导名词性从句时,t ha t没有任何词汇意义。 A warm thought su d denl y ca me to m e t h at I mi ght use the po ck et mo ney to b for my mother's birthday.( 2006 安徽 T29) D anb y l eft word w it h my s ecre t ar y t h at he wou l d call ag ai n in the aftern oo n.(20 05浙江)在以上两个考例中,th

15、at仅起引导同位语从句的作用,没有任何词汇意义。综上所述,that在引导名词性从句时具有三大特点:不可省略,不作成分,没有词义。三,wha t引导的名词性从句首先,w ha t引导名词性从句时,wh a t在句中不省略。这一用法与t hat引导名词性从句时的用法不尽相同。 He spo ke pr ou dl y of h is part i n the game, wit hou t me nt io n ing w h at h is team m e. ( 2 0 06 上海 T 39 )wh at在该句中引导宾语从句,w h at不可省略。 Great cha ng es have t

16、 ak en pl ace i n t h at sch oo l. It i s no l o ng er w h at it was 20 n it was so po orl y equ i pp ed.( 2 005 安徽)wh at在该句中引导表语从句,但在句中不可省略。其次,w ha t引导名词性从句时,具有词汇意义。这是what与that引导名词性从句的重要区别之一,W h at 一般指-的东西/事情/人/时归 D o you h av e an y idea w h at is actual ly going on i n t h e cl assr oom? ( 20 05

17、辽what在该句中引导同位语从句并作这个同位语从句的主语,词义为-'-的东西、事情”,整 是你知道教室里到底发生了什么事”。 It i s w h at y ou d o r at h er t ha n w h at you say t h at m at ter s.( 2005 天津)这是一个强调句型,被强调的部分是由what引导的两个主语从句,wh at在句中的词义为-整个句子的汉语意思是 关键要看你做什么而不是说什么”。最后,what引导名词性从句时不仅只起引导作用,同时还要作句中的某个句法成分这一点是wh at在引导名词性从句时与t h at用法区别的关键所在。 I jus

18、t wonder that makes him so excited.A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is ( 2 006 山东 T32这一题的正确答案是D,是一个强调句型作宾语的典型考例,被强调的成分what在句中不仅 的作用,同时在宾语从句中作m ak es的主语。A A mo der n cit y h as been set up in w ha t w as a w ast el an d ten year s ag o. ( 20 0 在这个句子中,what引导的从句作了介词in的宾语,同时w hat又在

19、宾语从句中充当主语 方”。值得注意的是,在引导名词性从句时,that引导的句子一般不作介词的宾语,相反, 子作介词宾语的情况显得更为常见。例如: The ot h er day, m y brot her d ro ve h i s ca r do wn t h e st reet at w h at I t hou ght w; speed.( 2004上海春招)本题中,介词at后面用了 what引导的宾语从句,what在宾语从句中作主语,而that不可综上所述,what在引导名词性从句时具有三大特点:不可省略,作成分,有词义。总之,掌握连接代词that和what在引导名词性从句时的用法并不

20、难,关键是要多读多背 能生巧”,希望各位英语习得者悟其道而践其行。1. “什么;多少;的,所的” 。如:I don't know what it is, call it what you like.我不知道它是什么, 你想叫它什么就叫它什么吧。It matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they th nk you think.重要的不仅仅是你怎么想,而且是别人认为你怎么想及你认为他们认为你怎么想。He asked what the price w

21、as.他问价格是多少。What she couldn ' t understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.她所不能理解的是为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣。Please tell me what you think of our chemistry teacher.请告诉我你对我们化学老师的看法。2. “的样子,面貌,状况”。如He seems different from what he used to be.他彳以乎跟过去不样了。What a person looks lik

22、e is not as important as what he or she grows up to be. (高一新 教材上 p.81) 一个人的长相并不重要,重要的是他或她长大后将成为什么样的人。Science has told us so much about the moon that it is fairly easy to imagine what it would be likeout there.科学已向我们提供了很多关于月球的情况,因此我们就很容易想象那儿的状况了。3. “的地方”。如:A modern city has been set up in was a waste

23、land ten years ago.A. what B. which C. that D. where (2004 年天津高考题)(答案A) 一座现代化城市已在十年前还是一片荒地的地方建起了。When Columbus first got to is now North America, he called the people he met there “Indians” .当哥伦布首次到达今天为北美的那个地方时,他把他在那儿所遇到的人称作“印第安 人”。Thus eight people were crowded into what was really no more than a s

24、ingle room. 于是八口人就 挤在实际只有一个房间的屋子里。4. “的时间”。如:After what seemed to be a long time, the soldier came back to life. 似乎过了很长时间之后,士兵 苏醒了过来。After what seemed a very long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed!彳以乎过了彳艮久之 后,我睁开双眼,结果发现自己还在床上。二、用作形容词,在从句中作定语。1 .后接名词,意为:(1) “什么;多少;多么"。如:I don '

25、t know what machine they are making.我不知道他们在制造什么机器。He did not realize what a mistake he had made.他没有意识到他犯了多么严重的错误。We agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from the date and time, n o matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. 我们刃 B天

26、晚 上约定,不论我们的情况怎样或我们得从多远的地方赶来,我们都会从那天起正好二十年之后在这儿再相见。(2)(所)的(事物或人)”。如:What education he had was picked up from time to time under the pressure of necessity. 他所受的 教育都是迫于需要,一点一点地得来的。I will give them what help I can.我将尽我能力帮助他们。What family and friends I still have live abroad.我现在所有的家人和朋友都住在国外。2 .后接little,

27、few ,意为“全部的尽管不多;仅有的那么一点;小的;不重要的” 。如: The home improvements have taken what little there is my spare time.A. from B. in C. of D. at (2001 年全国高考题)(答案C)住宅的装修花去了我仅有的那么一点业余时间的全部。His mind and mine, what little I had, seemed to run together, move in the same channel. 他的心和 我的小小的心似乎是连在一起的,总是往一处想。What引导的名词性从句

28、what引导的名词性从句在中学教材中出现频率极高,也是高考的重要考点之一,所以由其引导名词性从句的用法应引起我们足够的重视。本文将从以下几个方面来谈谈如何掌握好这一重要语法:要掌握好what 在句子中的语义。1 .表示“的人",相当于 the person that 。如:He is not what he was a few years ago.他不是几年前的他了。Who is it that has made Fred what he is now?是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这样一个人的?2 .表示“的地方”,相当于 the place that 。如:This is what th

29、ey call Salt Lake City.这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。3 .表示"的数目",相当于 the amount/number that。如:Our income is now double what is was ten years ago.我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍。The number of the students in our school has reached as many as

30、 20,000, ten times what it was before liberation.现在我校学生多达2 万人,是解放前的十倍。4 . what 的这种特殊含义可以根据句子的意思在翻译时灵活处理,不可千篇一律。例如:The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning.那朵花的颜色与早晨的不同。(what=the color that )二 . 要掌握好what 引导名词性从句的类型。1. 宾语从句(用作动词或介词的宾词)。例如:please remember the golden rule求职面试时,请记住这条黄金定律:永When you answer questions in a job interview Always give the monkey exactly what he wants. 远给予对方确实想要的东西。2. 主语从句。例如:What he said at the meeting

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论