名词性从句学案

1、名词性从句复习学案班级组别 姓名【自主学习，明确目标】1. 教学目标：1 ）了解名词性从句的定义、种类，及其位置。2）掌握名词性从句的语序，引导词的选择及其技巧。2. 教学重点：熟记that, whether, if, what, which等引导词的特殊用法。3. 易混淆点：1） whether, if 的区别； 2 ） that, what 的区别；3） what, which 的区别 4）主语从句中的主谓一致问题。【自主学习，问题生成】一、感受名词性从句：猜猜下列谚语的汉语意思，并判断各句中的名词性从句分别是什么从句。1. What's lost is lost.（ 句意：从句）

2、2. It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.（句意：从句）3. Don' t put off till tomorrow what should be done today .（句意：从句）4. Childre n arewhat the mothers are .（ 句意：从句）5. Wehold this truth that all menare created equal.（句意：从句）二、基础知识回顾：1. 名词性从句的定义、句法功能和分类由连接词引导,在复合句中起 词作用的从句叫 名词性从句（Noun

3、Clauses）。名词性从句在复合句中的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任 语、语、语和 语等，因此根据它在句中不同的句法功能，名词性从句又可分别分为从句、从句、从句，和从句。2. 引导名词性从句的连接词，及其在句中的作用。名词性从句的引导词在从句中的作用连词that（无意义）,whether/ if （是否）不充当句子成分，只起连接作用连接代词what, who, whom（ 宾格）, which, whose, whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever主语，宾语，表语，whose只作定语连接副词whe n, where, why, how, because

4、 whe never, wherever, however状语3.解题方法：1）.找出主句的谓语，确定是什么从句。2）.分析从句的句子成分，缺什么，补什么；不缺句子成分，不缺意思，就选;不缺句子成分，只缺"是否”，就选或if ;缺主语/宾语/表语，就补连接词，选what, who, whom,which等；缺状语，就补连接 词，选 when, where, why, how 等。3）.确定词性后，再根据句子的意思选择适当的引导词。我的问题：（你在预习中有哪些未能解决的问题和有疑问的地方写在下面做个备忘吧！等待课堂上与老 师和同学他就讨论解决。）【合作探究，解决问题】探究一：观察句子，

5、找出主句谓语，划出从句，判断从句类型。1. Whoever comes is welcome. （ 从句）2. It isreportedthat three people were killedin the trafficaccide ntyesterday.(从句）3. The question is whether the film is worth seeing. （ 从句）4.1 wondered why you were so angry. （ 从句）5. It all depe nds on how we solve the problem. （ 从句）6. I think it

6、 n ecessary that we should do our homework. （ 从句）7. I have no idea which one I should choose. （ 从句）小结一：从句在复合句中作主语。 从句一般位于主句 词或介词之后（如例1），为避免主语冗长，句子头重脚轻，经常用 作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末（如例2）。2. 在复合句中作宾语的从句叫作 从句。它常位于 词或介词之后（如例4, 5）。当宾语后面还有宾补时，常用 作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的宾语从句放到 （如例7）3. 在复合句中用作表语的从句叫作 从句。它一般位于 动词之后。（如例3）。4. 同位

7、语从句一般位于 fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, information, doubt,hope, opinion,plan, suggestion等抽象词之后，进一步解释和说明前面名词的具体内容或含义。（如例8）探究二：名词性从句的语序问题：选择最佳答案。1. No one can be surein a millio n years.A. what will man look likeB. what man will look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will

8、man like2. You can' t imaginewhen they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited小结二：名词性从句在句中要用 语序,（即连接词+主语+谓语），从句的引导词必须始终置于从句的句首。探究三：主谓一致问题：（用括号中的词的适当形式填空。）1. When the meeti ng will begi n（have） not bee

9、 n decided yet.2. When and where the meeti ng will begi n（have） not bee n decided yet.3. When they will start and where they will go（be） still unknown.4. What we n eed（be） more time.5. What we n eed（be） more dicti on aries.小结三：1.单个的主语从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词一般用 数形式。（如例1）2. 由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用 数形式。（如例2）3.

10、如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用 数形式。（如例3）4. 由what引导从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词的数一般与后面的 语的数保持一致。（如例4、5）探究四：连接词的选用：（一）whether 和 if 的选用 （ 用 A. whether/if B. whether C. if 1. I asked hershe had a bike.2.3.he will come is not clear.填空）It is doubtfulhe will come here.he' ll come.5. I haven ' t decidedto go there.4.

11、The questi on is6. It all depe nds onthey willsupport us.7. I don ' t knowwill be put off.小结：1.用whether， if均可的情况：（1）引导词后的宾语从句（如例1）；or not he is well.8. I have no ideathe meeti ng（2）当it作形式主语，主语从句在时（如例2）2. 下列情况下只能用 whether,不能用if引导名词性从句：（1）引导 引导_从句并在句首时（如例3）、引导从句（如例4）、同位语从句（如例.词后的宾语从句（如例6） ; （3）从句后

12、紧跟着 时（如例7）; （4）后接不定式时（选择 A. that B. what 填空）2. I have no doubtyou will succeed.4. He is no Ion gerhe used to be.一任何成分，只起连接作用，即当从句是完整的也不缺任何意义时,例5）。（二）that 和what的选用1. he wants is en courageme nt.3. This iswe want to know.小结：1. That在名词性从句中 就选。2. 除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的即当从句中缺主语、宾语或表语时，人/地方/样子”等。（三）wh

13、ich 与what的选用（1. The In dia ns used to live in就选语、语、或（如例1, 3, 4）。what的含义是："什么”、"所选用which或what填空） _ is now part of the USA.2. There are many kinds of bikes in the shop. I don't know3. I want to buy somethi ng for my mother as a gift, but I don4. It is still unknownteam will win the match

14、.to choose.'t kn owto buy.8）；（如语, 的解题点拨： 表示泛指的事物，常译为”什么”或"所的事物”;which表示范围内的"哪一个（些）”。（四）that, because, why 的选用（选用 A. that B. because C. why填空）1. He failed the exam. That ' she did n' t study hard eno ugh.2. Tom is ill. That washe was abse nt from school this morning.3. The reas

15、on why he was late washe missed the train by one minu te.解题点拨：1. That' s because.那是因为（强调原因）；That' s why.那是的缘故（强调结果）。2. 在表语从句中，当reason做主语时，引导词只能用,不能用because （如例3）。探究五：连词that（一）that 的省略 （选择 A. that B. （that）填空）1. The result iswe won the game.2. I think it will clear up this after noon andthey

16、will come to say goodbyeto us.3. This is a very good compositi on exceptthere are a few spelli ng mistakes.4.1 think it n ecessaryyou should read En glish aloud every day.解题点拨：1. That引导主语从句、 从句和同位语从句时不能省略（如例1）。2. that弓I导从句时，常可省略，但在下列三种情况下不能省略：当that引导的从句作词的宾语时（如例3）;当有作形式宾语，而that引导的宾语从句放于句末时（如例4）; 当有两

17、个或多个并列宾语从句时，引导第一个从句的that可省略，其余的不可省略（如例2）。（二）介词后的that宾语从句（选用A. it that B. that填空）1. He is a good stude nt excepthe is a little bit careless.2. You may depe nd onwe shall n ever lose heart.解题点拨：that从句一般不作 词的宾语，偶尔可作 except, but, in等的宾语（如例1）;【问题拓展，能力提升】读下面一篇作文，划出文中的名词性从句，并说明是什么从句（主语、宾语、表语从句）。My n ame is

18、 Li Qing. What I like most are sports and En glish. I like making friends andI am ready to help others .In my opin io n, success in life depe nds mai nly on whether one canget along well with others. I' m sure that I can be your good friend. It is known that a manwho has a settled purpose （明确的目标

19、 ）will surely succeed. My hope is that I can be admitted to a key university I ' m dreaming of. However, it is a fact that I don' t do very well in study. All in all, I will make more efforts to make my dream come true.第二课时1. 教学目标：1）学习名词性从句的时态运用；2）学习名词性从句中的虚拟语气；3）学习同位语从句。2. 教学重难点：1）同位语从句及其引导

20、词的选用；2）疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句3. 易混淆点：1）同位语从句的引导词whether与that的区别；2）同位语从句与定语从句的区别。探究一：易错易混淆点：（一）it作形式宾语（选择最佳答案）1. We all findimporta nt that we （should） make a quick decisi on.A. that B. it C. this D. which2. I hatewhen they talk with their mouths full of food.A. it B. that C. these D. them3. I ' d appr

21、eciateif you can come to help me.A. that B. it C. this D. you解题点拨：1.若主句谓语动词是，feel , consider, make, believe等，常用作形式宾语，而将宾语从句置于宾补后（如例1）2.有些动词接从句作宾语时要用作形式宾语，这类动词主要有take , love , like, see to, depend on, count on等（如例2、3）。（二）名词性从句中的虚拟语气（选择最佳答案）1. It is required that the workfini shed before dark.A. will

22、be B. would be C. should be D. must be2. It is stra nge that heyou this.A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told3. My suggesti on is that weout early.A. will start B. would start C. start out D. started4. We suggested that the meeti ng.A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. pu

23、tti ng off5. The smile on his face suggested that hesatisfied with our work.A. was B. is C. be D. has bee n6. The boy insisted that henothing wrong and insistedthat hepunished.A. should do; not punish B. did; not punishC. had done; not be puni shed D. do; should not be puni shed小结一：1.在 “ It is + 形容词

24、（necessary/ natural/ strange/advisable/）+ that .” 句型中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即 （如例2）。2. 表示建议、要求、命令，坚持要求/主张等动词如： 、advise、propose、dema nd 、advice、request、comma nd order等后的宾语从句、表语从句谓语动词要用 表示虚拟（如例 1、4、6）。注意：suggest当表示"暗示、表明”，insist表示"坚持认为”时，从句不用虚拟语气，而按需要来选择时态（如例5、6）。3. 在suggestion, proposal, plan, order,

25、advice等表示"建议、计划、命令、劝告”的名词后的同位语从句、 从句中要用 语气，即 （如例3）。（三）wh-ever 与no matter wh-的用法区别1. Sarah hopes to become a friend ofshares her in terests.A. anyoneB. whomeverC. whoeverD. no matter who2. He would believeyou said.A. anything what B. whatever C. no matter what D. what ever3. I said, he wouldn &#

26、39; t listen to me.A. Whatever B. No matter what C. Whatever/No matter what D. An yth ing what解题点拨：wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句（如例1、2）；而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句（如例3）。探究二：同位语从句（一） 同位语从句中引导词的选用（用适当的连词完成句子）1. I have no ideahe has gone. 2. I have no ideahe did it.3. I have no ideahe did.解题点拨：在have no idea

27、 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。4. A say ing goespractice makes perfect.熟能生巧是一句谚语。5. Word（ 消息）camethe mayor（市长）will visit our school next week.解题点拨：同位语从句的引导词有时与它所解释说明的名词被其他成分隔开，构成分隔式同位语 从句。（二）选用whether或that填空6. There is no doubthe will keep his promise.7. We have some doubtthey can complete the task on time.8. I do

28、n ' t doubtyou will succeed.9. I doubthe will come toni ght.解题点拨：doubt（怀疑）即可作动词，也可作名词，用于肯定句时，其后的宾语从句和同位语从句 常用 引导（如例7、9） ； doubt用于否定句时（不怀疑），其后的宾语从句和同位语从句常用引导从句（如例6、8）。在同位语从句中表示“是否”时，只能用 ,不能用if。（ 三）选用 A. that B. which C. that/which填空10. The news（which/ that） our team has won the match is true. （ 从

29、句）11. Thenews （which/ that） he told me just now is true . （从句）连词“that ”引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别：引导从句that在从句中 的作用有无意义可否省略可否用which代替从句的作用同位语从句连接词成分，只起连接作用，不省略不可代替说明前面名词 的具体内容定语从句关系代词、表语，起连接作用，有意义作语时可省略指时常可用which代替或限制先行词【问题拓展，能力提升】一、单项填空1. It is gen erally con sidered un wise to give a childhe or she wan ts.A.

30、howeverB. whatever C. whichever D. whe never2. It is none of your businessother people think about you. Believe yourself. （2007福建）A. how B. what C. whichD. whe n3. He didn ' t makeclear when and where the meeting would be held. （2007天津）A. this B. thatC. it D. these4. I ' d appreciateif you w

31、ould like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. it C. this D. you5. sh e couldn ' t understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in herless on s.（2000 全国卷）A. that; whatB. what; whyC. what; becauseD. why; that6. Word cameNapoleon（拿破仑）himself was coming to inspect them.A. which

32、 B. whe n C. what D. that7. It suddenly occurred to himhe had left his keys in the office. （2012年江西卷）A. whether B. where C. which D. that8. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knewshe wasso angry. （2010 湖南卷） A. where B. whether C. that D. why9. I prefer shutt ing myself