最新初中过去完成时讲解练习及答案

1、过去完成时一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即 过去的过去 ( past-in-the-past )-|I1>那时以前那时现在构成：主语+had+过去分词(p.p),其中had通用于各种人称.They had already had breakfastbefore they arrived at the hotel.Shehad finished writing the composition by 10 : 00 this morning.肯定句：主语+had+过去分词.否认何：主语+had+not+过去分词.一般疑问句:

2、Had+主语+过去分词肯定答复：Yes,主语+had否认答复：No,主语+hadn't特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(Had+主语+过去分词)被动语态：主语+had (hadn't)+been+过去分词二、过去完成时的判断依据1.由时间状语来判定一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语.与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：(1 ) by +过去的时间点.如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.(2 ) by the end of +过去的时间点.如： We had learned ov

3、er two thousand English words by the end of last term.(3 ) before +过去的时间点.如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2.由过去的过去来判定.过去完成时表示过去的过去,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的 动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时.这 种用法常出现在：(1 )宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时.且从句的动作先于主句的动作时.从句要用过去完成时.在told, said, knew, heard, tho

4、ugh侍动词后的宾语从句.如：She said that she had seen the film before.(2 )状语从句中在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,丰、从旬的动作发牛有先后关系： 动作在前的：要用过去.成时：动作在后的要用一般过去时.如：When I got to the station, the train had already left.After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.注意：before, after引导的时间状语从句中,由于 before和after本身已 表达了动作的先后关系,假设 主、从句

5、表示的动作紧密相连,那么主、从句都用一般 过去时.如：Where did you study before you came here?After he closed the door, he left the classroom.3 表示意向的动词, 如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose 等,用过去完成时表示“原本一,未能We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.3.根据上、下文来判定.I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday.

6、We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.三、过去完成时的主要用法1 .过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束,即发生在过去的过去.如：When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒来时,雨已经停了.主句的动作发生在 过去的过去2 .过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是过去的过去,只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它.如：He told me that he had written a new book. had written发生在 told 之前 3

7、.过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用,它不能离开过去时间而独立存在.此时多与 already , yet , still , just , before , never 等 时间副词及by , before , until等引导的短语或从句连用.如：Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.4 .过去完成时

8、表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始,一直延续到这 一过去时间,而且动作尚未结束,仍然有继续下去的可能.如： By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.had worked已有了 20年,还有继续进行下去的可能5 .过去完成时还可用在 hardly when,no sooner than冈卜 就,It was the first second, etc time that 等固定句型 中.e.g： Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience

9、interrupted him.他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他.No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了.It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是他那一年第三次失业了四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为 助动词have has +过去分词；过去完成时那么是 一个相对的时态,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调 过去的过去,只有 和过去某时或某动作相比较时,

10、才用到它.试比较：I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了 1000个英语单词.I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那时为止我已经学会了 1000个英语单词.一I'm sorry to keep you waiting.对不起,让你久等了. Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.没什么,我只等了几分钟.等的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在John returned home yesterday 约翰昨大回至

11、U家的.Where had he been?他去哪儿了 答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在returned home之前去了哪些地方,即 过去的过去练习一.单项选择1. He asked me during the summer holidays.A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone2. What Jane by the time he was sever?A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3. I 900 Engl

12、ish words by the time I was tenA. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt4. She lived here for years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cook

13、ed6. She said she the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen7. She said her family themselves the army during the war.A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with8. By the time he was ten years old, he.1. has completed universityB. has complete

14、d the university8. had completed an universityD. had completed university9. She had written a number of books the end of last year.A. forB. inC. byD. at10. He to play before he was 11 years old.A had learned, pianoB. had learned, the pianoC. has learned, the pianoD. learns ,piano.11. What Annie by t

15、he time he was ten?A. did, doB. did, did C. has, doneD. had done12. .He _ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work 13. By the end of last week, they the bridge.A. has completed B. Completed C. will complete D. had completed14 . Ben ha

16、tes playing violin, but he likes playing football.A. a theB. the the C. / theD. the /15 . By the time he was 4, he a lot of German words.A. had learned B. has learned C. learnedD. learns16 .Jim turned off the lights and then the classroom.A. was leftB. had left C. has leftD. left17 .They in Guangzho

17、u since 2000.A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. were living 18. The train from Beijing ten minutes ago.A. has arrived B. was arriving C. arrived D. had arrived19. The students their classroom when the visitors arrived. A . havecleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned20. Fergie

18、the project in one hour.A. have finished B. will finish C. finishes D. has finished21. The man his coat and went out.A. put on B. had put on C. will put on D. was putting on二.用动词的适当形式填空1. We(paint) the house before we(move) in.2. That rich old man(make) a will before he(die).3. They(study) the map o

19、f the country before the(leave).4. The robbers(run away ) before the policemen(arrive).5. I(turn off) all the lights before I(go) to bed.6. Paul(go) out with Jane after he(make) a phone call.7. Tom(say) he(read) the book twice.8. Our plan(fail ) because we(make) a bad mistake.9. When the chairman(fi

20、nish) speaking, he(leave)the hall.10. The Reads _ _ (have) lunch when I(get) to their house.11. When I(arrive) at the station, he(leave).12. We(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.13. I waited until he(finish) his homework.14. We were surprised at what she already(do)15. She(not go) to Qingdao because she(be) there before.三.句型转换1. I had sold the ticket when she came.改否认旬2.She had sung a song to us before she dance畋否认旬3.They began to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink &否 定4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry.改一般疑问