完整版状语从句用法总结完整

1、状语从句什么是状语状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子.1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call.2. We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset.3. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day 4. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted.5. I know how to light a camp fir

2、e because I had done it before.状语的位置比较灵活,可以位于句首、句末或句中.什么是状语从句状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子.它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子.状语从句一般由连词 附属连词引导,也可以由词组引起.根据其作用状语从句可分为：1 .时间状语从句2 .地点状语从句3 .原因状语从句4 .条件状语从句5 .目的状语从句6 .让步状语从句7 .比较状语从句8 .方式状语从句9 .结果状语从句状语从句的时态特点一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用"般现在时表示 乙般将来时,用现在完成时表示将来完成时I will c

3、all you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.If he comes back, please let me know.1 .时间状语从句常用弓I导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until特殊弓I导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day , the instant, immediately ,

4、directly, no sooner than, hardly - when, scarcely whenI didn ' trealize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard果园,the moment they saw the guardNo sooner had I arrived home, then it began to rain.Eve

5、ry time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.表示匕就除 as soon as外,还有三类：名词型the moment, the minute, the second, the instant ;副词型immediately, directly, instantly ;句式型no sooner - than , hardly/scarcely - when -The moment I saw him, I fell in love with him.I came immediately you called.你一给我打 ,我就马上来.I

6、 had no sooner got home than it began to rain.我至U家, 就开始下雨.【注意】如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首,句子必须用倒装结构. Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.在时间状语从句中,不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时,而要用相应的一般现 在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替.When, while, as边.边., after, befor

7、e, as soon as, since, till /until, by the time至ij.为止,所在句子的主句应用完成时Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. when, while和as的区别when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词.并且when有

8、时表示就在那时“, when = and then; at that moment.When she came in, I stopped eating.When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.We were about to leave when he came in.While引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生或者相对应.并且 while有时还可以表示比照.While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watchin

9、g TV.I like playing football while you like playing basketball.As表示 忆边一边“,as引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调先一后.We always sing as we walk.As we was going out, it began to snow. before和after引导的时间状语从句before的本意为 在之前,根据具体语境还可理解为还没来得及/还没有就,趁着还没就,不知不觉就 ,才等.After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后.It will be four days bef

10、ore they come back.Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.They had not been married four months before they were divorced.After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.After we had finished the work, we went home.ti

11、ll或until引导的时间状语从句till和until 一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until.如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否认形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否认形式都可以,但表达的意思不同.I didn't go to bed until (till ) my father came back.It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止.I didn't

12、work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作.由since引导的时间状语从句.since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词.一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时.但在It is +时间+ since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时.I have been in Beijing since you left.Where have you been since I last saw you?It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了.It

13、is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了.2 .地点状语从句常用引 导词： where特殊弓 I 导词： wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.句型1： Where +地点从句,(there) 十主句.Where there is no rain, farming is difficult o

14、r impossible.They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.句型 2： Anywhere/ wherever +地点从句,十主句.Wherever the sea is, you will find seamen.3 .原因状语从句常用弓 I导词：

15、 because, since, as, for特殊引导词：seeing that由于,鉴于,now that既然,in that, considering that考虑至U, given that考虑至U .My friends dislike me because I ' mhandsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let ' segin our conference.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m i

16、s quite remarkable.Seeing that you ' reilready at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside.Considering he' aonly sixteen year old, he is not fit for the job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. because, since, as, for 辨析1 because语势最强,用

17、来说明人所不知的原因,答复 why提出的问题.当原因是显而 易见的或已为人们所知,就用 as或since.I didn ' tgo, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,那么可以用for来代替.但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for.He is absent today, becaus e / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is abse

18、nt today.3 as和for的区别：通常情况下,as引导的从句在主句前,for引导的从句在主句后.As the weather is cold, I stay at home.同义句I stay at home, for the weather is cold.4 .目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, inorder that特殊弓 I导词：lest, in case, for fearthat,inthe hopethat, forthe purpose that,to the end thatTheboss askedthe secretaryto hurry up with

19、the letterssothathecouldsignthem.Theteacher raised his voiceon purposethatthestudentsinthe backcouldhearmore clearly.5 .结果状语从句常用引导词：sothat, suchthat,特殊弓 I导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that,to such a degree that,such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词.He got up so early that he caught t

20、he first bus.It ' s, uch a good chance that we must not miss it.To such a degree was he excited that he couldn ' t sleep last night.6 .条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless,特殊弓 I导词： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in ca se that, on condition thatWe' ll start our project

21、 if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样,从句的谓语动词不能用一般将来时态、过去将来时态或将来完成时,而要用相应的一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时来替代.Tell me in case you get into difficulty.Supposing he does not come, shall we

22、 go without him?7 .让步状语从句常用弓I导词： though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词：as用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装,while 一般用在句首 ,nomatter , in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can' t agree to his proposal.The old man always enjoys swimmi

23、ng even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind. as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注意：a.句首名

24、词不能带任何冠词.b.句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后.如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实 义动词一起放在主语之前.Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.=Though he tries hard, he never seems - no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whicheverno matter howhowever注意：no m

25、atter不能引导主语从句和宾语从句.错 No matter what you say is of no use now.对 Whatever you say is of no use now. 错 Prisoners have to eat no matter what they' regiven, 对Prisoners have to eat whatever they' regiven.8 .比较状语从句常用引导词：as同级比较,than不同程度的比较特殊引导词： the more the more ;just as ,so；A is to B what /asX is

26、to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.no more than只不过嫌少的意思 not more than 不如.前者不如后者 I have no more than two pens.It ' so more than a mile to the shops.Jack is not more dilig

27、ent than John. one of the +名词复数之一用于最高级Han Mei is one of the best students in our school.9 .方式状语从句常用引导词： as, just asso,as if/though"正如","就像" 特殊引导词： the way When in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have

28、 taught us. as if, as though两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大.汉译常作"仿佛似的","好似似的" They completely ignore these facts as if as though they never existed. He looks as if as though he had been hit by lighting.状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备以下两个条件： 主句和从句的主语一致,或从句主语为 it；从句主

29、要动词是be的某种形式.从句中的主语和be动词常可省略.When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public ne xt year .He' ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible. 另外,比较状语从句经常省略.I ' mtaller than he (is tall ).The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).状语从句的&q

30、uot;省略"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中：由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句 ；由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句；由 when, while, as, before, after, until / till 等引导的时间状语从句；由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句；由as, than等引导的比较状语从句.下面针对这五种情形作归纳.(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉.If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉.常用于以下几种情形：a.连词+形容词As (he was) young, he l