完整版专四语法易错题整理讲解

1、1. A lot of traffic accidents from carelessness.A) arouseB) ariseC) raiseD) rise【答案】B【译文】许多的交通事故是由疏忽大意引起的.【试题分析】词语辨析题,要求测试掌握几个形似,意似的词语的差异.【详细解答】arouse 指唤起,引起；arise(from)指发生,起因于；raise是及物动词指提升,饲养；rise是不及物动词,指升起.2. The teacher me for disobedience.A) called .down B) called.upon C) called.off D) called.o

2、ut【答案】A【译文】因我不听话,老师训斥了我【试题分析】短语辨义题,要求考生掌握几个跟call组成短语的意思.【详细解答】call down 指挑剔、找麻烦,斥责；call upon指命令；要求；call off指取消；call out指召集使集中；召唤.3. He criticized everything and everybody, and even his teachers.A) ran overB) ran down C) ran againstD) ran into【答案】B【译文】他批评所有的事,所有的人,甚至还诋毁自己的老师.【试题分析】短语辨析题.【详细解答】run.ove

3、r指撞到,碾过；run.down 指批评,贬低；run.against 指违反,偶遇；o指进入,偶遇.4. In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and asked to report what they.A) had been dreaming B) have been dreaming C) are dreaming D) had dreamt【答案】B【译文】在实验期间,他们被叫醒几次,报告他们刚刚梦到了什么.【试题分析】语法题,要求考生掌握现在完成进行时的用法.【详细解答】

4、此句要求用现在完成进行时,表示一直进行到现在的动作.5. Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help friendly relations between our two universities.A) foster B) utilize C) cherish D) raisea)【答案】A【译文】经常的文化交流肯定有助于开展我们两校之间的友好关系.【试题分析】词语辨析题,要求考生掌握几个动词的意思和运用.【详细解答】foster指培养,助长；utilize指运用,利用；cherish 指珍爱,怀 抱(希望)；raise指提升,饲养.6. I&

5、#39;m afraid I will have to her invitation to the party.A) refuse B) refute C) ignore D) declinea)【答案】Db)【译文】我恐怕不得不谢绝她的晚会邀请.【试题分析】词语辨析题.【详细解答】decline 意为婉谢,谢绝,指对别人的邀请、帮助等比较委婉地回 绝.refuse 意为 拒 绝,指对别人的要求、请求等比较直率的,有时比较不客气的拒绝.refute 意为驳斥,反驳.ignore 意为 无视,忽略,不7. He can ' t start the car because the batt

6、ery has.A) run upB) run down C) run overD) run off【答案】B【译文】由于电池耗尽了,他的汽车发动不了.【试题分析】动词短语辨析题.【详细解答】run down 意为“(动力等)耗尽；(身体)衰弱,疲乏；(钟表)停了, (使)失灵.run up 意为 升起(旗帜)；欠下(钱财)".run over意为 撞倒,辗过. run off意为撵走,吓跑.8. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge our

7、thinking.A) upon which to baseB) which to base upon C) which to be based onD) to base on which【答案】A【译文】如果没有事实依据,我们就不能形成正确的主张,由于我们要把想法建立 在事实的根底上.【试题分析】介词+关系代词+不定式作后置定语.【详细解答】此句需要一个后置定语来修饰factual knowledge,根据句意应是baseour thinking (upon) on factual knowledge,因此应使用 介词+关系代词+不定式的结构作后置定语.9. I'd rather y

8、ou so rudely to her .A) don ' t speak B) won ' t speak C) should not speakD) didn ' t speak【答案】D【译文】我宁愿你不对她这么无礼.【试题分析】would rather后宾语从句的虚拟语气.【详细解答】would rather表示愿望,后接的宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气.表示与现在事实相反的愿望时,用过去时；表示与过去事实相反的愿望时,用过去完成时.10. Today many kinds of electrical are available, which has made h

9、ousework much easier than before.A) facilities B) appliances C) instrumentsD) equipment【答案】B【译文】如今可供使用的电器很多,这使得做家务事比以前容易多了.【试题分析】词语辨析题.【详细解答】appliance 意为 器具,器械",electrical appliance 意为 电器. facility 意为设备,设施“.instrument 意为仪器,尤指用于精致工作的工具或仪 器.equipment 意为设备,装备.11. I' m afraid I can ' t you;

10、 you' ll have to go to a hotel.A) put .up B) pick . up C) pull . upD) wake . up【答案】A【译文】恐怕我不能给你提供住处,你得去住旅馆.【试题分析】动词短语辨析题.【详细解答】put . up 意为 留住宿；举起；搭建“.pick . up 意为 拾起, 拿起；学会,学到".pull . up 意为 使(车子)停下".wake . up 意为 叫醒.12. We must try our best to lower the cost of our products. Otherwise t

11、he highcost will our profit.A) cut offB) cut in C) cut shortD) cut into【答案】D【译文】我们必须全力降低产品的本钱,否那么高本钱将使利润大打折扣.【试题分析】动词短语辨析题.【详细解答】cut into意为 减少,降低；插嘴,打断 ".cut off意为 切断；隔绝, 挡住；切下来.cut in意为插嘴,夹塞".cut short意为打断(谈话),中断(活 动).13. American women were the right to vote until 1920 after many years o

12、fhard struggle.A) ignoredB) neglectedC) deniedD) refused【答案】C【译文】美国妇女很长时间都未被赋予选举的权利,经过多年的斗争,直到1920年她们才争取到了这一权利.【试题分析】同义词语辨析题.【详细解答】deny sb. sth. 表示拒绝给予 ignore 意为无视,忽略,不理睬".neglect 意为 疏忽,无视".refuse 意为 拒绝.14. The factory has several workers because of the drop in sales.A) laid off B) laid ou

13、t C) laid asideD) laid down【答案】A【译文】由于销售量下降,这家工厂已经解雇了一些工人.【试题分析】动词短语辨析题.【详细解答】lay off意为 解雇“.lay out 意为 设计,布局；花费,使用“.lay aside 意为“放在一边".lay down 意为 放下；规定,说明.15. so few people in the street was unusual.A) For there to beB) As there to be C) For there beingD) As therebeing .【答案】A【译文】街上人这么少,真奇怪.【试题

14、分析】句法结构【详细解答】there to be句型做主语时,通常用for做引导词.所以选择 A项.16. I' m the impression that you' ve told me about it.A) intoB) onC) ofD) under【答案】D【译文】我模糊记得你给我谈过此事.【试题分析】考查短语.【详细解答】to be under the impression that表示有模糊印象发生过什么事情.17. Many of the imported planes have been lying for years because of therestri

15、ctions on the foreign spare parts.A) idleB) vacantC) emptyD) hollow【答案】A【译文】由于对外国零件的限制,许多进口飞机已经闲置了数年.【试题分析】近义词辨析.【详细解答】idle空闲的,无用的,懒散的；vacant空缺的,未占用的；empty 空无一物的；hollow 中空的18. The rain came on time and would certainly ease the feat the people ofinland.A) to faceB) faceC) facingD) faces【答案】C【译文】这场雨下得

16、及时,它将缓解内陆地区的人们面临的高温.【试题分析】考查分词短语的用法【详细解答】 分词短语作定语,它的作用相当于定语从句.现在分词短语表示动作是由前 面的名词发出的,既可以表示进行中的动作,又可以表示习惯性动作.过去分词短语表示前面的名词是受动者.19. The new cars of the Volkswagon Company are now being at the rate of1,000 every week.A) turned outB) turned down C) turned upD) turned on【答案】A【译文】群众公司的新车正在以每周1 , 000辆的速度生产出

17、来.【试题分析】动词短语的辨析.【详细解答】turn out表示生产,制造；turn down 关小,调低,拒绝；turn up 出现,出席,被发现；turn on 翻开,开启.20. The meeting drew to a late in the afternoon.A) nearB) close C) pointD) tail【答案】B【译文】会议在下午结束.【试题分析】考查短语.【详细解答】 draw to a close表示快要结束 e to an end /a close 也可以表达同样的意思.21. If you don ' t put the food in the

18、refrigerator , it may go.A) offB) over C) wrongD) out【答案】A【译文】你要是不把食物放进冰箱,食物会坏的.【试题分析】词组搭配题.【详细解答】go off意为“(食品)变坏,(疼痛)消失,符合句意.go over sth., 浏览,检查,复习"；go out ,消灭,参加社会活动"；go wrong ,出错,(机器) 坏了,(事情)进展不顺利,均不符合句22. If this university such a good reputation, I would not have come here.A) didn 

19、9; t hav B) hadn ' t hadC) doesn ' t have D) hasn ' t had【答案】A【译文】如果这所大学没有一个好声誉,我也不会来了.【试题分析】语法分析题.【详细解答】这是错综时间条件句,是虚拟语气的一种.从句所陈述的条件是与现在事 实相反的一种假设,所以动词用一般过去时；而主句表示的动作与过去的事实相反,所以用 would have done. 的结构.23. The weather is highly at this time of the year and it is hard to knowwhat to wear .A

20、) variousB) variantC) variableD) varied【答案】C【译文】每年的这时候,天气特别多变,都不知道穿什么好.【试题分析】词语辨析题.【详细解答】various 意为各种各样的“；variant 意为不同的"；variable 意为多 变的,变化异常的"；varied意为 变化了的,色彩丰富的根据句子意思,应选 C.24. You can ' t see through a telescope unless it is_ correctly to your sight.A) adapted B) adoptedC) adjustedD

21、) accustomed【答案】C【译文】你没法用望远镜观察,除非你把它调好.【试题分析】句义理解和词语辨析题.【详细解答】adjust (to) 意为 调整；使适应,符合句意.adapt sth. to ,改写以适应,使适应(新用途)"；adopt ,采用,收养,通过(法案)"；accustomsb. to ,使某人习惯于：均不符合句意.25. His discovery counts nothing though he tried very hard.A) onB) forC) inD) up【答案】B【译文】他的发现毫无价值,尽管他非常努力.【试题分析】词组辨析题.【

22、详细解答】count for意为宥价值,有重要性",count for nothing 即为没有价 值符合句意.count on "指望,依靠"；count i n把 算进去"；count up "把 加 起来,均不符合句意.26. On cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with eye.A) nakedB) bareC) fleshD) pure【答案】A【译文】在多云的夜晚,不可能用肉眼观察到星星.【试题分析】词语搭配题.【详细解答】“naked eyes是固定搭配,即肉眼

23、.27. At the first of twelve everyone stopped for lunch.A) soundB) strokeC) momentD) minute【答案】B【译文】刚敲十二点,每个人都停下来去吃午饭.【试题分析】词语搭配题.【详细解答】钟的敲响声或鸣响用stroke.28. The map was drawn to the standard of 1/100,000 so there was notmuch detail.A) baseB) lineC) rateD) scale【答案】D【译文】地图是按1 : 100,000的标准比例绘制的,所以不是很详细.

24、【试题分析】词语辨析题.【详细解答】rate是一般意义上的比率,而实物与图表之间的比例是scale ,所以scale是正确答案.29. Her skirt had been so in packing that she had to iron it before goingout.A) crushedB) torn C) dirtyD) untidy【答案】A【译文】她的裙子在包里给压得很皱,出门前她只好把它熨一下.【试题分析】词语辨析题.【详细解答】衣服给压皱了是crushed , torn是弄破了,dirty是脏了,untidy 那么是不整洁,没有条理性,所以只有crushed 符合句意.

25、30. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two of paint on aclean surface.A. coatsB. levelsC. times D. coursesA) 【句意】为获得一个满意的结果,你必须在一个干净的外表上涂两层油漆.【难点】coat意为覆盖物,层"；level意为“建筑物)楼层"；times意为次,回“；courses 意为 "L层)砖面；一排 .31. The beach is in an ideal to draw tourists.A) conditionB. si

26、tuationC. stateD. publicityB) 【句意】这片海滩所处位置理想,吸引了很多游客.【难点】condition 意为状况；形势"situation意为位置,地点,环境"；state意为 状态,情形"publicity意为 公众的注意,名声.32. Our sensitivity decreases with age. By age 60, most people have lost 40 percent of their ability to smell and 50 percent of their taste buds.A. sensib

27、le B. senselessC. sensitiveD. sensorya) D)【句意】我们的感官水平随着年龄的增长而下降.比方说,到 60岁的时候,多数人失去了他们40%的嗅觉水平和50%的味觉水平.【难点】sensible 意为明智的,合情理的"；senseless意为失去知觉的,不省人事的"sensitive意为敏感的"；sensory意为感觉的,传递感觉的“.33. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, the atmosphere.A) as it is B. so isC. the same asD. a

28、nd so isB) 【句意】正像土壤是地球的一局部,大气层也是.【难点】 Just as., so.为一固定结构,意为芷如,也.34. If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may a gas.A. give intoB. give overC. give offD. give awayC) 【句意】如果一种物质溶解在水里或被加热,它可能释放出一种气体.【难点】 give into为非固定搭配；give over意为 托付,交托；give off意为 散发"；give away 意为 送掉,分发(奖品)等.35. Th

29、is organization brought Western artists together in the hope of making more of an impact on the art community any of them could individually and to promote Western art by women.A. rather thanB. ratherC. thanD. other thanC)【句意】该组织把西部艺术家聚集在一起,希望他们比任何个人都能更多地影响艺术界,并由妇女来促进西部艺术.【难点】选项C)的than与句中的more形成正确搭配

30、,意为 比都,故为答案.36. You should have your eyes tested every year in case the of yourspectacles need changing.A.lensesB. glasses C. sightsD. crystalsA【句意】你应该每年检查一次自己的眼睛,由于你的眼镜镜片也许需要更换.【难点】lenses意为 镜片"；glasses意为 眼镜；sights意为 视野；风景；crystals 意为水晶,晶体37. The school committee hoped that their choice of play

31、 would be with the students and their parents.A. recognized B. popularC. favorableD. fascinated“.recognized 意为被赏B【句意】校董会希望他们选择的那出剧会受到孩子和家长的欢迎.【难点】 popular意为讨人喜欢的；得人心的；受欢迎的识的；受表彰的".favorable 意为赢得赞许的；讨人喜欢的“,但后面不能接 with. fascinated 意为 被迷住的,被弄得神魂颠倒的.38.39.My father is so deaf that he has to use a h

32、earingA. helpB. aidC. supportB)【句意】我父亲耳聋得厉害,不得不使用助听器.【难点】aid意为 辅助器具"；help意为帮助"；support 具.On New Year ' s Eve, there will be a firework A. displayB. performance C. showA)【句意】新年除夕,人民广场将举行焰火表演.D. tool意为支持“；tool意为工at People ' s Square.D. exhibition文艺演出；表演“；showD. becomes【难点】display 意为展

33、示性表演"；performance 意为意为展览；展览会"；exhibition 也是展览会,属销售性质.40. It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work that into hard currency.A. translatesB. transfersC. transplantsD. transmitsA【句意】暑假期间,我们第一次尝到了把劳动变成货币的滋味.【难点】translate 意为 变换,把转化成"；transfer意为 移交,迁移；transplant

34、意为 移植器官"；transmit意为 传染疾病,传达知识.41. . Mr. Milton prefers to resign part in such dishonest business deals.A. than takeB. than to takeC. rather than takeD. rather than to takeC【句意】米尔先生宁愿辞职也不参加这种不老实的商业交易.【难点】prefer意为 宁愿,其后接名词或动词不定式； prefer to dosth. ratherthan do sth. 意为 宁愿而不愿",rather than后接不带t

35、o的不定式.42. No one wouldhave time to read or listen to an account of everythinggoing on in the world.A. it is B. as isC. there is D. what isC【句意】大家都没有时间去读或去听有关世界上正在发生的一切事件的描述.【难点】在以there be 为谓语动词的定语从句中,如关系代词作主语,那么关系代词便可省略.43. You should have put the milk into the icebox, I expect it undrinkable.A. bec

36、ameB. had become C. has becomeC【句意】你本该把牛奶放到冰里.我想现在这牛奶不能喝了.【难点】从句意分析,牛奶已经变质,不能喝了,属过去发生的动作对现在造成影响,再加上by now 是现在完成时的典型时间状语,应选 C44. She always put her medication on the top of the shelf lest the children it by mistake.A. tookB. should takeC. had taken D. would takeB【句意】她总是把自己的药放到搁架上以免孩子错拿.【难点】lest意为以免,后

37、接虚拟语气should+动词原形.45. Many automobile accidents were careless driving.A. attributed to B. resulted in C. contributed to D. raised fromA【句意】许多汽车交通事故都起因于莽撞驾车.【难点】 attribute to 意为 把归因于；contribute to 意为 宥助于,促成"；result in意为 导致,结果造成"；raise from不是固定搭配.46. It takes a lot of to put on a school play

38、such as King Lear.A. organization B. arrangement C. management D. preparationA【句意】上演?李尔王?这样一部校园剧需要大量的组织工作.【难点】 organization 意为组织行为"；arrangement 意为 安排； management 意为 经营,治理"；preparation 意为准备状态；准备工作.47. Tom has been a vegetarian principle for years.A. in B. on C. for D. byB【句意】多年来,汤姆一直是一个按原那么

39、行事的素食者.【难点】 on principle 意为 根据行为准那么；根据原那么 "；in principle 意为 原那么上;根本上；大体上“.for和by不与principle 搭配.48. the water left in the kettle, the doctor put several things he unwrapped from a handkerchief.A. At B. To C. Within D. IntoD【句意】那位医生翻开手帕里包着的几样东西,放入了壶内剩下的水里.【难点】为强调放入水中,把地点状语放到了句首.49. The of AIDS ha

40、s led to an expansion in research seeking a cure.A. innovation B. selection C. proliferation D. convictionC【句意】爱滋病的扩散使得人们做更多的研究工作去寻找治疗的方法.【难点】proliferation 意为 檄增；扩散"；innovation 意为 革新,创新"；selection 意为选择；选拔"conviction意为定罪,判罪.50. Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the e

41、xact momentA. which they are happeningB. they are happeningC. which they happenD. they have happenedB【句意】电视使我们能够在事情发生的那一瞬间就看到它们是如何发生的.【难点】moment 后接的是省略关系副词when的定语从句.B符合题意要求.51. As the train will not leave until one hour later, we grab a bite at thesnack bar .A. may wellB. just as wellC. might as wel

42、lD. as wellC【句意】既然火车一个小时以后才开,我们不妨到快餐店吃口东西.【难点】 might as well后接动词原形,意为 不妨,何不.52. It is with the customer not to let the shop assistants guess what shereally likes and wants until the last moment.A. in her honor B. on her honor C. a point of honor D. an honorC【句意】对于顾客来说,直到最后时刻才让售货员猜出她真正喜欢什么,真正想买什么,这是一

43、个涉及面子的问题.53.【难点】 a point of honor 意为 涉及名誉的事情；in one ' s honor意为 为某人的 荣誉"；on one' s honor意为 以名誉担保"；an honor 意为 荣耀的人或事.This house will probably come on the next month.A. fair B. marketC. shopD. store;fair意为 集市；庙会；交易会" ；shopB【句意】这座房子可能下月上市.【难点】 on the market 意为 上市,出售54.是商店“；store

44、An institutioncomprehensive education. A. settlement B【句意】合的机构.是储存；仓库that properlyand complexB. establishmentcarriesinstitutionthe namethan anyC. constructionuniversityotheris a morekind of higherD. structure能称得上大学称号的机构是一个比其他种类高等教育机构都更复杂更综【难点】establishment 意为 企业,设施公司,学校,医院,教会等"；settlement 意为定居点

45、；殖民地；construction 意为建造；建筑物"；structure 是结构,构 造.55. . he's already heard the news.A. Chances areB. Chance isC. Opportunities areD. Opportunity isB56. , a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being eq

46、ualB. Were other things equalC. To be equal to other thingsD. Other things to be equalA57. A good many houses knocked down by the earthquake.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are B58. All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully the risks and benefits.A. weighingB. valuing

47、C. evaluatingD. distinguishingA59. Columbus' decision to sail west to reach the East on his belief that theearth was round.A. existedB. satC. relaxedD. rested D60. I like to go to the cinema when I am in the for it.A. more than to goB. than goingC. rather than to goD. more than goingD61. I'm

48、 sorry, but what he thinks is not of the important to me.A. worthyB. valuableC. valuelessD. priceless B 62. While being questioned on the court, the man denied the old lady' snecklace.A. having taken B. takingC. to have taken D. to takeA【句意】法庭传训他的时候,他否认拿了老太太的项链.【难点】deny后需接动名词,由于动作是过去发生的,所以选A,动名词

49、的完成式.63. It was dark in the cave so she a match.A. struck B. hit C. fired D. burnedA【句意】岩洞里很黑,她燃着了一根火柴.【难点】 strike 意为擦火柴,其它几个词不能和matches 搭配.64. Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is with acold.A. laid out B. laid up C. laid by D. laid downB【句意】玛丽不能来参加生日晚会了,由于她患了感冒,卧床在家.【难点】la

50、y up 意为因痛或伤残卧床,常用被动语态；lay out意为摆出, 展开“；lay by意为储存"；lay down意为 牺牲,献出“.65. Classificationis a useful tothe organization of knowledge in anyfield.A. means B. approach C. mode D. mannerB【句意】分类是组织任何领域知识内容的有效方式.【难点】 approach 作方式,方法；态度讲时,后接介词to ,其它几个词没有这种 用法.66. The human race has already paid a heavy

51、 price for its slow to environmental threats.A. responseB. responsibilityC. resolutionD. resistanceA【句意】人类已为他们对环境威胁作出的缓慢反响付出了重大代价.【难点】 response 意为 反响后接介词 to;responsibility 意为 责任“；resolution 意为 决心,决定 “；resistance 意为 对抗“.67. My grandfather accidentally fire to the house.A.putB. took C.set D. gotC【句意】我

52、爷爷不小心放火烧着了房子.【难点】 词组set fire to 意为 点燃,使燃烧.68. If you want children to work hard you musttheir interests instead oftheir sense of duty.A. appeal to B. look into C. give rise to D. go in forA【句意】如果你要孩子们努力学习,你必须唤起他们的兴趣而不是责任感.【难点】appeal to 意为 宥感染力,有吸引力；100k into 意为 调查,观察；give rise to意为 用起,导致"；go in

53、 for 意为 爱好；从事,参与.69. Basically a robot is a machine which moves, manipulates, joins or processes in the same way as human hand or arm.A. charactersB. componentsC.cataloguesD. collectionsB【句意】机器人根本上是一台机器,它像人的手臂一样移动、操纵、结合或加工零件.【难点】component 意为 零件；成分“；character 意为 特性；人格"；catalogue 意为 目录"；coll

54、ection 意为 收集“.70. The man sitting opposite me smiled dreamily, as if something pleasant in the past.A. to rememberB. rememberedC. having been rememberedD. rememberingA【句意】坐在我对面的那个人梦幻般地笑着,好似回想起过去发生的某件快乐的事.【难点】"as if +不定式是一个常见的结构,意为 好似.71. and wage increases have not kept in step.A. Production B.

55、 Product C. Produce D. ProductivityD【句意】生产率的提升和工资的提升没有保持同步.【难点】 productivity 意为生产力；生产率；production 意为生产；制造“； product 意为 产品“；produce 意为 农产品72. The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it, wasthat he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.A. was turned out B.

56、was being turned outC. being turned out D. turned outD【句意】后来证实他的财产被国家没收的原因是,战争期间他参与了诈骗活动.【难点】it turned out to be这里作插入语,意为 证实 是73. With one leg broken in that car accident, he cannot even walk, run.A. let aloneB. that ' s to say C. not to speak D. not to mentionA【句意】在车祸中,他的一条腿骨折,他连走路都不行,更不用说跑了.【难点】le