同位语从句——语法专题讲解

1、累高中英语语法专题讲解专题二、同位语从句、同位语从句概述同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：belief, chanee, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise等。弓丨导同位语从句的词有连词 that, whether 禾R畐U词 how, when, where 等。同位语从句(1) 同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词that引导。注：that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，通常不省略。eg: I got the news that he would come to see

2、me the next week.(2)同位语从句是疑问句时，应根据语境选用who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用if)等词来引导。eg: The question who is the best for the job requires consideration.(3) 分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持 平衡，常把同位语从句后置。eg： An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring.(4)后面常跟同位语的词有：doubt, fact, hop e, ide

3、a, message, n ews, po ssibility, p romise,questi on, suggesti on ,truth,thought,war nin g,wish等。 注：advice, order, suggestion等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位语从句中的谓语动 词须用(should) +动词原形eg： He made the suggestionthat the meeting(should) be put off.同位语从句与定语从句的区别(1) 所表达的内容不同： 同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语 从句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句

4、是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特 征。eg: The fact that he presented was a strong proof.The fact that she hadn said anything surprised us all.(2)在句中所起的语法作用不同：引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主句和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分，而且that作宾语时可省略,指物时，可以用 which代替。引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接主句和从句的作用，它不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不可被which代替eg： We expressed the hope that

5、 Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year.The news that we heard spread all over the city.(3)的词,(4)的意思。所修饰的词不尽相同：同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息 女0：message ,n ews,fact,h op e,desire ,p roblem,idea,suggesti on, advice,questti on,order, belief, doubt, fear, truth, throught等，而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。w

6、h-引导词引导同位语从句时，有其本身的疑问含义；引导定语从句时则没有疑问eg： I have no idea where the meeting will be held.He is the only one of these boys who can sp eak Franch.跟踪练习:1、There is no obvious evideneethere is life on any other plan et i n the solar system.A. which B. that C. how D. whereMy friend showed me round the tow n,

7、was very ki nd of him.A. which B. that C. where D. itMany childre n, village.A. their B. whose C. of themparents are away worki ng in big cities,are take n good care of in the4、Many young people in the West are expected to leave decisi onmarriage-almost en tirely up to luck.A. as B. that C. whichD.

8、with whomcould be life most importantD. what定语从句及同位语从句专项训练1. That ishe said.A. all whatB. all whichC. all thatD. all which2. These are things and personsve heard of.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that3. PI ease tell me everyth ingyou know.4. We know the facthe has gone to college.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. w

9、hy5.I received the n ewsXiao Ping had p assed away.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. i n whichA. whatB. thatC. whichD. all what 6. This is the thing _he referred to.A. whoB. whomC./D. what 7. This is the building, in front ofthere is a dog lying on the ground.A. thatB. whichC. itD./ 8. Those are the students

10、, most ofare very active.A. thatB. themC. whichD. whom.A. on whichB. in whichC. whichD. that 9. The girl _father lives in Beijing won the first prize in maths.A. whoB. whoseC. whomD that 10. The factory _we work is very big.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who 11. The factory _we visited is very big.A. tha

11、tB. whereC. in whichD. on which 12. This is the day _we joined the army.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. in which 13. The days _we spent last year will not be forgotten.A. thatB. on whichC. in whichD.when 14. He has such a book _I borrowed from the library.A. whichB. thatC. asD. what 15. He made the same pr

12、ogress _I did in my entrance examination.A. whatB. thatC. on whichD. as 16. The reason _he gave me was not reasonable.A. thatB. whyC. forD. for which 17. September 18, 1913 is the daywell neverforget.A. thatB. whenC. on whichD. on that 18. I remember the day _I first came to the college. 19. Is this

13、 factory _we visited last year?A. whereB. in whichC. the oneD. at which 20. Is this the factory _your father worked?A. whereB. whichC. of whichD. in that 21. This is the factory _we visited the day before yesterday.A. whereB. whichC. the oneD. at which 22. Is this the factorycolour TV sets are produ

14、ced?A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. in thatA. thatB. whichC. whatD. when 23. Where is the window _glass is broken?A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. its 24. The book, the cover_is broken, is not mine.A. of itB. forC. whoseD. of which 25. His father is an engineer, _makes him very proud.A. for whatB. whichC. tha

15、tD. what26.That was thereasonMac refused to speak at the meeting.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. of which 27. The knifewe cut the bread is very sharp.A. with whichB. that whichC. which withD. which 28. Is there anything _I can do for you?A. whichB. whatC. thatD. whom 29.This is the fact _he is very smart.A.

16、 thatB. whatC. whichD. where 30. I got the news _he will go abroad.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. on which 31. This is the worker, _the book was written.A. whoB. whomC. ofD. by whom 32. This is the reasonhe was put into prison.A.of itB. for itC. in whichD. for which 33. My father made a promise _he would

17、buy me a toll.历届高考题 1.A child _parents are dead is called an orphan.A. whichB. hisC. whoseD.with 2. AllA. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which 3. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most ofhadn t beencleaned for at least a year.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which 4. His parents wouldn t let him mar

18、ry anyonefamily was poorA. of whomB. whomC. of whoseD. whose 5. She heard a terrible noise,brought her heart into her mouthA. itB. whichC. thisD.that 6. Alice received an invitation from her boss,came as surpriseA. itB. thatC. whichD. he 7. In the dark street, there wasn t a single personshe could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom 8. _is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school isinteresting.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. It