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1、4440898请老师帮我总结一下高考所须掌握的英语句型,谢谢!答:同学,你好!如下总结供你参考学习:高考重点句型归纳1beof抽象名词 解析:“be of抽象名词”句型一般表示人或事物的性质或特征。of后常接value,use,help,importance,difference等抽象名词,而且这些名词前也可用little,some,any,no,great等词修饰。例如:His words are of no use他说的话没有用。 注:of后还可接age,colour,size,height,opinion等名词用以表示类属,但名词前一般加不定冠词或 the same。例如:The two
2、 boys are of an age这两个小男孩同岁。The two cars are of the same colour这两辆汽车颜色一样。2the形容词副词比较级,the 形容词副词比较级 解析:“the 形容词副词比较级,the 形容词副词比较级”的意思是“越,就越”,表示一个方面的程度随着另一方面的程度平行增进或递减。例如:The more you eat,the fatter you'll be你吃得越多,你就会越胖。3not no never nothing 比较级 解析:“notnonever nothing 比较级”句型表示“没有比更”,即:比较级表达最高级概念。例
3、如:There is nothing more interesting than the film I have ever seen in the past years在近几年我所看的电 影中没有比这部更有意思的了。 4比较级than any other 单数可数名词 解析:“比较级than any other单数可数名词”句型为比较级表示最高级概念。这个句型也可以表达为“比较级 than any of the other名词复数the others”或“比较级than anyone(anybody)anything else”,其意义相同。在这个句型中,any other短语后常跟inof介
4、词短语构成限定范围的状语,表示在同一范围内同其他人或物进行逐次比较得出最后结果。例如:He works harder than any other student in his class他比班里任何同学学习都努力。 注:如果比较的对象不在同一个范围之内,则用“比较级any单数名词”句型。例如:China is larger than any country in Africa中国比非洲任何国家都大。5the比较级of 解析:“the 比较级of”意义为“两者中较的”,表示两者中的对比选择。例如:Who is the older of the two boys?那两个男孩中谁年龄较大?6as形
5、容词副词原级(a an)名词as 解析:“as形容词副词原级(aan)名词 as”意为“与一样是”,在使用这个句型时一定要注意冠词aan和名词须位于前一个副词as之后,切不可前置。例如:He is as good a player as his sister他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。 7as形容词副词原级as,比较级than 解析:此句型常用来表示假定或转折,一般译为“如果也”或“虽然但”,句中常用连词if或but。例如:Tom is as clever as,if not cleverer than,his brother如果汤姆不比他哥哥聪明,也和他一样聪明。 8the same 名
6、词as 解析:“the same 名词as”为一固定句型,其意义为“与相同”,在这个句型中,same总是与the连用,as为介词。例如:This rope is the same length as that one这条绳子与那条一样长。 注:在“the same 名词as”句型中,as也可以用作关系代词或关系副词引导限定性定语从句,并在从句中作宾语、表语或状语。例如: These are the same books as you want(as作宾语)这些书正是你想要的。He is not the same man as he used to be他已经不是以前的他了。(as作表语)I s
7、hall do it in the same way as you did(as作状语)我会按你做那件事的方法去做这件事的。9倍数比较级than,倍数as原级as,倍数the size heightlength weight width of 解析:在表达“一方是另一方的若干倍”时,常用“倍数比较级than”“倍数as原级as”“倍数the size heightlength weightwidth of”等句型。如:The room is twice larger than that oneThe room is three times as large as that oneThe roo
8、m is three times the size of that one这个房间是那个房间的3倍大。Aas twice many Bas many twice Ctwice as many Dtwice many as 10no longernotany longer 解析:句型“no longernotany longer”其意义为“不再”,表示动作不延续,其谓语动词常为持续性动词,常与一般现在时或现在完成时连用。 注:与no longernotany longer相类似的no more notany more的用法。一般来讲,no morenotany more修饰名词时,表示“数量不再
9、迭加”,修饰动词时指“次数不再迭加”。例如: The baby watched and listenedHe didn't cry any more婴儿看着、听着,不哭了。(表示不再重复某动作)“Some more meat?”“No,no more,thanks”再吃点肉吗?“不要了,谢谢。(表示数量不再迭加)”11形容词副词enough to do sth 解析:“形容词副词enough to do sth”句型的意义为“足以”,表示结果。enough修饰形容词、副词时应后置。例如: The boy is old enough to go to school这小孩已到了上学的年龄。
10、12(much)tooto do sth 解析:“(much)tooto do sth”句型,引导表示结果的句子,不定式为否定意义,其意义为“太而不能没有”。 注意:这种句型可以转换为sothat引导的结果状语从句。例如: Politics is too important to be left to the politicians(Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians)政治太重要了,不能由政治家来决定。 但当too用以修饰表情绪的形容词 anxious,eager,glad,happy,pl
11、eased, ready,willing时,不定式为肯定意义。例如: He is too eager to know the result of his examination他迫切想知道考试结果。 13where 解析:where作为连接副词有三个方面的意义:1)在地方2)有地方3)到地方。例如: Where there is a will,there is a way有志者事竟成。 He left his key where he could find他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。 I will go where I want to go我要去我想去的地方。14How soon 解析:“How
12、 soon”句型表示“要过多久以后才”。例如: How soon will the meeting begin?会议多久以后才开? 注意:相关句型表达法: How often do you visit your uncle?(How often用以表示“频度”) How long have you lived in Shanghai?(How long用以表示“持续多长时间”) 15There be 解析:“There be”句型表示“存在;所处状态;发生某动作”等意义。在使用“There be”句型时还要注意以下两点:“There be”句型中的be可与形容词、系动词、情态动词等连用。例如:
13、 There seems to be happens to be be going to be used to be be likely to be There seems to be nobody in the classroom教室里似乎没有人。 There be结构组成非谓语形式及特殊结构。例如: There being no bus,they had to go on foot There is no use in doing this16in case 解析:“in case”意为“万一”,其引导的句子表明说话人的目的或意图。例如: Be quiet,in case you shou
14、ld wake up the baby安静些,免得把婴儿吵醒。 17keep preventstop sb(sth)from doing(being done) 解析:“keep preventstop sb(sth)from doing(being done)”句型意义为“阻止某人(某事)(被)做”。keep后的from不可以省略,而prevent,stop后的 from可以省略,但变为被动语态时须加上from。例如: I was prevented by illness from taking the exam我因病未能参加考试。(from不能省略) 相似句型区别: protectfrom
15、“防止”。例如: In summer wearing a pair of dark glasses can protect our eyes from being hurt by the sun夏季戴上一幅墨镜能防止太阳照射。 freefrom“免于”。例如: I freed him from debts我使他摆脱了债务。 18have keep make getdrive sendset leave sb(sth)宾补 解析:“have keep make getdrive send setleave sb(sth)宾补”句型意义为“使让某人(某事)”。宾补常为形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分
16、词、过去分词或不定式。例如: The heavy snow made the road blocked大雪使道路受阻。 Noise can drive people mad噪音会使人发疯的。 His question set me thinking他的问题使我深思起来。 19have sthdone 解析:“have sthdone”句型有三种含义:让别人做某事。例如: We must have this house rebuilt我们必须找人重修这所房子。 遭遇到某事。例如: He had his TV set stolen有人偷走了他的电视机。 完成或解决某事(自己也可能参加)。例如: M
17、ary had 2,000saved玛丽节省了两千美元。20make oneself done 解析:“make oneself done”句型意为“使”,表示使役概念。例如:He speaks loudly in order to make himself heard他大声说以便使大家都听得见。21used to do sth 解析:“used to do sth”句型意为“过去常常”,侧重与现在对比,含有“过去曾一度,现在未必如此”之意。 注:相似句型区别: would do sth表示过去常重复的动作。例如: Every morning,he would get up early他过去每
18、天早晨都起床很早。 be getbecome used to表示“习惯于”,此句型中的used为形容词,to为介词,其后跟名词或动名词,不跟动词原形。例如: The old man is used to a simple life这位老人习惯过简朴生活。 22warn sb(not)to do against doing sth 解析:“warn sb(not)to do against doing sth”句型意为“警告某人(不)做某事”。 The patient was warned not to eat oily food after the operation23spend waste
19、 time in doing sth 解析:“spend waste time in doing sth”句型意为“花费浪费时间做某事”,do- ing为动名词,其前in可省去。 典型命题: You are wasting your time trying to persuade him,he'll never join us24can't help doing sth 解析:“can't help doing sth”句型意为“禁不住”,help后须用动词 -ing形式。 注:相似句型区别: can't help do sth意为“不能帮助做”。 Mother
20、,I can't help clean the room妈妈,我不能帮助打扫房间。 can't help but do sth意义为“不能不”。 I can't help but admire his courage我不得不佩服他的勇气。 25sbwould(should)like(love)to do sth 解析:“sbwould(should)like(love)to do sth”句型意为“某人愿意做”,强调说话者在场时的具体而短暂的动作。例如: Would you like to have a cup of tea?请喝杯茶好吗? No,thanks不啦,谢谢
21、。 注:在使用sbwould(should)like(love)to do sth句型时应注意:1)其简略答语为would(should)like(love)to。2)would(should)like(love)sb(sth)to do(to be done)意为“想让(被)做”,为使役概念。3)would(should)like(love)to have done sth意为“本想”,表示对已经发生的事的一种遗憾。 注:相似句型区别: “like?”表示一种习惯或爱好,是一种长期的动作或状态。例如: Do you like tea in the afternoon?你喜欢下午喝茶吗?26G
22、iven 解析:“Given”句型中的given为过去分词,此时given相当于if引导的条件状语从句。例如: Given more time,I will do it better如果多给点儿时间,我会做得更好。27情态动词(not)have 过去分词 解析:“情态动词(not)have 过去分词”有不同的含义。must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,多用于肯定句中;can could may might not have done表示对过去事情的否定推测; should ought to need(not)have done表示对过去事情的看法或观点。 My sister m
23、et him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he couldnt have attended your lecture28so that 解析:“so that”句型意义为“为了”,引导目的状语从句,从句中须用情态动词can,could,will,would等,so that可以用in order that来替代。 I hurried so that I wouldn't be late for class29suchthat 解析:“suchthat”句型中that所引导的从句为结果状语从句,such所修饰的词为名词,其意义相
24、当于“soadjthat”句型,常译为“如此以致于”。 It is such an unusual work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it30tilluntil 解析:“tilluntil”句型意义为“直到为止”,用于肯定句,和持续性动词连用。“notuntil”句型意义为“直到才”,用于否定句,和非延续性动词连用,而在句首或It is wasthat强调句中,不可用till。not until用在强调句中不倒装,放在句首时,其对应的主句应倒装。例如: It was not until he came back that I w
25、ent to sleep last nightNot until he came back did I go to sleep last night昨天晚上直到他回来我才睡着。 31the first time 解析:“the first time”句型意义为“一就”。句型中的the first time为名词短语,类似的短语还有:the moment,the minute,the instant,the day,the second等。 I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 32before 解析:“before”句型
26、意义为“还没来得及就”,表明主句的动作先于从句的动作发生。例如: Before I could get in a word ,he had measured me我还没来得及插话,他就给我量好了尺寸。 33Itbe一段时间since从句 解析:“Itbe一段时间since从句”句型表示“自从以来已有时间了”,从句中的动词常用非延续性动词。但是,如果从句中的动词为延续性动词,则表示“自从该动作结束以来已有时间了”。例如: It is years since I smoked(It is years since I stopped smoking)我戒烟已经数年了。 34It is was the
27、 firstlastsecond third time 从句 解析:在“It is was the firstlastsecond third time 从句”句型中,后边的从句需用完成时态。 Do you know our town all? No,this is the first time I have been here35As is known to all 解析:“As is known to all”其意义为“众所周知”。在这个句型中,应当注意的是:As为关系代词,代替下文中整个一句话的意思,后边常用逗号与主句隔开;如果此句型中的As更换为It作形式主语,它替代的为后边thatw
28、hen where引导的主语从句,中间不可用逗号隔开。例如: It is well known to all that the earth is round众所周知,地球是圆的。 36no matter 特殊疑问词 解析:“no matter 特殊疑问词”句型在句中只引导让步状语从句,不可引导主语从句,而“what, how,who,when, which等疑问词 ever”句型相当于“no matter whathow who when which”,意思是“无论什么;无论多么;无论谁;无论什么时候;无论哪一个”,它们在从句中可以作主语、宾语、状语等成分。We'll have to
29、finish the job however long it takes. 37What (aanadj)名词Howadjadv主语谓语 解析:“What(aanadj)名词Howadjadv主语谓语”为感叹句型,表达说话者的惊异、喜悦、沮丧等情绪。what用来修饰名词,how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词,句子的主谓语序勿须倒装。 Oh,John What a pleasant surprise you gave us38Itthat what whether howwhen主语从句或to do sth doing sth 解析:“Itthatwhatwhetherhowwhen主语从句或to
30、do sth doing sth”句型中的it为形式主语,只是为了保持句子平衡才用it代替后边的真正主语。 It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.39think make find feelkeepit宾补 解析:“think make find feel keep it宾补”句型中,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语在后边,只是为了保持句子平衡。 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.40It is was 被强调部分that(wh
31、o) 解析:“It is was 被强调部分that(who)”为强调句型。在使用强调句型时应注意以下几点: a强调的对象是人时,可以用who。例如: It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday b强调句型中的be只有两种形式is或 was,即使被强调的部分是复数形式或两个并列成分时,也不可用are或were。例如: It is they who will come tomorrow c强调句型和主语从句的区别。例如: It is clear that Jane is right(主语从句) It is not only blind men that ma
32、ke such stupid mistakes(强调句型) d强调句型中的“it”与指时间的“it”的区别。 It was on February 12,1809 that Lincoln was born(强调句型) It was February 12,1809 when Lincoln was born(It指时间)41Only 副词介词短语状语从句 解析:“Only 副词介词短语状语从句”句型,句子的主语、谓语要部分倒装。 但:“Only 名词(主语)谓语”句型则主谓勿须倒装。例如:Only students do much homework every day只有学生每天做很多作业。
33、Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.42Never Little Not a Hardly In no time In no way In no case Seldom Scarcely Barely Rarely NowhereBy no means be 助动词情态动词主语谓语 解析:“Never Little Not a HardlyIn no time In no way In no case Seldom Scarcely Barely Rarely Nowhere By no means be 助动词情态动词主语
34、谓语”,这个句型为一倒装句型,是中学英语倒装句型中的重点部分,同学们应重点掌握。 Not a single song did she sing at yesterday's party.43Soadjbe助动词情态动词主语 解析:“Soadjbe助动词情态动词主语”意义为“如此”,语序须倒装。例如:So busy is our teacher that he has no time to spare我们老师是如此的繁忙,以至于他抽不出任何时间来。 So difficult did I feel it to live in an English speaking country that
35、 I determined to learn English44adjadvnasthough主语谓语 Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.45No soonerthan Hardly(Scarcely)when(before) 解析:“No soonerthan Hardly(Scarcely)when(before)”,此句型意义为“一就”。No sooner Hardly(Scarcely)后面为过去完成时,当它们置于句首时要倒装;而than,when before后
36、面的时态为一般过去时。 注:as soon as,once也可以引导从句,表示“一就”。例如:As soon as I get there,I'll write to you我一到那儿就给你写信。Once you start to take the drug,it is hard to stop一旦你吸上毒品,戒掉它是很困难的。46not onlybut(also) 解析:“not onlybut(also)”句型连接的是两个并列句,not only放在句首时,它引导的句子主谓倒装,而but(also)引导的句子则不倒装。 Not only was the city polluted
37、but the streets were crowded.47Neither Nor be 助动词情态动词主语 解析:“Neither Nor be 助动词情态动词主语”,这一句型表示前边所说的否定内容也适宜于其他人或物。 48Sobe助动词情态动词主语与So主语be助动词情态动词 解析:“Sobe助动词情态动词主语”这一句型表示前边所说的肯定内容也适宜于其它人或物。而“So主语be助动词情态动词”这个句型为正常语序,意思是“是的;是那样”,表明同意说话人的意见。49do you think? 解析:“think,suppose,believe,say,imagine,propose等引导一般
38、疑问句”句型在句中起插入语的作用。由于插入语已经采用了一般疑问句的语序,故它后面的部分须用正常语序,这种结构称为“双重疑问句”结构。 Since you have seen both fighters,who do you think will win?50It is said reported thoughtbelieved announced that 解析:“It is said reported thoughtbelieved announced that”句型的意义为“据说据报导据认为据称”。 Robert is said to have studied abroad,but I d
39、on't know what country he studied in.51do nothing but do sth 解析:“do nothing but do sth”这个句型的意义为“除了别无选择”。例如: He does nothing but give in除了屈服以外他别无选择。 52'd like to,'d love to,be going to, mean to,ought to,try to,plan to,be glad to,be happy to 解析:英语中,在“'d like to,'d love to, be going to,mean to,ought to,plan to,be glad to,be happy to”等句型中,小品词to后内容常省略。 53I'm sorry,but 解析:“I'm sorry,but”句型常用来表示“委婉拒绝”,其意义为“真遗憾,不过”。 I'd like to
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