名校必备高考英语作文指导―― 议论文

1、天兵下北荒，胡马欲南饮。横戈从百战，直为衔恩甚。握雪海上餐，拂沙陇头寝。何当破月氏，然后方高枕高考英语作文指导 议论文Knowledge ObjectivesTo help the students to learn the basic writing skills on Argumentative CompositionCompentence ObjectivesTo help the students to grasp their basic writing skillsTo practice writing skills.(detailed information& genera

2、l ideaEmotion Objectives To cultivate the love of writingTeaching approach: Communicative approachTeaching Aids: Multi-MediaDifficult points :Teaching procedures:I. Pre-task: RevisionLead-inII. While task:Learn some basic writing skills on Argumentative Composition（一） 英文议论文的结构特点 汉语写作对文章结构的要求不是很高，如开头

3、段应该包括什么、论题句应该在什么时候出现、文章的结尾是否必须总结全文等等。而英语写作要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间和结尾都有严格的要求。简而言之，英语议论文共有三大特点：1、 观点鲜明的开头；2、 紧扣主题的结尾；3、 有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落。所以，既然高考英语考的是英语文章，大家就应该遵循英文议论文的写作思路和习惯：表示支持则旗帜鲜明地支持；表示反对就彻彻底底地反对，而不能采取“墙头草两边倒”的做法。（二）英语议论文写作要点:straight:开门见山，直来直去。brief:文章“简为贵”，要抓住要点，简明扼要。coherence: 文理通顺，前

4、后连贯。division:词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当，划分要清楚，避免使用重复字句和片段。 ambiguity:尽量不用可能会引起歧义的词语或句子。Key ：用适当的关键词突出主题，每段都应有主题句。omit:合理删除多余的不必要部分。sentence pattern:句型要尽量多样化。tense:动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。(三 英语议论文写作手法1. 引言段高考英语议论文的引言可以有两部分组成：现象+观点。现象就来自作文题目。所以学生必须要理解题目中的每句话，把题目中的中文用英语表达出来就能成为不错的开篇。然后再开门见山地亮出自己的观点。2. 主体段要想写好英语议论文，就要讲究好的

5、论证方法。一般说来，有两种方法可采用，一是逻辑说理，即“晓之以理”；一是从感情上打动他人，即“动之以情”。这两种方法并不是孤立地出现，往往是你中有我，我中有你。除此以外，我们还可以运用： 引证法(即引用一些名人名言、成语、格言、谚语灯作为论据 ； 例证法(即举例来进行论证 喻证法(用比喻的方法来论证事理，把深奥、抽象的事理表述得浅显易懂，使文章既生动又形象 对比论证法(通过对事物的正反两个方面的对比来分析论证，使文章的表达效果更强烈，给人留下深刻印象 归纳法 (从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论。 推理法 (从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，而后得出结论

6、驳论法 (先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，最后阐明自己的观点 。在主体段中，务必要牢记应采用先分后总的手法先亮出主题句，然后再用发展句充实段落。你必须围绕着引言段的观点展开，千万不能让人觉得的的文章段落之间没有衔接。此外，在主体段中要恰当地使用过渡词，有明显的层次感，引领阅读者一层一层地根据你的分论点走向最终你要阐述的观点。3. 结尾段结论，用一、二句话来结束文章，做到首尾呼应。一定要再次澄清你的观点，切记与引言段的观点一致，建议用不同的词句法表达一个意思。(四 、英语议论文范文Private TutorsWith the development od science and societ

7、y , more and more students are keen to takeon private tutors.Some people think taking on a private tutor is good for students in some ways. Thetutor can answer the students questions individually and carefully and give them detailedadvice; some private tutors assign their students more exercises to

8、do and the studentswill learn extra knowledge from their tutors; it is known to us all that a good andexperienced teacher can help his students to review their lessons in a very good way sothat they can have a better understanding of the knowledge learned in class, which is helpto them in their exam

9、inations.But every coin has two sides. Some people look upon it with disapproval. They holdthe opinion that the students rely too much on their tutor and they even take little noticeof what their own teacher says in class; the private tutor assigns them to do a lot ofextra exercises, thus occupying

10、plenty of rheir spare time and they will be too worn out;contrary to what their parents hope, their studies become worse than before.So it is hard to say whether taking on a private tutor is good or not. It all dependson the individual. But in my opinion, if you want to take on a private tutor, you

11、shouldchoose one carefully since he or she will have a great impact on your studies.Money for EducationIn my opinion, it is worthwhile to spend more of the money in order to have thechildren better educated.First , as there are more than 40 or even 50 students in a class, in most cases,teachers can

12、not take care of all the students in class. Therefore many students haveto attend spare time classes or even go to the tutors to make up for this.Second , we are now in the 21stcentury. With the development of society, only thosewho have a good education are more likely to get good jobs. So the more

13、 we learn now,the more chances we will have in the future. Of course we will get a high pay.In a word, spending money on education is certainly rewarding.III. Post-task ( Each composition 120-150 words请你谈谈在学习上遇到困难时，如何想办法去解决，如何克服这些困难？IV . Sentence patterns:I think/believe thatThe point is that.In my

14、opinionFrom my point of viewAs for meAs far as I am concernedWe must recognize thatThere is no doubt thatThe main reason is thatAs we all knowV . Summary: VI. Assignment: ( Each composition 120-150 words1. 每一位高三的学生都面临着巨大的压力。对压力，高三的学生看法不一，有的害怕压力；但有的却认为压力不是件坏事。请你谈谈你的看法。2 .2010年世博会将在上海举行。为了办好这次国际盛会，上海市

15、将进一步改善环境。与此同时， 提高市民的素质和修养也势在必行，因为文明的举止在国际交往中非常重要。作为年轻人，我们自身也存在着一些不文明行为。请例举你所观察到的2-3种不文明行为（如：大小便后不及时冲刷；随地乱扔纸屑、废物；随地吐痰；插队）并就此做出评论或提出建议。Feed-back高考英语书面表达常用词汇句型集锦举例：for example，for instance，take for example，such as，like ，and so on，so on and so forth，and so on and on and on， etc. 等。说明：that's to say，i

16、n other words，namely ，等。因果：so ，for ，therefore ，as a result，thus ，because ，because of，thanks to，owing to，due to 等递进：then ，besides ，in addition， furthermore ，moreover ， what's more等。顺序：firstly ， secondly ，thirdly ， finally ；in the first place，in the second place， in the third place，To begin with，t

17、hen ，furthermore ，finally ；to start with， next ， in addition，finally ；first and foremostbesides ， last but not least；most important of all，moreover ，finally （以上为时间顺序）in the front of，in front of ，before ， behind ， at the back of， on the right/left（of ），tothe right /left of，on the other side of ，in th

18、e center of ，in the middle of ，at thebeginning of ，at the end of ，by the side of ，on the top of ，at the foot of ，on the bottom of，inside ，outside ， upstairs ， downstairs （以上为空间顺序）转折：nevertheless ，however ，although ， though ， but ，on the country，after all， oppositely 等。 总结： in short， in a word， in ge

19、neral， generally speaking， finally ，at last，as far as I know，in brief， briefly speaking， in the end， as a matter of fact， in reality， in fact， on the whole，in conclusion， on account of this， therefore 等。强调： really ， indeed ，certainly ，surely ，for sure， above all等。对比： in the same way，just as，in commo

20、n with， compared with，on the one handon the other hand， for one thing for another，similarly 等。平行：and ，both and ，as well as，as well，neither nor or ，either or ，not onlybut also等。二、书面表达的常考常用句型在实际的英语写作中，我们应该掌握一些常用的句型以便在实战中发挥作用。高考英语书面表达的句式基本上都是简单句，就是复合句也大都是极普通的常用句式或句型。先讨论简单句的使用情况。所谓简单句式在英语中无非是三种基本句型及其扩充。

21、一类是S.+V.+O.式，例如，I like English and computer best. （NMET1996）I started school from 1984 to 1990.（NMET1996）二类是S.+V.+Adv.式，例如， My parents live in the country.（NMET1993）The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. （NMET1997）三类是S.+V.+Pre. 例如，My name is Li Hua.（NMET1996）The playground is

22、now in front of the school.（NMET1999）It was 7：15 on the morning of February 8，2000. （NMET2000）高考英语书面表达中的复合句式多为带时间状语从句的复合句和带宾语从句的复合句，其他如强调句型、带定语从句的复合句、带主语从句的复合句、 条件句、让步或转折的句式等， 也是常见常用常考的复合句形式。有些复合句式几乎年年都考。复合句虽可化简，但就一篇文章而言，若全是简单句，无一复合句或难句起采，难见考生功力，得高分就不容易了。所以，该用复合句或难句表现的，而且自信没什么问题，就应大胆写出来， 考生切记。1. 带时间

23、状语从句的复合句It's also possible a pickpocket stole your money while you were shopping. （2004北京卷）这类时间状语从句不仅考得频繁，而且连词when ， while ， as ， before ， after 甚至by the time都考到了，时态上现在时、过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时等都出现了。而且有些年份带时间状语从句的复合句还同时出现多次。因此我们建议广大考生应加强训练这类复合句，在高考中尽量少犯错误。2. 带宾语从句的复合句I think this is a good chance for yo

24、u to show your singing talent， and how well you've learned Chinese. （NMET2004， I ）I am so sorry that I won't be able to attend the lecture on American history tomorrow afternoon.（NMET2004， III ）I would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we'll ha

25、ve a betterhometown in future. （2004江苏卷）3. 带定语从句的复合句If there is anything I can do for you， I would be more than glad to help. （NMET2004， I） As is shown on Chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. （2004 北京卷） 4. 其他 强调句型 It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister. （N

26、MET1993） 带主语从句的复合句 Here is how you can find us On the other side， where the playground used to be now stands another new building-our library. （NMET1999） so that 句型： I became so impatient that I had to go to explain my difficulty. （2004 广东卷） I am so sorry that I won't be able to tomorrow afterno

27、on. （NMET2004， III） The noise was so loud that I couldn't go on studying. （2004 广东卷） 让步或转折： I don't know about others， but I used to have to work even at weekends doing homework and attending classes as well. （NMET2001） Although the city is modern and convenient， there are still some problems， such as air pollution， crowdedness and noise. 条件句： If there is anything I can do for you， I would be more than glad to help. （NMET2004， I） 三、书面表达开头和结尾的写作 1.书面表达的开头俗话说万事开头难。其实，一点也不难。高考英语书面表达的开头句一般已 为你写好。你要做的是分段缩进重起第二段。注意千万不要