专题10被动语态-初升高英语衔接大讲堂

1、专题10被动语态一、被动语态的基本知识1 .语态：英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，英语的动词有 两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动 作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。2 .用法：被动语态常用于以下两种情况：(1)不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；例： This cloth is made of cotton.(2)当强调或侧重动作的承受者。例： Her bike is stolen.二、被动语态在各种时态下的构成时态结构例句一般现在时We are taught English

2、by her.由她教我们英语。一般过去时A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了对-件礼物。一般将来时The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理。现在进行时The walls are being painted now.正在粉刷墙壁。过去进行时The talk was being given at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候止在作报 告。现在完成时The flowers have been watered.这些经被浇了。过去完成时She said this lift had never bee

3、n used.过去将来时The film would be shown again sometime next week.这部电影下周的某个时候又将上映。情态动词Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可 由石头制造。被动语态由“be +过去分词”构成。三、不用被动语态的情况1）不及物动词或动词短语不用于被动语态。如 appear, die, remain, rise, come out, lose heart, stand, happen, occur, lie, take place, belong to , break out, come true , disapp

4、ear , last , spread等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。The meeting lasted for two hours.2） 系动词无被动语态，如： appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, remain, seem, semll, sound,stay, taste,turn。四、主动形式表被动意义。1）某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如： look, smell, taste, feel, prove, wear, sound等Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的

5、卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。2）某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。The conversation is hard to understand.对这话彳艮难理解。The fish is not easy to fish.鱼不容易钓。The passage is difficult to read.这段文章彳艮难读懂。3）动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如：在， want, need, require,deserve等词表示 需要”时以及be worth后 的名词必须用主动形式。need doing = need to be done。The book is worth readi

6、ng.这本书值得一读。The children need looking after.孩子们需要照看。The door needs repairing .= the door needs to be repaired.4）write, sell, wash, read, clean, iron, cut, wear, draw, cook 等词和副词连用，主动语态表被动意义。The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很顺手。The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。The knife cuts easily. 这刀很好用。被动语态巩固练习题一、选择题

7、1. Our classroomevery day. So it is. Its our duty to keep it clean and tidy.A. cleansB. is cleaningC. is cleaned D. cleaning2. The mobile phone has influenced people s life a lot since it .A. inventsB. invented C. is invented D. was invented3. People who to the party are very excited.A. have invited

8、B. has been invited C. will invite D. have been invited4. How often do I need to feed the dog? It _ food every day, or it will be hungry.A. must giveB. must be give C. must be given D. must be gave5. The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month.A. has been designedB. had been designedC. was

9、designedD. would be designed6. Great changesplace. Many new schools .A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are openC. are taken, openD. have been taken, are opened7. A strange thing in our school yesterday.A. was happenedB. has been happenedC. happenedD. was going to happen8. -When the war?- Two

10、years ago.A. was; broken outB. had; broken outC. Did; break ourD. has; broken out9. Why don t you put thmeeat in the fridge? It willfresh for several days.D. have stayedA. be stayedB. stayC. be staying10. - Do you like the material?- Yes, it _ very soft.Chinese C. to be written D. written tany more.

11、B. need to be correctedD. need be correctingA . is feelingB . feltC . feels D . is felt11. It is difficult for a foreigner A. writeB. to write12. The composition doesnA. need to be correctingC. need be corrected13. - What do you think of the book?-Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time.A . to read

12、 B . to be readC . readingD . being read14. The kind of cloth well.A. washB.is washed C.washesD.is washing二、句子翻译1. 纸是由木材生产出来的。2. 这座房是1950 年建成的。3. 这些花已被浇水了。4. 作业应该准时上交。5. 这座建筑看上去很美。6. 她的声音听起来非常甜美。7. 他的小说很畅销。8. 这支钢笔很好写。)9. 这房间需要清洁。10. 知识和想法传播得很快。专题 10 被动语态答案一、选择题1-5 CDDCB 6-10ACCBC 11-14 BBCC二、句子翻译1. Paper is made from wood.2. The house was built in 1950.3. These flowers have been watered.4. Our homework should be handed in on time.5. The b