2019-2020学年全国高中学业水平模拟测试英语试题(一)解析版

1、高中学业水平考试模拟测试卷（一）（时间：90分钟满分：100分）I .情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下列简短对话，从 A, B, C和D中选出最佳答案，将对话 补全。1. . Have you been wasting time on computer games again?. I've been studying a lot and I need a break.A. No wayB. Not reallyC. I don't agreeD. I couldn't agree more解析：根据下一句“我一直在学习，我需要休息一下。”可知，此 处应

2、是“我没有浪费时间玩游戏。" Not really.意思是“事实上不是、 没有”，符合此处语境。No way.意思是“没门” ；I don't agree.意思是 “我不同意”，表示拒绝对方的提议；I couldn't agree more.意思是“我 非常同意”，与所提供的情景矛盾。答案：B2. Are you all right?A. That's OKB. I think soC. Take it easyD. It's very kind of you解析：本题考查的是交际用语中so指代一个肯定的宾语从句的用 法，在这里so指代I'm

3、all right。本句的意思是： 你好吗？一 我想是这样（我想我的身体还不错）。答案：B3. I have some big news for you.You've been accepted as a member of our club.一 That's great!A. Have I ?B. Pardon?C. Congratulations! D. Good idea!解析： 选项 “Have I ?"是 "Have I been accepted as a member of your club ?”的省略。在有清晰的上下文的情况下，口语中尽量使

4、用 简洁的表达。选项“Pardon? ”用于请求别人重复说过的话； "Congratulations !”用于祝贺别人取得的成绩；选项 “Good idea!” 用于对别人的建议表示赞同。答案：A4. Bob, can you spare me a few minutes right now? I have to ask you some questions.A. It's a pleasureB. Ask, pleaseC. Help yourselfD. Yes, go ahead解析：It's a pleasure. ”意思是“不用谢”，Ask, please.

5、”是汉语表 达，Help yourself. ”意思是“自便”，Yes, go ahead.意思是“请讲”。 问句句意：Bob,现在能腾出几分钟给我吗？我想问你些问题， 故选Do答案：D5. Mike, would you mind not wearing those old jeans? They look terrible.A. Ok, I'll put on another pairB. Sure, I will do it right awayC. Sorry , I won't be aloneD. Alright , I'll do them in a mi

6、nute解析：若没有其他特明显的表示反感的词，一般来说，建议都是 被采纳的。答案：An .阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A, B, C和D 项中选出最佳选项。AStudying volcanoes is a demanding profession. Hazel Rymer frequently has to struggle through rainforests, climb to the top of mountains, then climb 200 metres into the crater of active volca

7、noes. But the 38-year-old volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is. "Driving to work is more risky," she insists. “And the deepest I go into the crater of a volcano is about 300 metres,“ she adds, trying to make it all sound as ordinary as taking the dog for a

8、walk.Hazel has been studying volcanoes for a long time, so it's not surprising she is used to the danger. Her interest in volcanoes began atschool. A teacher gave her a book about Pompeii. "I remember reading about the eruption of Vesuvius and the destruction of the city,“ she explains. &qu

9、ot;Thethought of all those people just frozen in time had quite an effect on me and I am still excited by their dangerous beauty today. ”Nowadays, volcanoes are getting more and more unpredictable. There have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps. These have re

10、sulted in some dormant volcanoes erupting, so studying them is more dangerous than ever before. Hazel says that although she doesn't take any unnecessary risk, she has had some frightening moments. Her worst experience was on the slopes of Mount Etna in Sicily, when she was slowly surrounded by

11、lava. "I had a choice of walking ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it , " she explains. She chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream. "I guess it was five metres. The flow was 1, 000 C, so if you hesitated, your boots would begin to me

12、lt. It was scary, but it really was a practical decisionthere wasn't time todo anything else.”In otherAnd what about the future? "I haven't been to the volcanoes in Indonesia yet. And I would love to spend some time working in the Antarctic J she says. "I would also like to know wh

13、y quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang. words, Hazel Rymer won't be exchanging her volcanoes for the relative safety of driving to work just yet.6. Hazel's claim that “driving to work is more risky ”than exploring volcanoes shows that.A. people have exag

14、gerated the dangers of volcanoes in the pastB. Hazel does not really understand the dangerous situations she puts herself inC. there are many bad drivers in the place where Hazel livesD. Hazel is being modest and understating the dangers she faces【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了火山学家Hazel Rymer的一些关于 火山的研究活动。尽管研究火山充满不可预

15、测的风险，但是Hazel也不会改变自己的选择。解析：由此句话的前一句 "But the 38- year-old volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is. ” 以及止匕句话可知， Hazel Rymer说开车上班比对火山进行研究更危险可推断出，她是以 一种谦虚的说法淡化其面临的危险。答案：D7. When did Hazel first become interested in volcanoes?A. When she was visiting Italy.B. When she w

16、as at school.C. When she was twenty.D. When she saw Vesuvius.解析：由第二段第二句 Her interest in volcanoes began at school.可知她在读书时就对火山感兴趣答案：B8. The underlined word“These”(in Paragraph 3) refers toA. melting ice capsB. volcanic eruptionsC. changes in sea level D. higher temperatures解析： 由画线词的前句话 There have bee

17、n many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps.”可知画线词应该指的是海平线的变化答案：C9. When Hazel was on Mount Etna, she had to .A. take a dangerous routeB. take an unnecessary riskC. leave her boots behindD. walk for ten hours around the mountain解析：由第三段最后几句 " 11 had a choice of walk

18、ing ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it ,'she explains.Shechose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream. I guess it was five metres.The flow was 1 , 000 C , so if you hesitated, your boots would begin to melt.It was scary, but it really was a practic

19、al decision there wasn't time to do anything else.'" 可知她选择了从熔岩流中走过，而这是一条危险的路答案：A10. In the future, Hazel wants toA. revisit volcanoes she knowsB. go on holiday to the AntarcticC. find a less dangerous jobD. discover new things about volcanoes解析：由最后一段内容 .I would also like to know why qui

20、et lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang. ” 可知，Hazel将继续对火山进行研究，并发现一些新的东西。答案：DBA fellow speaker from California named Geri flew to Japan, in her favourite jeans and a casual jacket, to give her first speech. Fourteen hours later, four perfectly dressed Japanese gentleme

21、n greeted her at Narita Airport. Smiling and bowing low, they handed her their business cards. With her bag in one hand, Geri took their cards with the other. She thanked them, glanced briefly at the cards, and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.When the five of them arrived at the hotel, they i

22、nvited Geri to tea in the lobby （大厅）.While sipping tea, the gentlemen presented her with a small gift which she eagerly opened. She was thrilled with the gift and shouted excitedly,“Oh, it's beautiful !"At this point, the four Japanese gentlemen stood up and, bowing only very slightly, said

23、“Sayonara " and left immediately. Poor Geri was left astonished. What did she do wrong?Everything! Her jeans were the first gaffe. Even if you're coming off a bicycle in Japan, you do not meet clients （ 客人）casually dressed. The second mistake was Geri's handling of their business cards

24、rudely. In Japan, the business card is one of the most important communicative tools. It is always presented and accepted respectfully with both hands. However, Geri put their cards away much too quickly.In Japan, people use business cards as a conversation starter. You chat about each other's c

25、ards and work and do not put theirs away until they gently and respectfully place yours in safe keeping. Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.Then, the fourth horror of horrors was that Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients. In a land where s

26、aving face is critical, it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received. What is worse, Geri hadn't even given them a gift!11. In the four Japanese gentlemen's eyes, Geri took their cardsA. excitedlyB. embarrassinglyC. politelyD. disrespectful

27、ly【语篇解读】本文介绍了 Geri在与日本人交往中所犯的几个礼仪上的错误。解析： 由文章第段 :.glanced briefly at the cards, and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.”和第四段的 The second mistake wasGeri's handling of their business cards rudely. ”可知答案。答案：D12 . Why did the four Japanese gentlemen leave Geri suddenly?A. Because they couldn

28、9;t bear Geri's behaviour any longer.B. Because they had finished the task.C. Because Geri had something more important to do.D. Because Geri felt embarrassed.解析： 由第五段 Then, the fourth horror of horrors was that Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients.In a land where saving

29、face is critical, it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received.” 可推知答案。答案：A13. What does the underlined word “gaffe in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Ignorance.B. Sadness.C. Mistake.D. Carelessness.解析：由第三段“What did she do wrong? ”和第四段的 The second mis

30、take was Geri's handling of their business cards rudely. "可 推知答案。答案：C14 . The third mistake Geri made was that she .A. used her own card as a conversation starterB. took her clients' cards with one handC. kept her clients' cards in a wrong placeD. met her clients in jeans解析： 由第四段 Th

31、e second mistake was Geri's handling of their business cards rudely.”和 Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.“可推知答案。答案：C15 . What lesson can we draw from this story?A. Honesty is the best policy.B. Think twice before you take any action.C. When in Rome, do as th

32、e Romans do.D. Don't claim to know what you don't know.解析：纵观全文可得出答案。答案：CCScientists have launched a project aimed at solving the mystery of the giant redwood tree : What allows it to grow so tall and live so long ? Scientists have begun taking cuttings that they hope can be used to make gene

33、tic clones of the ancient trees.Members from Bartlett Tree Experts recently climbed almost 300 feet up three redwood trees in Roy's Redwoods Open Space Preserve in Marin County , Calif. , to collect samples of new growth as part of an effort to clone some of the oldest and biggest redwood trees

34、in the western USA.The project will take genetic material from the trees to create aliving librarysosearchers can study what allows these trees tobecome the tallest and largest living things on Earth , says DavidMilarch of the Champion Tree Project , which is working with Bartlettand the Tree Resear

35、ch and Education Endowment Fund on the project.Milarch hopes to plant the clones near universities. Because the young trees will be identical to the trees from which they were cloned , scientists can study their genetics without having to make the climb up the older trees to gather samples , which i

36、s expensive and difficult.Although this has never been done before with redwoods, it is standard practice when scientists are trying to find“ better versionsplants or animals , says Bill Libby , a retired professor of forestry at theUniversity of California Berkeley , who has spoken with Milarch abo

37、ut the plans.The team will gather samples from the next set of trees in about two months , says David McMaster of Bartlett Tree Experts.This time , the climbers will be going up trees that are more than 300 feet tall and will have to use a crossbow to reach the lowest branch, which is 200 feet high.

38、16 . What is the passage mainly concerned?A. Ancient trees to be cloned for“living library ” .B. Tree Research Project to be carried out in Marin.C. Three redwood trees to be climbed in California.D. A "living library ” to be built in western USA.【语篇解读】本文向我们讲述了科学家为揭开giant redwood tree的生长秘密，进行了一

39、系列的科学研究。解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们介绍了对红 杉树进行的研究：搜集样本、然后创建一个 living library ”，然后进行 克隆，接下来研究该物种成为世界上最大、最高物种的原因。所以 A 项最能概括全文。D项只是研究的一种形式，有一定的干扰性。答案：A17 . Scientists from Bartlett Tree Experts climbed redwood trees to.A. collect the fruits from above 300 feetB. have a tree climbing race among scientistsC.

40、collect information for local librariesD. collect samples of new growth of the ancient redwoods解析：细节理解题。由第二段可知，科学家爬上redwood trees的目 的是 to collect samples of new growth”。答案：D18 . Milarch hopes to plant the clones near universities most probably because.A. universities need them to beautify the campus

41、B. it is convenient for the researchers to studyC. it is easier for young students to climbD. it cost them less than in other places解析：细节理解题。由第四段可以看出，科学家想把克隆出的红 杉树种在大学附近的原因就在于：这样就可以直接对他们进行研究了， 不用再费钱、费力地爬那些古树去采集标本了，这就为研究带来了很 大的方便。答案：B19 . The underlined word “identical in“ the fourth paragraph probab

42、ly means "："A. differentB. strangeC. sameD. equal解析：词义猜测题。下文告诉我们：科学家把克隆出的红杉树用 作研究的标本，这说明克隆出来的树和原来的树在基因方面是一样的。 所以该词和same同义。答案：C20 . We can infer from the passage that.A. redwood trees can grow very fast and very tallB. it cost a lot of money to climb up the ancient treesC. scientists clone

43、the redwood trees to produce more woodD. cloning could probably create better versions of plants or animalsbetter解析：推理判断题。前文告诉我们对研究红杉树采用的克隆的方 法，倒数第二段又告诉我们这种方法能够创造出更好的品种 versions”。由此可以判断D项正确。答案：D田.完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A, B, C和D项中选出最佳选项。One of the most remarkable things about th

44、e human mind is our ability to imagine the future.In our _21_we can see what has not yet happened.For example , while we are looking forward to _22_ a new place or country , we imagine what it will be like.We predict the 23 people will eat, dress and act.Of course, we do not always predict things _2

45、4_ . Things are often very different from the way we 25 them to be.One of the famous dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist, Kekule , who had been _26_ to work out a very difficult problem in physics.He had_27_and analyzed the problem fromevery angle for days , but there seemed to be

46、 no way of _28_out the answer.Then one night he went to bed and dreamed.When he _29up, he realized that he knew the answer.He had solved the problem in his _30_.The hypnotist（催眠者）sat in the chair opposite him and spoke _31_: I want you to concentrate on my voice.Think about _32_. You know nothing bu

47、t my voice.And as you pay attention to my voice, your 33 will get heavier.Soon you'll be asleep.You will hear my voice and _34 my words , but your body will be asleep, your eyes are too heavy.You are almost asleep, and when you wake up you will _35 nothing.You will forget everything.Now I am goi

48、ng to count slowly from one to five.One , two, three, four, five.21 . A.brainsB. sensesC. mindsD. sights解析： 从前句话 One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future.”可知我们脑中可以想象会发生什么，选Co答案：C22 . A.visitingB. seekingC. reachingD. discovering解析： visiting ”参观"

49、;； seeking ”寻找“；reaching “至U达"； discovering “发现”。句意：当人们期望去参观一个地方或者一个国 家故选A。答案：A23 . A.customB. habitC. styleD. way解析：这里强调的是行为方式。我们预测人们的吃穿住行；故选Do答案：D24 . A.quicklyB. simplyC. correctlyD. neatly解析：quickly “很快地" simply “简单地”；correctly “正确地”； neatly “整洁地”。句意：我们不能总是准确地预测。故选 C。答案：C25 . A.require

50、dB. wishedC. leftD. expected解析：required “需要”；wished “渴望”；left “离开”；expected“预期”。句意：事情经常与我们预期的不同。故选Do答案：D26 . A.managingB. tryingC. thinkingD. hoping解析：managing “管理”；trying "尝试”；thinking ”思考”；hoping“希望”。句意：他尝试着去解决物理学方面的一个难题。故选 B。答案：B27 . A.studiedB. learnedC. discussedD. researched解析：“研究”与“分析”是紧

51、密相连的。study此处意为“研究”。 research作“研究”讲时，若接宾语，须加上介词on或into。故选A。答案：A28 . A.makingB. findingC. turningD. letting解析： making ”制作“；finding ”找至广；turning "转向“；letting“让，允许”。句意：但是仍然没有一个找到答案的方法。故选B。答案：B29 . A.gaveB.C. wokeD .解析：gave “给”；sat "坐当他醒来的时候故选Cosatgotwoke “唤醒”;got “得到”。句意:答案：C30 . A.dreamB. les

52、sonC. researchD. exercise解析：dream "梦想"；lesson ”课程"；research "研究”；exercise“锻炼”。句意：在他的梦里，他解决了这个问题 。故选A。答案：A31 . A.softlyB. loudlyC. slowlyD . firmly解析：softly “温柔地”；loudly “大声地”；slowly “慢慢地”；firmly“坚定地”。句意：催眠者坐在他的对面，温柔的说话。故选 A。答案：A32 . A.everythingB. somethingC. nothingD. anything解析

53、：everything ”每件事情 “；something ”些事情 “；nothing“没什么"；anything “任何事情”。句意：什么也不想。故选 C。B. feet答案：C33. A.eyesC. headD. body解析：eyes “眼睛”；feet “脚” ；head "头”；body “身体”。句意： 你的眼睛将会变得沉重，很快就睡着了。故选 A。答案：A34. A.believeB. repeatC. takeD. understand解析：由文意可知在迷迷糊糊的时候可以听见我的话并且理解我 的意思，听到并且“理解”合乎逻辑。故选Do答案：D35 . A

54、.acceptB. rememberC. hearD. receive解析：accept "接受“；remember ”记得“；hear “听至广；receive “收到”。句意：当你醒来的时候，你什么都不记得。故选 B。答案：BIV.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在 空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。When I was young, our family lived in what is now a forest reserve.One day I saw a 36.(home) dog

55、 at the end of our long driveway.It drove my mother crazy.We weren't rich and we already had a dog.37. (stare) out of the window , my mother complained about the 38.(responsible) and cruel person who left his dog with us.We children were told to stay away from 39.dog as we couldn't afford to

56、 keep it.I was very upset and couldn't believe that my mother was refusing to help it.She said , we were not alone here and let 40.people take care of the creature.The poor dog 41.(lie) at the end of the driveway and hardly moved for two days.My heart was breaking , 42.I didn't dare to say anything to my mother.Later that day , I couldn't find my mother in the house.I 43.(check) every room but she was gone.Then I saw my mother coming back to our house 44.the dog.We