2020年高考英语考前热身卷山东卷04(解析版)

1、2020年高考英语考前热身卷山东卷04英语（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhat is Small-sided Soccer?Small-

2、sided Soccer starts with games of 3-on-3 from the youngest participants and progresses to 4-on-4, 7-on-7, 11-on-11, in a graduated manner for the older groups. Our schoolse will siVrakiohg acberterchance to take part in the game and get excited about the game of soccer. The small-sided approach give

3、s each child more individualized attention so they can each improve their skills. And, it s FUN!Some general practical informationCafeteria is open.We supply participants with soccer clothes and football bootsPlease bring a water bottle for your child.Soccer season training timesTeamSaturdaySundayTy

4、kes10:00-11:00PeeWees11:00-11:50BoysE&F12:30-14:0013:00-14:00Girls12:30-14:30CostsThe cost is $70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees and $115 for all the other teams.VolunteeringCan I coach?Of course! Our training course is always looking for volunteer coaches. We will provide coaches with plansfor act

5、ivities and training, and help set up the small- sided fields. It s a great opportunity to get involved with kids and help develop their love for sports.How can I volunteer in other ways?It s your club and you are welcome to volunteer! There are vluonteer opportunities with programs, fields, publici

6、ty, facilities, uniforms, website development and the board, to name a few. Let us know how you help and we ll put you to work!Do parents stay?Yes. Parents are strongly encouraged to stay and support their children and the club. The club is a volunteer-run organization. Parents and athletes are enco

7、uraged to help with clean-up and set-up activities.If you have any questions about program specifics, please contact recreational soccer coordinator（ 协调者 ）, Pablo Vercelli, at recreationalsoccerabfsport.nl . Tel: 043-239-4409.1. What do you know about the training course?A. It is a free training cou

8、rse for children.B. It offers three meals a day for free.C. It teaches students according to their interest.D. It will make children get excited about soccer.2. What should participants take to the training course?A. Soccer.B. Soccer clothes.C. A water bottle.D. Football boots.3. What can we learn f

9、rom the passage?A. Both Tykes and BoysE&F have classes on Sunday.B. Both Tykes and PeeWees have the same charging standard.C. Pablo Vercelli was the founder of Small-sided Soccer.D. Parents who help with clean- up don t need to pay for the course.A. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【 语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了足球培训课程的相关信息。

10、1. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Our school s training course will give kids a better chance to take part inthe game and get excited about the game of soccer.可知，这个培训课程会让孩子们对足球感到兴奋，故D项正确。2. C 细节理解题。根据 Some general practical information 部分中的 Please ring a water bottle for your child.可知，参加培训课程的学员需要自己带一个水瓶，故 C项正确。3. B

11、 细节理解题。根据 Costs 部分中的 “The cost is $70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees and $115 for all the other teams.可知，Tykes和PeeWees的收费标准一样，都是每个月 70美元，故B项正确。BFamilies around the country are finding new options for their childrens midday meal thanks to a growing number of delivery options catering to students. Ki

12、ddos Catering in Chicago adopts a method of providing restaurant meals to schools that contract with it. Owner Michelle Moses and her staff work with area restaurants to create a variety of kid-friendly choices and deliver the meals to the schools five days a week. Parents select the lunches from an

13、 online order form that lists the days featured restaurant and its menu choices.Each day is a different restaurant with six to 10 menu options, she said. It offers so much choice to kids. The service appeals to parents because they think their children are less likely to toss out restaurant food tha

14、n a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. Schools really want to be in the business of educating kids, she said. They dont want to be in the food and beverage(餐饮)business.That doesnt mean that sc

15、hools always like it when teens (or parents) take it upon themselves to order food through phone apps. Many schools have banned that practice, citing safety concerns about delivery drivers showing up at school unannounced and the burden of tracking down students to alarm them that their meals have a

16、rrived.These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff, said Bernard Watson, director of community relations for Gwinnett County Public Schools in Suwanee, Ga. In addition, our award-winning school nutrition program provides students with a wide variety of tasty, n

17、utritious meals on-site, so there is no need to order food from outside.Jacob Levin, a recent graduate of Bexley High School in Bexley, Ohio, relied on a sub shop to deliver a sandwich to him during lunchtime meetings or other appointments that conflicted with his lunch period. It was a convenient o

18、ption. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it werent for the delivery option, he said. Having a restaurant-quality sub also was much more enjoyable than cafeteria food.4. What can we learn about Kiddos Catering?A. It should be ordered online.B. It is a non-profit food progr

19、am.C. It delivers the meals to the schools twice a day.D. It mainly offers the featured dishes of a restaurant.5. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The aim of the food and beverage business.B. A suitable time for school meals.C. Advantages of the delivering school lunch.D. An alternative to

20、 the school cafeteria.6. What is Bernard Watson s concern for delivering food?A. It s less healthy than that in the school cafeteria.B. It causes a potential danger to students.C. It attracts students attention to study.D. Its arrival is usually not punctual.7. What is Jacob Levin s attitude to thee

21、cbathe school lunch?A. Neutral.8. Careless.9. Supportive.10. Unfavourable.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。为学生准备每天的午餐成了上班族妈妈的沉重负担，一些与之相关的餐饮项目也开始涌现。但是该怎样权衡这一现象的利弊呢？4. A 细节理解题。根据第段 “Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the days featured restaurant and its menu choices 可知，Kiddos Catering 提供的午餐

22、需要在网上订。5. C主旨大意题。第二段主要说明递送的学校午餐的优势。6. B 细节理解题。根据 These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff, 可 知，Bernard Watson担忧的是，食物的递送可能会给学生带来潜在的危险。7. C 推理判断题。根据 It was a convenient option. Inmost cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it werent for the deli

23、very option,可推断出,Jacob Levin 对此的态度是支持的。CAnimals have a host of survival strategies（ 策略）when competition gets a little too fierce fight, interrupt, or if nothing else, pack up and move to find a quieter piece of grass. But without the freedom to relocate when the going gets tough, plants have to be a

24、 little more creative in order to survive. One key strategy is picking up on whats going on in the world around them by paying attention to what their neighbors are doing. That can even include responding to signs left behind after neighbors are gone, according to a new paper published in the journa

25、l PLOS ONE.One key sign that a plant is facing competition is when it notices its leaves are coming up against something. Conveniently, thats quite easy for researchers to mimic（ 模仿 ） in this case, they touched plants with a soft make-up brush for one minute every three hours. That stressed the plan

26、ts out, as if there were a competitor nearby that might absorb all its resources. When plants think they have close neighbors, one key counter-strategy is to try to grow faster, especially above ground. Its the vegetative counterpart of a runner putting on a burst of speed during a race after notici

27、ng someone is catching up to them.The researchers behind the study looked at two situations: In one, they touched plants and studied what neighbors did after they blocked off the ability of those plants to send signals above ground through gas chemicals. In the other, they used old growing medium fr

28、om a plant that had been touched to house a new plant.In both cases, the plants that hadnt been touched got the message that something was crowding out their neighbors and kicked their growth into high gear（ 档 ）, showing that they had registered signals through just their roots. That shows plants re

29、ly on their underground communication networks to understand the world around them remember that next time you laugh at a plant.8. What is the important trick for plants to survive?A. Hiding under the cover of grass.B. Sending signals to its neighbours.C. Learning what its neighbours are doing.D. Re

30、acting to its neighbours any change at once.9. When does the plant know it is under a competitive environment?A. It is growing faster.B. Its leaves sense something unusual.C. It cannot find the resources of food.D. Its leaves are touched by another plant.10. What do researchers learn from the two si

31、tuations?A. Plants may communicate by their roots.B. Plants send signals through gas chemicals.C. Plants should not by laughed at by humans.D. Plants communication networks are quite complicated.11. What can be the best title of the text?A. Plants use signals to prepare for competing situations.B. P

32、lant roots send messages when neighbors are too close comfort.C. Plants take less measures than animals to avoid competing situations.D. The most effective survival strategies plants use to protect themselves. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。植物没有重新安家的自由，那么它们为了生存就必须更有创造力。科学家们发现植物会观察周围邻居的情况，通过根部发出信号，提高自己的竞争力。8 C 细节理

33、解题根据文章第一段“ One key strategy is picking up on whats going on in the world around them bypaying attention to what their neighbors are doing. 一个关键的策略是通过关注他们的邻居在做什么来了解他”们周围的世界正在发生什么。可知，答案为C。9 B 细节理解题根据第二段“ Onekey sign that a plant is facing competition is when it notices its leaves arecoming up against

34、something. 植物面临竞争的一个重要标志是， ”它注意到自己的叶子遇见了某些东西。可知，答案为B。10 A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ Inboth cases, the plants that hadnt been touched got the message thatsomething was crowding out their neighbors and kicked their growth into high gear（档）,showing that they had registered signals through just their roots. 在这两种情况

35、下，” 没有被碰过的植物都得到了这样的信息:有什么东西在排挤它们的邻居，它们加快了生长速度，但是它们在地面上通过气体化学物质发送信号的能力被阻止，这表明它们只是通过它们的根发出了信号。可知，答案为A。11 B 主旨大意题文章主要说明科学家们发现植物会观察周围邻居的情况，通过根部发出信号，提高自己的竞争力。DHot after “ smart email ” comes “ digital wellness ” , the umbrella term for trying to reduce our addiction technology and its grim effects on our

36、 health, productivity and politics by means of that technology itself. One hugely popular app, Forest, displays a tree on your phone when you put it down, which then gradually begins to grow, and is only to die if you pick it back up. Using fire to fight fire in this fashion is an appealing thought.

37、 And given the endless data these firms collect about how we use their products, nobody could be better placed to help us use them more healthily.And yet, increasingly, digital wellness triggers in me a response aware of those kinds of things I meet in bad American reality TV shows. In the shows, so

38、me teenagers are sent to the Colorado wilderness to learn self-discipline through self- love. If you hate how much you use your phone, just stop using your phone so much! Relying on Big Tech to help you do so is a problem, for one thing, because of the obvious conflict of interest.However concerned

39、for your wellbeing they might seem, Apple and Google need you to use their products. But its also funny, as the author Cal Newport explained on his blog.“ I m a grown man,ng m”y he wrote.phone every five minutes or playing video games instead of paying attention to my kids, I dont need an existenceo

40、f a dying tree to help me toward better habits. I actually need someone I respect to knock the stupid thing out of my hand and say, Just stop using it! ”To put it differently: digital wellness aims to reduce your dependency on your devices but at the cost of increasing your dependency on the corpora

41、tions behind those devices. It closes off the idea of a more basic rejection of using them, which may be the right answer for us. More generally, it seems likely to weaken your self-discipline muscle, by giving the job of managing your time and attention to a third party.12 What does the app seeming

42、ly want to do by displaying a tree?A To go after the design fashion of beauty.B To ask us to make full use of our phones.C To encourage us to protect the environment.D To remind us not to use digital devices too much.13 What do digital wellness and bad reality TV shows have in common?A They both rev

43、eal the dark sides of society.B They are both self-contradictory in nature.C They are both popular among young people.D They both encourage us to reduce phone use.14 What is Cal Newport s attitude towards Forest?A Supportive.B Negative.C Objective.D Unclear.15 What is the author s suggestion for us?

44、A Have someone monitor us strictly.B Use technology to keep healthy.C Refuse electronics simply.D Manage our time properly.【答案】12 D 13 B 14 B 15 C【 语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了数字健康的真正功效旨在减少你对设备的依赖 但代价是增加你对这些设备背后的公司的依赖。12. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中One hugely popular app, Forest, displays a tree on your phone when you p

45、ut itdown, which then gradually begins to grow, and is only to die if you pick it back up. 个非常流行的应用程序， Forest,当你放下手机时，它会在你的手机上显示一棵树，然后它会逐渐开始生长，只有当你拿起它的时候，它才会死去。”由此可知，通过显示一棵树，这个应用程序是为了提醒我们不要过度使用数码设备。故选D。13. B 推理判断题。 根据第二段中 And yet, increasingly, digital wellness triggers in me a response aware of tho

46、se kinds of things I meet in bad American reality TV shows. In the shows, some teenagers are sent to the Colorado wilderness to learn self-discipline through self- love. If you hate how much you use your phone, just stop using your phone so much! Relying on Big Tech to help you do so is a problem, f

47、or one thing, because of the obvious conflict of interest.然而，越来越多的数字健康引发了我的一种反应，意识到我在糟糕的美国真人秀节目中 遇到的那些事情。在节目中，一些青少年被送往科罗拉多荒野，通过自爱来学习自律。如果你不喜欢用手 机，那就别再那么频繁地使用手机了！首先，依靠大型科技公司来帮助你解决问题是一个问题，因为存在明显的利益冲突。”由此可知，数字健康和糟糕的电视真人秀它们在本质上都是自相矛盾的。故选 Bo14. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中If I m checking hoyne every five minutes or pl

48、aying video games insteadof paying attention to my kids, I dont need an existence of a dying tree to help me toward better habits. I actually need someone I respect to knock the stupid thing out of my hand and say, Just stop using it! 如果我每“鬲五分 钟就查看一下手机，或者玩电子游戏，而不是关注我的孩子，我不需要一棵快要枯死的树来帮助我养成更好的习惯。”我真的需

49、要一个我尊敬的人把我手里的东西敲掉，然后说，别再用它了 ！由此可知，Cal Newport又Forest的态度是 消极的。故选B。15. C 推理判断题。根据第段中 given the endless data these firms collect about how we use their products, nobody could be better placed to help us use them more healthily.考虑到这些公司收集的关于我们如何使用他 们产品的无穷无尽的数据，没有人能更好地帮助我们更健康地使用他们的产品。”由此可知，作者给我们的建议是拒绝电子产品

50、。故选Co第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，茜分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Timeless Ways to Live a Happy LifeAchieving happiness can be different for each one of us. The following ways to live a happy life can be adapted to fit your needs.1. Judge whales right.Some of us see the glass as being half-full, w

51、hile others see the glass as half-empty. If you get in the slow line at the grocery store, take the opportunity to pick up a magazine and do some guilty pleasure “reading. 16一 At the end of the day, you will be more content and happy.2. Be grateful.How many times do you say thank you,“ in a day? How

52、 many times do you hear these same words? If you are doing the first thing, saying the thank you,“ the latter will naturally happen. 17 .3. Remember the kid you were.18. I mean playing like you did when you were a child a game of tag, leap frog, or street baseball when the bat is a broken broom hand

53、le. Its believed that one way to find or maintain your happiness is to remember the kid you were and play!4. Be Kind.19. Watching ads of kindness increases the desire for us to perform good deeds as well. When we make a commitment to be kind, we can experience new heights of happiness and enthusiasm

54、 for our lives.5. 20.The absence of goals in our lives makes us stuck and ineffective. The pursuit of goals in our personal lives, in our relationships, or with our careers, devotes to having a life full of passion and enthusiasm.A . Pursue goals in your life.B . Do the things you want to do.C. Kind

55、ness is indeed appealing to us.D . So you will receive an abundance of joy.E. You can carry the burden of failure in life.F. Accept it with what s right about the situation.G. Dont forget how to play when you were young.【答案】16. F 17. D 18. G 19. C 20. A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了实现快乐生活的方法。16. F由上一句 如果你在杂货店排

56、队很慢，抓住这个机会拿起一本杂志，做一些 又内疚又喜悦的矛盾”阅 读。”可知，承接上文，F选项 接受当前的处境。”切题；该选项中的Accept对应上文中的take the opportunity o 故选刖。17. D由上一句 如果你正在做第一件事，说谢谢”，后者（听别人说谢谢）自然会发生。”可知，承接上文，D选项 因此你会得到极大的快乐。”切题；前后两句是因果关系。故选 D项。18. G由下一句 我的意思是像你小时候一样打球，打吊牌、跳蛙或街头棒球， 球棒是个破扫帚柄。”可知，承接下文，G选项 别忘了你年轻时怎么玩。 ”切题；该选项中的how to play when you were yo

57、ung对应下文中 的 playing like you did when you were a child 。 故选 G项。”可知，承接下文，C选项 仁慈确实对我们有19. C由下一句 看善意的广告也会增加我们做好事的欲望。吸引力。”切题；该选项中的仁慈有吸引力”对应下文中的 看善意广告会增加做好事的欲望。故选C项。20. A此处考查小标题，即要对下一段进行总结方可得出答案。由下文生活中没有目标会让我们陷入困境，效率低下。在个人生活、人际关系或事业中追求目标，致力于拥有充满激情和热情的生活。”可知，本段讲的是要追求生活中的目标，承接下文，A选项 追求生活中的目标。”切题；该选项中的Pursue goals in your life对应下文中的 The pursuit of goals in our personal lives 。 故选 A项。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Last year, I received