主语从句宾语从句知识讲解

1、高考总复习：主语从句及宾语从句 真题再现1. (2016 高考北京卷)Your support is important to our work_ you can do helps.AHowever BWhoever Whatever DWherever2. (2016 高考江苏卷)It is often the case _anything is possible for those who hang on to hopeAwhy Bwhat Cas Dthat 3. (2017 高考北京卷)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, n

2、ot knowing _she was heading.A. why B. where C. how D. when4. (2017 高考北京卷) Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever5. （2017 高考江苏卷）We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _

3、it used to charge.A. that B. which C. what D. how6. （2017 高考江苏卷）He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _.A. was being followed B. was followingC. had been followed D. followed7. （2017 高考天津卷）She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.A. when B.

4、where C. whether D. what8.（2017 北京西城一模）It is entirely true _ children learn more from people they like. So, try to be friends with them.A. what B. why C. that D. how9. （2017 北京西城一模）The results of the experiment turned out contrary to _ was expected.A. what B. which C. whom D. that答案与解析1.C；题目考查主语从句。h

5、elps是谓语，“_ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。2. D；考查主语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。该句是主语从句，句子的it是形式主语，故用that引导从句作真正的主语从句。3. B。考查宾语从句。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根据句意可知选B。4.B。考查主语从句。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。_ makes the most beautiful kite是主语从句，根据意思可知答案。5. C。考

6、查宾语从句。“half of _ it used to charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句的宾语，故选C。6. A 考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B、D；根据句意“在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否正被跟踪”，故用过去进行时最合适，故选A。7. C。句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。A. 什么时候；B. 在哪里；C. 是否；D. 什么。根据

7、句意，故选C。8. C。考查主语从句。it作形式主语，真正的主语从句为_ children learn more from people they like。从句部分陈述一个事实，用that引导。9. A.本题考查宾语从句。介词to带宾语从句。在从句中缺主语，选用连接代词what。知识讲解主语从句和宾语从句的引导词that和what的区别从句中缺少主语时，常用what引导，也可用which表示选择，用who/whom/whoever指人。what引导主语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句时，表示“所的(东西)”，并且在从句中充当句子成分。而that作为从属连词，引导主语从句、宾语从句时，其本身没有实际

8、意义，不充当句子成分。that引导主语从句时不省略，引导宾语从句时一般可以省略，但有些情况不可省略。That fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.It is pretty well understood what controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow i

9、s often acceptable. （2016 高考新课标乙卷）Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. （2016 高考新课标乙卷）“I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.”（2016 高考新课标丙卷）Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communicatione-mails，Web posts and reviews，face-t

10、o-face conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的)，but that didnt necessarily mean people preferred positive news. （2016 高考新课标丙卷）He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others. （2016 高考新课标丙卷）“What Im hoping to acc

11、omplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. （2017 高考新课标甲卷）Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. （2017 高考新课标I卷）He and I both knew what the deal was, and we

12、didnt talk about it. （2017 高考新课标II卷）if和whether的区别主语从句(放在句首时)常由whether引导。作及物动词宾语时，用if/whether均可，但有区别；作介词宾语时只用whether；后面紧跟or not 时，只用whether。Whether she will go home or not is unknown. Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. = It remains to be decided whether/if we shall raise duc

13、ks or geese. 但我们不能说If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.He just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets fed or notChimps are truly selfish（2016 高考江苏卷）Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds，see through walls，or have superhuman strength may sound silly，but it actually gets

14、 to the heart of what really matters in your life（2016 高考四川卷）I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it，or something similar. （2016 高考江苏卷）It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they thi

15、nk. （2016 高考上海卷）I dont care whether/ if he comes.It depends on whether you can do the job well.其他连接代词和连接副词的选用连接代词（what, which, who, whom, whose）在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语；连接副词（when, where, why, how, whether, if等）在从句中作状语。无论是连接代词还是连接副词，都有各自的意义。It matters little how a man dies, but what matters much is how he li

16、ves.It was a matter of who would take the position.No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.I have not been told where the meeting will be held.He explained why he set off so early that day.Whose girlfriend is the most beautiful is not the most important thing.whoever与whatever，w

17、hichever的区别whoever, whatever, whichever除了可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter who/ what/ which外，还可以引导名词从句。whoever相当于anyone who，表明泛指关系，表示“任何的人都，凡是的人都”。I hate whoever lies. Whoever wins gets a prize.whatever相当于anything that，表示“无论什么”。Whatever he thinks doesnt matter.Whatever you want can be found here. whichever意为“

18、无论哪个，无论哪些”。既可指人，也可指物；既可单独使用，也可修饰名词，也可以跟of短语连用。You can choose whichever you want.Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking.it作形式主语和形式宾语从句在某个句子中作主语、宾语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语、宾语，而将真正的主语、宾语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。It was really surprising that she married a man like that.It was reported t

19、hat more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.We owe it to you that there wasnt a serious accident.I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. 主语从句、宾语从句的句序主语从句、宾语从句等名词性从句用陈述语序。主语从句特别注意It构成的主语从句主语从句可以放在句子后面，而用it作形式主语放在句首，尤其是从属连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中。这种句式主要有：It is + adj. / n. +从句It is a p

20、ity/shame that. 遗憾的是It is possible that. 很可能It is unlikely that. 不可能It is possible that he never intended to shoot her.It is unlikely that she will come.It is a shame that the rain spoiled our picnic.It +不及物动词+从句It seems/appears that. 似乎It happened that. 碰巧It appears that you are all mistaken.It hap

21、pened that the harvest was bad that year.It + be +过去分词+从句It is said that. 据说It is known to all that. 众所周知It is reported that. 据报道It is believed that.据信，人们相信It is suggested that.有人建议It must be pointed out that.必须指出It has been proved that.已证明.It is reported that he is a scholar from New Zealand.It has

22、 been proved that the practice can only do good.It must be pointed out that some questions have yet to be clarified.主语从句中的主谓一致关系主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet. When they will start and where

23、 they go have not been decided yet. When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided. （has not ） 强调句型与带有it的主语从句的区别强调句与主语从句虽然在形式上很相似，都含有It is/was. that.，但是它们有一个很重要的区别，强调句去掉It is /was.that之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主语从句却不能这样。It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed.本句去掉“

24、It is .that”后，留下believed，以及that.从句，句子结构不完整，因此不是强调句型。It is surprising that Mary should have won first place. 句中的It是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。句中的It is和that无法删除,一旦删除句子就不成立。It is Mary that has won first place. 本句是强调句型，其中的It is和that可以去掉，因为没有It is和that句子仍然很通顺. 宾语从句特别注意【高清课堂 链接点：宾语从句 高清ID：396512】 如果宾语从句后有宾语补足语，要用形

25、式宾语it，而将从句放到补足语后面。I thought it strange that he didnt pass the exam.Ive heard it said that youve won a scholarship.I felt it important that you tell me the truth.作介词的宾语Did she say anything about how we should do the work?Who is responsible for what has happened?I was not moved by what he said.that 引导

26、的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides 等少数介词后用到。Your article is good except that it is too long.有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语it.Ill see to it that everything is ready. You may depend on it that they will support you.作形容词的宾语Im afraid that I have made a mistake.Im not sure if/whether Im right.She began to criticize w

27、hat I had done.其他几组宾语从句He couldnt express what he felt.I will do whatever you wish.Take whichever seat you like.Give it to whomever you like.Give it to whoever is responsible.宾语从句的时态限制宾语从句应同主句在谓语时态上保持一致。主句谓语是现在时，宾语从句的谓语可以是任意时态；主句谓语是过去时，宾语从句的谓语必须是过去的某种时态，（宾语是客观真理时则无此限制）。She says (that) she works from

28、 Monday to Friday.（从句是一般现在时） She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.（从句是一般将来时） She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. （从句是现在完成时） He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.（从句是一般过去时） He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.（从句是过去将来时） He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.（从句是过去进行时） The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.