2017年高二英语暑期作业复习方法策略15讲第3讲数词、代词及主谓一致的5个歌诀与3种方法

1、第 3 讲数词、代词及主谓一致的 5 个歌诀与 3 种方法备考指导丨数词、代词及主谓一致是历年高考中的必考点，对于代词的考查不同的省份考 查的形式不同，有的是以单项填空的形式，有的是以语法填空的形式，有的是以短文改错的形式进行考查。数词的用途是很广的，尤其是在写作中。 对主谓一致的考查形式通常是单项填空或短文改错，它的用途是最广的，每一个句子都要涉及到主谓一致。一、5 个歌诀帮你牢记相关知识1 人称代词用法歌诀人称代词分两路，主格宾格来分说。主格句中作主语，宾语用的是宾格。人称代词也有数， 单数复数莫用错。单个代词作句子，主语也应用宾格。例如：一Tom come here!Me?2 物主代词用

2、法歌诀物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。名词性独立用， 主宾表语它都充。3 反身代词用法歌诀反身代词莫乱用，能作句中宾（宾语）、表（表语）、同（同位语），主语、定语不能用，固定搭配要记清。4 基数词变序数词歌诀一、二、三，特别例，结尾字母t, d, doth，四加起，八去 t，九去 e, y 要用 ie 替。ve必须变 f, five , twelve 是俩兄弟。若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。5 英语分数巧记歌诀英语分数不费事，“母序子基”四个字，分子若是大于一，分母还需加-s。二、3 种解题方法方法 1 明确指代法在解答代词题目时，我们应首先分析前后文，明确

3、代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判。具体说来应从以下几方面考虑：（1）代词指代的是人还是物；（2）代词指代的是可数名词还是不可 数名词；（3）代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念；（4）代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上；（5）代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。【典例展示 1】（2016 全国卷n）It does not cost many, yet we can still learn alot._2答案 man 尸 much解析 本句中代词 much 代替不可数名词 muchmoney 作动词 cost 的宾语，而 many 通常代替 可数名词的复数形式。故many 改为 much。【典例展

4、示 2 Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of myfriends who had been there before said _was a wonderful holiday destination.答案 it解析 从空后的 a wonderful holiday destination 可以知道，这个地方就是Miami，用 it指代前面提到的地点。故答案为it。方法 2 理清逻辑法理清逻辑法主要是通过分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系才能做出正确判断。具体说来应从以下方面去考虑：（1）代词所表示的范围；（

5、2）代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。【典例展示 1 丨（2016 全国卷n）If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your viewand gain kno wledge we cannot get from books._答案 yourTour解析由前面的we go on a trip ”和we can broaden ”可知，应把 your 改为 our。【典例展示 2 Now it occurred to_ that his farm had much potential and thatthe death of the cow was a

6、 bit of luck.答案 him解析 由前文 可知，此处指突然发生在他身上的事情。It occurs/occurred tosb.that .“某人突然想到”。故答案为him。方法 3 分清主语、找准谓语法做主谓一致的题目时，由于在句子中，有一些主语容易受到别的词的影响，往往造成一些理解上的错误，如主语后面接with , together with , along with , but , as well as 等短语时，谓语应与前面的名词保持一致，记住：谓语动词的单复数要和主语中的中心词取得一致。【典例展示 1】（2016 浙江高考）He would ask who we was an

7、d pretend not to knowus._答案 wasrwere解析 主语是 we,故应把谓语 was 改为 were。3【典例展示 2 Two fifths of the land in that district _ （be） covered with treesand grass.答案 is 解析 is 谓语与 the land 致，用单数。【典例展示 3 He is the only one of the stude nts who_ (be) a winner ofscholarship for three years.答案 has bee n解析 谓语应与 the only

8、 one 一致，又由 for three years可知用完成时。跟踪训练【考点突破】1.用所给动词的适当形式填空1 . The factory used 65 percentof the raw materials , the rest of which_ (save) for other purposes.2._One third of the country(cover) with treesand the majority ofthe citize ns_ (be) black people.3._ The writer and translator (be) delivering a

9、 speech in ourschool now.4.He or I_(be) to go.5._ (be) not only the students but also their teacher required to attend themeeti ng?6.Ten years_ (be) a moment in history.7._ A third of his compositions(have) been corrected.8.The unknown_ (be) always something to be feared.9.Either you or the headmast

10、er _(be) to hand out the prizes to those giftedstude nts at the meeti ng.10. Every possible means_ (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the skyis still not clear.n.单句改错1.Mine own experienee can serve as a case in point._2.I think I can improve me a lot in this way, because where there is a will,

11、thereis a way._3.As time goes on, people will know yourself better and be willing to make friendswith you._44.For quite a number of children,their teachers advice ismore acceptable than one of their pare nts5.Give me a challenge , and I will meet them with joy._6.Tom have been reading that book all

12、the morning so he is tired now._7.As everybody knows, politics are now taught in all schools._8.Kate, one of my good friends, come from Guangzhou._9.As we all know, people speaks English all over the world._10. It is the parents and their son that wants to buy the bicycle._【能力提升】I阅读理解Gold Coast them

13、e parks come in all shapes and sizes and whether you like roller coasters（ 过山车）or patting furry animals, you re sure to find something.Movie WorldMovie world is the only movie-related theme park in Australia.With one of the best coast and a goodhandful of movie-related rides , you ll experienee a fu

14、n-filledadventure with the glamour of Hollywood.Get “behind the seenes” movie information and stunt（ 特技）shows to keep the whole family en terta ined for the best part of a day.Con tact In formatio nPhone： 07-5573-8485Address : Pacific Motorway , Oxenford , Queensland 4210Sea WorldWith an obvious emp

15、hasis on things that live in the water , Sea World has a fantastic range of fish ,sharks , dolphins , seals , polar bears and other animals in the water.With a bunch of great rides ,water slides and roller coasters , Sea World is known as the best all-r ound theme park on the GoldCoast.Con tact In f

16、ormatio nPhone： 07-5588-2222Address : Sea World Drive , Main Beach , Queensland 4217Tropical Fruit World5Home of the world s largest variety of tropical fruits , it s free to get in and6shop for varieties of strange and wonderful fruits , or you can pay to check out theplantation safaris（ 游猎）, mini

17、train rides, jungle cruises（ 丛林大漂流 ）and fruittasting shows.Admission is - 32 for adults and - 15 for kids and free for kids under 5.Con tact In formatio nPhone： 02-6677-7222Address : Duranbah Road , Duranbah , NSW 2487Currumbi n Wildlife San ctuaryCrocodiles , kangaroos , koalas and almost all of th

18、e other famous Australiannativeanimals are living in Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary.You can look at them, feed andpat some of them or just experienee the fantastic27-hectare bush land setting anoasis of wildlife among the Gold Coast bustle（喧闹）.Con tact In formatio nPhone： 07-5534-1266Address : 28 Tome

19、win Street Currumbin1.If you want to watch stunt showsA. Movie WorldB. Sea WorldC. Tropical Fruit WorldD. Currumbin Wildlife SanctuaryA. Movie WorldB. Sea WorldC. Tropical Fruit WorldD. Currumbin Wildlife Sanctuary3.We can take a jungle cruise at_A. Pacific Motorway , Oxenford , Queensland 4210B. Se

20、a World Drive , Main Beach , Queensland 4217,Queensland 4223,you can go to_2.If you like sea animals,you can go to_7C. 28 Tomewin Street Currumbin , Queensland 4223D. Duranbah Road , Duranbah, NSW 248784.If a father and his 4-year-old son want to visit Tropical Fruit World, they shouldpay_ .A. 15 B.

21、 30C. 32 D. 47n.完形填空My son Joey was born with clubfeet （ 畸形足） .The doctors told us that with treatment he would be ableto walk normally _1_ would never run very well.The first threeyears of his life were spent in _2_. By the time he was eight , you _3_ he hada problem when you saw him walk.The child

22、ren in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play, andJoey would _4_ and play , too.We _5_ told him that he probably wouldn t be able to _6_ aswell as the other children.So he didn t know.In seventh grade he decided to go out for the cross country _7_. Every day he trained with thet

23、eam.He worked harder and ran more than any of the others perhaps he _8_ that the abilities thatseemed to come 9 to so many others did not come naturally to him.Although the _10 team runs , onlythe top seven runners have the potential（可能性）to _11_points for the school.We didn t tell him he probably wo

24、uld never_12 the team , so he didn t know.He _13_ to run four to five miles a day, every day even the day he had a 103-degree fever.I was_14_ , so I went to look for him after school.I found him running allaloneasked him how he felt.“_ 15_, ” he said.He had two more miles to go.Thesweat _16_ his fac

25、e and his eyes were glassy from his fever.Yethe _17_straightahead and kept running.Wenever toldhim he couldn t run four miles with a 103-degree9fever.So he didn t know.Two weeks laterthe list.Joeywere all _19_,the name of the team runners were _18_ _. Joey was number six onhad made the team.He was o

26、nly inseventh the other six team members. We never told him he shouldn t _ 20 to make the team.We nevertold him he couldn t do it , so he didn t know.He just did it.1. A.however B . orC. but D . though10C safely D naturallyC other D all11 A.score B collectCpay D catch12 A.join B enterC make D keep13

27、 A.liked B continuedC hoped D aimed14 A.moved B excitedC encouraged D worried15 A.Never mind B OkayC Don t worry D Sorry16 A.ran down B came fromC dropped off D came down10 A.entire B2 A.attention B developmentC circulation D treatment3A.wouldnt know B didnt imagine Cshouldn t find D couldn t identi

28、fy4 A.keep just out Bjump right inC stand only behind Dsit still away5 A.never B generallyC often D sincerely6 A.live B jump C run D hope7 A.competition B classC game D team8 A.meant B sensedC showed D noticed9 A.eventually Bsuddenly11C faced D glanced18 A.made B calledC designed D checked19 A.sixth

29、-graders B seventh-gradersC eighth-graders D fifth-graders20 A.expect B fight C avoid D refuse川.语法填空AOne day, as Zeng Zi s wife was going out, her child began to cry, begging to gowith 1._ “Stay home，” the mother said to him.“ When 2._ return, we ll kill apig for 3._ dinner！”When she came back, 4._

30、found Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for thechild s meal. She hurried over to stop 5._ ：“ What are you doing? You renot really going to kill a pig, are you? I was just kidding him！”“ How can 6._ lie to children ？” Zeng Zi replied.“ 7._ learn eachand 8._ movement from 9._ parents. If 10._ decei

31、ve your childwith lies, you are teaching the child to lie. One cannot educate children this way. ” In the end, Zeng Zikilled the pig.BOur school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from otherschools There 1._ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting roomand a readi

32、ng room in the library building. The number of the books 2._ (be)large, and maybe there are 100， 000 books in it. It is said that all the books cost our school 200， 000dollars. Maybe 200，000 dollars 3._ (be) large to everystudent.In the era of knowledge explosion, the number of the students who 4._

33、(have)same17 A.stood Blooked12a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day. Nowadays, our library has been developed into amultifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student 5.(like) to surf the Internetat weekends here, and now you cansee that my classmates, Mike and John 6._

34、 (play) computer games there.Whenyou turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer 7._(deliver) a speech. Each boy and each girl 8._ (focus) on his interestingspeech. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always 9._ (cheer)up. You are entering our art exhibition. A t

35、eacher with his students is at the room. On the wall 10. (be)100 pictures, which attract many students. An expertand teacher is explaining something important to us.13第 3 讲 数词、代词及主谓一致的 5 个歌诀与 3 种方法考点突破I.I.were saved 2.is covered;are 3.is 4.am5Are 6.is 7.have 8.is 9.is 10.have been usedn.I.Min My 2.m

36、emyself3.yourself you4. onethat5.themit 6.havehas7. ecomes 9.speaks speak10. wantsTwant能力提升1. 1.A 细节理解题。根据对 Movie World 的介绍中的第一段最后一句可知，在这个公园内人们可以看到特技表演。 2. B 细节理解题。根据对 Sea World 的介绍可知，这个公园重点展示的是水生动物，因 此如果你喜欢海洋生物，你可以到 Sea World 参观。 3. D 细节理解题。通读全文可知，只有对 Tropical Fruit World 的介绍中提到了 jungle cruises（丛林大

37、漂流），因此 D 项正确。4. C 数字计算题。根据对 Tropical Fruit World 的介绍中的最后一句可知，该公园的门票价格是：成人 32 美元，五岁以上（含五岁）儿童 15 美元，五岁以下儿童免费。因此C 项正确。 H.1.C考查连词。根据下文提到.would never run very well.，可知能正常走但不能跑得很好。故选C 项。2. D 考查名词辨析。 attention 注意力； development 发展； circulation 循环； treatment治疗。由第二句中“ The doctors told us that with treatment h

38、e would.”可知，前三年的时间都花在治疗上了。故选D。 3. A 考查上下文呼应。 根据上文提到“ The doctors told us that with treatment he wouldbe able to walk normally but would never run very well. ”，可知经过治疗后走路看不出问题，故选 A 项。 4. B 考查语境。句意为：玩的时候，其他的孩子跑呀跳呀，我的儿子也能参与其中。故14选 B 项。 5. A 考查副词辨析。 never 决不； generally 一般地，广泛地； often 经常； sincerely真诚地。根据第三段提到“ We didnt tell him he probably would never _ theteam，so he didn t know. ”，可知我们从没告诉过孩子做哪些动作不行，故选A 项。 6 C 考查动词辨析。 live 生活； jum